<html><body><div style="color:#000; background-color:#fff; font-family:HelveticaNeue, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, Lucida Grande, sans-serif;font-size:16px"><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1429375353384_15076" dir="ltr"><span>Chip</span></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1429375353384_15076" dir="ltr"><span><br></span></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1429375353384_15076" dir="ltr"><span id="yui_3_16_0_1_1429375353384_15189">Let me know where you find this email. </span></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1429375353384_15076" dir="ltr"><span><br></span></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1429375353384_15076" dir="ltr">David</div><br> <blockquote style="border-left: 2px solid rgb(16, 16, 255); margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 5px; padding-left: 5px;" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1429375353384_15135"> <div style="font-family: HelveticaNeue, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, Lucida Grande, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1429375353384_15134"> <div style="font-family: HelveticaNeue, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, Lucida Grande, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1429375353384_15133"> <div dir="ltr" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1429375353384_15132"> <hr size="1"> <font size="2" face="Arial" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1429375353384_15136"> <b id="yui_3_16_0_1_1429375353384_15138"><span style="font-weight:bold;" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1429375353384_15137">From:</span></b> Andrew Meulenberg <mules333@gmail.com><br> <b><span style="font-weight: bold;">To:</span></b> Nature of Light and Particles - General Discussion <general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org> <br> <b><span style="font-weight: bold;">Sent:</span></b> Saturday, April 18, 2015 7:23 AM<br> <b><span style="font-weight: bold;">Subject:</span></b> Re: [General] Answers to Some Objections<br> </font> </div> <div class="y_msg_container"><br><div id="yiv6221401514"><div><div dir="ltr">Dear Chip,<br clear="none"><div><br clear="none"> Look in your spam (or trash) folder. For some reason David's emails end up in my spam folder. Even when I move them back to the main folder, they still appear there. However, they now also appear in the main folder. It may be that at some point his email had been hijacked or used as a robot.<br clear="none"><br clear="none"></div><div>Andrew<br clear="none"></div></div><div class="yiv6221401514gmail_extra"><br clear="none"><div class="yiv6221401514gmail_quote">On Sat, Apr 18, 2015 at 5:45 PM, Chip Akins <span dir="ltr"><<a rel="nofollow" shape="rect" ymailto="mailto:chipakins@gmail.com" target="_blank" href="mailto:chipakins@gmail.com">chipakins@gmail.com</a>></span> wrote:<br clear="none"><blockquote class="yiv6221401514gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex;"><div class="qtdSeparateBR"><br><br></div><div class="yiv6221401514yqt7744103674" id="yiv6221401514yqt43005"><div lang="EN-US"><div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><span style="color:black;">For some reason I am not getting comments from some of the participants in the group. I never receive comments from David Mathes unless they are part of someone else’s discussion. I do consistently get comments from John W, John M, John D, Richard, Andrew, etc.<u></u><u></u></span></div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><span style="color:black;"><u></u> <u></u></span></div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><span style="color:black;">Just want you to be aware that this issue still exists.<u></u><u></u></span></div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><span style="color:black;"><u></u> <u></u></span></div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><span style="color:black;">Chip<u></u><u></u></span></div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><span style="color:black;"><u></u> <u></u></span></div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;"> General [mailto:<a rel="nofollow" shape="rect" ymailto="mailto:general-bounces%2Bchipakins" target="_blank" href="mailto:general-bounces%2Bchipakins">general-bounces+chipakins</a>=<a rel="nofollow" shape="rect" ymailto="mailto:gmail.com@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org" target="_blank" href="mailto:gmail.com@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">gmail.com@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a>] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Andrew Meulenberg<br clear="none"><b>Sent:</b> Saturday, April 18, 2015 2:41 AM<br clear="none"><b>To:</b> Nature of Light and Particles - General Discussion<span class="yiv6221401514"><br clear="none"><b>Subject:</b> Re: [General] Answers to Some Objections<u></u><u></u></span></span></div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">Dear John M,</span><u></u><u></u></div></div><div><div class="yiv6221401514h5"><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">I spent a lot of time trying to make the electric dipole model of the photon work. I did not succeed. However, in studying the nature of interference effects, I found that the variations in <b>electric </b>potential were in time, not in space. Thus, I believe that a slight change in concept might make a big difference in your results.</span><u></u><u></u></div></div></div></div><div><div class="yiv6221401514h5"><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">We normally think of current as dq/dt = (dq/dx)(dx/dt) because "charge is indivisible." The recognition that charge is only a resonant condition of <b>E</b>-field (e.g., the photon) allows us to talk of electric potentials independent of unique charges. They can be variable in time or space. This is part of the 'structure' of photons that Hudgins and I have been working on with a study of the interference effects in standing waves.</span><u></u><u></u></div></div></div></div><div><div class="yiv6221401514h5"><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">Can your spacetime model incorporate the dipoles with variable charges stationary in space but oscillating in time (i.e., reversing charge-type sinusoidally)?</span><u></u><u></u></div></div></div></div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">Some other comments below:</span><u></u><u></u></div></div><div><div class="yiv6221401514h5"><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">Andrew</span><u></u><u></u></div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">_ _ _ </span><u></u><u></u></div><div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">On Fri, Apr 17, 2015 at 11:31 PM, John Macken <<a rel="nofollow" shape="rect" ymailto="mailto:john@macken.com" target="_blank" href="mailto:john@macken.com">john@macken.com</a>> wrote:</span><u></u><u></u></div><blockquote style="border:none;border-left:solid #cccccc 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0in;"><div><div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black;">Hello Everyone,</span><u></u><u></u></div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black;"> </span><u></u><u></u></div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black;">Over the last week I have generated a lot of criticism which until now I have ignored. It is not possible to answer every objection in a short post because a one line objection can take several paragraphs to rebut. Therefore, I have selected some of the most critical comments from David M., Chip and John D to attempt to set the record straight. </span><u></u><u></u></div></div></div></blockquote><div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> </span><u></u><u></u></div></div><blockquote style="border:none;border-left:solid #cccccc 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0in;"><div><div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">David Mathes<span style="color:black;"> says</span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black;">: </span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:blue;">“</span><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:#c00000;">Impedance is frequency dependent</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:#c00000;">. There are other dependencies as well but frequency plays a prominent role</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:blue;">.”</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> This is correct for acoustics, but not for waves in spacetime. There are several important differences between waves in spacetime and acoustics. For example, the amplitude of acoustic waves is usually given as the displacement of particles which has units of length (L). For unit compatibility, it is necessary to express acoustic impedance with units of M/TL<sup>2</sup> (mass/time length<sup>2</sup>). Therefore, one type of acoustic impedance is <i>Z<sub>a</sub> = ρc</i><sub>a</sub> where <i>c</i><sub>a</sub> is acoustic speed of sound. This has the correct units. The amplitude of gravitational waves is often given as </span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">Δ</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">L/L, but the more accurate expression is </span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">Δ</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">L/<i><s>λ</s></i> which is dimensionless and expresses the maximum strain (maximum slope). In this case the impedance term must have units of M/T for compatibility. The impedance of spacetime Z<sub>s</sub> = c<sup>3</sup>/G has the correct units to be paired with a dimensionless amplitude term. </span><u></u><u></u></div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> </span><u></u><u></u></div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">With this as background, it is now possible to answer the criticism that impedance is frequency dependent. Acoustic impedance is somewhat frequency dependent because the acoustic speed of sound (<i>c</i><sub>a</sub>) has some frequency dependence (<i>Z<sub>a</sub> = ρc</i><sub>a</sub>). However, waves in spacetime have no frequency dependence because the speed of light is the same for all frequencies (<i>Z<sub>s</sub> = c<sup>3</sup>/G</i>). </span><u></u><u></u></div></div></div></blockquote><div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></div></div><div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">To support your argument here: I believe that frequency dependence always is a result of an absorption (resonance). Space has none. However, the singular limit of light velocity to c might introduce something worth studying in that context.</span><u></u><u></u></div></div><blockquote style="border:none;border-left:solid #cccccc 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0in;"><div><div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> </span><u></u><u></u></div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">John D. says</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">: “<span style="color:#c00000;">Waves move through space, not spacetime.</span>”. It is true that gravitational waves distort only the spatial dimensions, not the time dimension. If a gravitational wave propagates past a spherical volume of spacetime, the spherical volume will be distorted to becoming a vibrating ellipsoid. The ellipsoid has no change on volume compared to the original spherical volume because an elongation of one dimension is accompanied by an offsetting contraction of another dimension. There is no change in volume and the gravitational wave does not modulate the rate of time. There is a slight effect on the rate of time due to the fact that the gravitational wave has energy density, but there is no modulation of the rate of time at the frequency of the gravitational wave. </span><u></u><u></u></div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> </span><u></u><u></u></div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">If you read my ‘foundation” article you will see that I am building the entire universe using “dipole waves in spacetime”, not gravitational waves. I explain in this article that dipole waves in spacetime are forbidden on the macroscopic scale described by general relativity, but they are permitted by quantum mechanics on the sub-microscopic scale governed by quantum mechanics. The article explains that dipole waves modulate both the rate of time and the space dimensions. These are actually the most fundamental type of wave that could exist in spacetime. The modulation of both space and the rate of time makes it possible for my model to generate the curvature of spacetime produced by a fundamental particle. For a fundamental particle, this equation is accurate to better than 1 part in 10<sup>40</sup>. Furthermore, there are other nonlinear terms and other considerations that I believe will eventually result in generating the complete equations of general relativity. Therefore, dipole waves in spacetime modulate both space and the rate of time.</span><u></u><u></u></div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> </span><u></u><u></u></div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">Chip says</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">: “<span style="color:#c00000;">I find that using gravitational waves, … (has a) problem. That is it seems to be building on a still undefined and unknown foundation. … If gravity waves travel faster than c for example, it completely changes the “stiffness” of space, impedance of space, and the whole foundation.</span>” </span><u></u><u></u></div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> </span><u></u><u></u></div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">Gravitational waves do exist even if they are very hard to detect. Gravitational waves transfer energy and angular momentum. In 1993 the Nobel Prize was awarded to Russell Hulse and Joseph Taylor for the proof that a binary neutron star system was slowing down its rotation because it was emitting gravitational waves. The amount of slowing was <b>exactly</b> the amount predicted by general relativity. The emission of gravitational waves produces a retarding force on the rotating binary stars, thus producing an observable slowing of the rotation (loss of energy and angular momentum). If it was possible to reverse the direction of these gravitational waves, the gravitational waves would return energy and angular momentum to the binary neutron star system.</span><u></u><u></u></div></div></div></blockquote><div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></div></div><div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> Could you, or anyone else clarify this issue for me. A 1/r potential provides stable orbits with kinetic energy, KE, equal to 1/2 the absolute value of potential energy, PE. Thus, KE = |PE|/2. To radiate waves and drop to a lower stable orbit, the orbiting body must both lose PE and gain KE. The change in angular momentum can go either way. Nevertheless, the increase in KE and the reduction in orbital radius requires that the orbital frequency increase. If rotation slowing is a fact, then something else must be happening. Is the reference to rotation frequency the rotation of the stars and not of the orbital frequency?</span><u></u><u></u></div></div><blockquote style="border:none;border-left:solid #cccccc 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0in;"><div><div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> </span><u></u><u></u></div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">Gravitational waves also propagate at the speed of light. If they propagated faster than c, the universe would have many different laws than it actually has. You are welcome to doubt that gravitational waves propagate at c, but you will be forced to doubting many aspects of physics. </span><u></u><u></u></div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> </span><u></u><u></u></div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">I obviously have skipped many questions. For example, John D. has 9 objections. I believe that I can answer any objection that I have seen, but it is necessary to be selective since the answer is much longer than the objection. Therefore, if there is a particularly important objection that I have not addressed, please state it in the next email.</span><u></u><u></u></div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> </span><u></u><u></u></div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">John M.</span><u></u><u></u></div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> </span><u></u><u></u></div></div></div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"><br clear="none">_______________________________________________<br clear="none">If you no longer wish to receive communication from the Nature of Light and Particles General Discussion List at <a rel="nofollow" shape="rect" ymailto="mailto:mules333@gmail.com" target="_blank" href="mailto:mules333@gmail.com">mules333@gmail.com</a><br clear="none"><a href="<a rel="nofollow" shape="rect" target="_blank" href="http://lists.natureoflightandparticles.org/options.cgi/general-natureoflightandparticles.org/mules333%40gmail.com?unsub=1&unsubconfirm=1">http://lists.natureoflightandparticles.org/options.cgi/general-natureoflightandparticles.org/mules333%40gmail.com?unsub=1&unsubconfirm=1</a>"><br clear="none">Click here to unsubscribe<br clear="none"></a></span><u></u><u></u></div></blockquote></div><div class="yiv6221401514MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><br clear="none">_______________________________________________<br clear="none">
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