<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html charset=windows-1252"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div class=""><div class=""></div><p class="MsoNormal">March 28, 2015</p><p class="MsoNormal">Richard Gauthier: Possible points for Discussion in Summary
Meeting –SPIE conference.<o:p class=""></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p class=""> </o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal">A key idea in the following is that a relativistic double-loop-photon
electron model (and also a single-loop-photon electron model) has a wavelength
of lambda = h/(gamma mc) – as compared with the Compton wavelength h/mc for a
resting electron) which leads easily to the de Broglie wavelength h/(gamma mv).
I would like to know which other double-looped models of the electron have this
feature or not, or how their circulating photon’s frequency and wavelength for
a resting electron varies with electron speed.<o:p class=""></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p class=""> </o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal">A second key idea is that the photon composing the electron
must have spin ½ hbar both at highly relativistic electron velocities as well
as when composing an electron at rest or at low velocities. Double-loop-photon electron modelers should
determine whether their circulating photons can have spin ½ hbar for all
electron velocities.<o:p class=""></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p class=""> </o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal">Based on: “The electron is a charged photon with
the de Broglie wavelength” article at <a href="https://www.academia.edu/10740682/The_Electron_is_a_Charged_Photon_with_the_de_Broglie_Wavelength" class="">https://www.academia.edu/10740682/The_Electron_is_a_Charged_Photon_with_the_de_Broglie_Wavelength</a><o:p class=""></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p class=""> </o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal">*1. Dirac claimed (based on the Dirac equation) that the electron
travels at light speed (which is not observable for an electron due to its high
frequency and small amplitude) but that the electron’s observable speed is less
than light speed. <o:p class=""></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p class=""> </o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal">*2. Analyses of the Dirac equation suggest that the
electron’s charge travels helically at light speed (Hestenes, Rivas) with a
helical radius at slow speeds of hbar/2mc .<o:p class=""></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p class=""> </o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal">*3. The de Broglie relationship for the total energy of
relativistically moving electron is Etotal = gamma mc^2= hf . This suggests (to
RG) that the electron is a charged photon with total energy Etotal = gamma mc^2
= hf and frequency f=gamma mc^2/h . <o:p class=""></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p class=""> </o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal">*4. The wavelength of this charged photon for a
relativistically moving electron is given by L=c/f =h/(gamma mc). This photon wavelength
associated with a relativistic electron was apparently overlooked since de
Broglie’s 1924 hypothesis of
matter-waves having the de Broglie wavelength, which formed the basis of the
Schrodinger equation.<o:p class=""></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p class=""> </o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal">*5. A circulating charged photon with this frequency and
wavelength could be Dirac’s electron that travels at light speed with a small
amplitude and high frequency and whose longitudinal velocity is the measured
velocity of the electron. Quantitative modeling of the charged photon’s helical
trajectory by RG supports this result.<o:p class=""></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p class=""> </o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal">*6. In this model of the electron, Dirac’s zitterbewegung
motion of an electron corresponds to a double-looping of this charged photon’s
wavelength around the longitudinal axis of a moving electron (or corresponds to
a double-looping of the photon’s wavelength in a circle, for a resting
electron.)<o:p class=""></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p class=""> </o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal">*7. The wavelength
h/(gamma mc) of this charged circulating photon easily yields the de Broglie wavelength of
the electron h/(gamma mv) along the longitudinal axis of the circulating
photon.<o:p class=""></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p class=""> </o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal">*8. The relativistic energy-momentum equation for an
electron E^2 = p^2 c^2 +m^2 c^4 can be transformed into a Pythagorean
relationship among the total momentum vector gamma mc of this circulating
charged photon, the longitudinal component
of the charged photon’s momentum (which is the momentum p of the moving
electron) and the transverse component mc of its momentum which, combined wit
the radius hbar/2mc of the helix for a slow moving electron, yields the spin-up and spin-down states of a
slow moving electron.<o:p class=""></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p class=""> </o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal">*9. The radius of the helix of the helically circulating
charged photon corresponding to an electron is found to decrease as
1/(gamma^2) as the velocity of the electron increases. This result only assumes
the photon properties c=Lf , E=hf and p=h/L and that the charged photon moves
helically perpendicular to the plane of the motion of a charged photon in a
resting electron. <o:p class=""></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p class=""> </o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal">*10. Since an electron at highly relativistic velocities
retains the spin ½ hbar that it has at low velocities, the photon that composes
the electron must also have spin ½ hbar when the electron is moving highly
relativistically, since then the
circulating photon’s helical axis is nearly a straight line, nearly matching
the straight-line trajectory of a spin 1 hbar photon. If the charged photon
composing the electron is not to change its spin ½ hbar when the electron is moving
non-relativistically or even is at rest, the photon composing the electron must
have spin ½ hbar when composing a non-relativistic electron also. <o:p class=""></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p class=""> </o:p></p>
<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Cambria;mso-fareast-font-family:Cambria;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:
EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA" class="">*11.The above summary suggested that the
electron, which has previously considered to be a particle with mass and spin ½
hbar and wave-like properties, may be better described as a helically circulating
charged photon with spin ½ hbar.</span><!--EndFragment--> </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><br class=""><div><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class="">On Mar 28, 2015, at 8:52 PM, Andrew Meulenberg <<a href="mailto:mules333@gmail.com" class="">mules333@gmail.com</a>> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div class="">Dear Folks,<b class=""><br class=""></b><br class=""></div><div class="">The 1st responses (below) indicate the enormity of the task we have before us.<b class=""> </b>They also indicate why individually we can make little impact on the subject. We will have to severely limit ourselves. However, in the process we will have to identify, make, and agree on basic assumptions.<b class=""> </b>This will be almost the same as having a workshop on each of the topics. <br class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">We will not be able to start at the beginning. However, we can start with the photons and their nature, the topic of this conference series. Much has been discussed and learned over the last decade. Let us try to consolidate that into a foundation. A lot more is known about the electron, but there are still many missing pieces. We are trying to build a bridge between the two structures. Nevertheless, it may be the 'knowns' that will cause us more trouble than the unknowns.<b class=""><br class=""><br class=""></b></div><div class="">In building up an outline of the topic possibilities, before we downsize to a manageable few, let us try to expand the subtopics and see where they overlap, and perhaps lead us to fuse some of them.<b class=""><br class=""></b></div><div class=""><b class=""><br class=""></b></div><div class="">Andrew<br class=""></div><div class=""><b class=""><br class="">The starting list for Conference workshop on </b><br class=""><span class="im"><span style="font-size:15px" class=""><font size="4" class="">“Are electrons oscillating photons or oscillations of the vacuum itself?” </font><br class=""></span></span></div><div class=""><b class=""><br class="">From Chip Akins:</b><br class=""><p class=""><span style="" class="">1.</span><span style="font-size: 7pt;" class=""> </span><span style="" class="">The nature of time</span></p><p class=""><span style="" class="">2.</span><span style="font-size: 7pt;" class=""> </span><span style="" class="">The nature of space</span></p><p class=""><span style="" class="">3.</span><span style="font-size: 7pt;" class=""> </span><span style="" class="">The properties and structure for photons.</span></p><p class=""><span style="" class="">4.</span><span style="font-size: 7pt;" class=""> </span><span style="" class="">The speed of light</span></p><p class=""><span style="" class="">5.</span><span style="font-size: 7pt;" class=""> </span><span style="" class="">The properties and structure of an electron.</span></p><p class=""><span style="" class="">6.</span><span style="font-size: 7pt;" class=""> </span><span style="" class="">Confinement of a photon to create an electron</span></p><p class=""><span style="" class="">7.</span><span style="font-size: 7pt;" class=""> </span><span style="" class="">Particle Spin</span></p><p class=""><span style="" class="">8.</span><span style="font-size: 7pt;" class=""> </span><span style="" class="">Entanglement, Pilot waves, hidden variable theory with non-commuting variables,</span></p><span style="" class="">9.</span><span style="font-size: 7pt;" class=""> </span><span style="" class="">Pair production, electrons from photons, annihilation, photons from electrons.<br class=""><br class=""></span></div><span style="" class=""><b class="">From David Mathes:</b><br class=""></span><br class=""><div dir="ltr" class="">1. What is the cause of oscillation? </div><div dir="ltr" class=""><br class=""></div><div dir="ltr" class="">2. What's oscillating in spacetime, vacuum, photon or electron? </div><div dir="ltr" class=""><br class=""></div><div dir="ltr" class="">3. Is there more than one oscillation? If so, are they nested? </div><div dir="ltr" class=""><br class=""></div><div dir="ltr" class="">4. How are these oscillations coupled? Under what conditions are they coupled rather closely, somewhat loosely or not at all? </div><div dir="ltr" class=""><br class=""></div><div dir="ltr" class="">5. Is there a negative vacuum, and if so, are there quantum numbers for a negative vacuum?</div><div dir="ltr" class=""><br class=""></div><div dir="ltr" class="">6. Under what conditions does impedance vary or better yet, go to zero? </div><div dir="ltr" class=""><br class=""></div><div dir="ltr" class="">7. Is there a 6D electron? Specifically, does adding 2 or 3 more dimensions make sense?</div><div dir="ltr" class=""><br class=""></div><div dir="ltr" class="">8. How and why does nature create a double loop in the electron models? How do we?</div><div dir="ltr" class=""><br class=""></div><div dir="ltr" class="">9. Does the photon have quantum numbers?</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div dir="ltr" class="">10.
Are we confined to U(1) electron architectures or should conditioned EM
using U(1) X SU(2) X SU3) and higher orders of conditioned photons and
electrons be considered?</div><div dir="ltr" class=""><span style="font-size:15px" class=""><br class=""></span></div><div dir="ltr" class=""><span style="font-size:15px" class="">11. Does c, G or h vary in the model?</span></div><div dir="ltr" class=""><span style="font-size:15px" class=""><br class=""></span></div><div dir="ltr" class=""><span style="font-size:15px" class="">12. What is charge and how do we create charge?</span></div><div dir="ltr" class=""><span style="font-size:15px" class=""><br class=""></span></div><div dir="ltr" class=""><span style="font-size:15px" class="">13. Is view of the 2013 NIST verification of BEC-zitterbewegung, what further experiments should be proposed?</span></div><div dir="ltr" class=""><a href="http://arxiv.org/pdf/1303.0914.pdf" target="_blank" class="">http://arxiv.org/pdf/1303.0914.pdf</a><span style="font-size:15px" class=""><br class=""><br class=""></span><div style="margin-left:40px" class=""><b class=""><span style="font-size:15px" class="">A generalized </span><span style="font-size:15px" class="">hierarchy </span><span style="font-size:15px" class="">approach</span></b></div><div style="margin-left:80px" class=""><span style="font-size:15px" class="">The Void</span></div><div style="margin-left:80px" class=""><span style="font-size:15px" class="">Spacetime </span></div><div style="margin-left:80px" class=""><span style="font-size:15px" class="">vacuum (negative to v-0) </span></div><div style="margin-left:80px" class=""><span style="font-size:15px" class="">quanta (may be sub elementary energy)</span></div><div style="margin-left:80px" class=""><span style="font-size:15px" class="">photons</span></div><div style="margin-left:80px" class=""><span style="font-size:15px" class="">other bosons</span></div><div style="margin-left:80px" class=""><span style="font-size:15px" class="">quarks</span></div><div style="margin-left:80px" class=""><span style="font-size:15px" class="">electrons</span><br class=""></div><div style="margin-left:80px" class=""><span style="font-size:15px" class="">atoms</span></div></div></div>
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