<html><body><div style="color:#000; background-color:#fff; font-family:HelveticaNeue, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, Lucida Grande, sans-serif;font-size:16px"><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4406"><span>Andrew/Richard</span></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4405"> </div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4367">Based on general relativity, there is an equation (Woodward 1990, 2013 and Fearn 2014) that defines certain results by increasingly energy density according in flat and curved space as well as wormholes. </div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4367"><br></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4367"><br></div><h1 class="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_6061" style="border: 0px; font-size: 1.4em; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS', 'Arial Unicode', Arial, 'URW Gothic L', Helvetica, Tahoma, 'Cambria Math', sans-serif; color: rgb(92, 92, 92); line-height: 1.5em; clear: both;">Making Stargates: The Physics of Traversable Absurdly Benign Wormholes</h1><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4367" dir="ltr"><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1875389211005724" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4610">http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1875389211005724</a></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4367" dir="ltr"><br></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4367" dir="ltr"><br></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4367" dir="ltr">The full equation is in the form of a d'Alembertian wave equation. So it's work looking at...</div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4367" dir="ltr"><img class="ymail-preserve-class inline-image-guid-e7d176cf-91be-a60f-dd33-d5f205cf8110 rte-inline-saved-image" src="cid:04af8f73-9500-2ba6-d562-38089dac4f7b@yahoo.com" data-id="inline-image-guid-e7d176cf-91be-a60f-dd33-d5f205cf8110" alt="Inline image" style="width:100%;max-width:800px;max-height:111px;" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4936"><br><br></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4367" dir="ltr">which is then simplified to the transient mass equation (TME)</div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4367" dir="ltr"><br></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4367" dir="ltr"><img class="ymail-preserve-class inline-image-guid-24b5345b-92d9-271b-9fdc-18c8c82fbdc9 rte-inline-saved-image" src="cid:0cdf828c-302e-dd1f-ebbb-39bb99aabf23@yahoo.com" data-id="inline-image-guid-24b5345b-92d9-271b-9fdc-18c8c82fbdc9" alt="Inline image" style="width:100%;max-width:662px;max-height:158px;" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_6252"><br><br></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4367" dir="ltr"><br></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4367" dir="ltr">See also </div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4367" dir="ltr"><br></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4367" dir="ltr">
</div><div class="" title="Page 1" style="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_6375">
<div class="" style="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_6374">
<div class="" style="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_6373">
<div class="" style="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_6372">
<div dir="ltr" class="" style="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_6371"><span style="font-size: 14.000000pt; font-family: 'CMBX12'" class="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_6370">Mach’s principle, Action at a Distance and Cosmology </span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4367" dir="ltr" class="" style=""><a href="http://arxiv.org/pdf/1412.5426v1.pdf" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_6329">http://arxiv.org/pdf/1412.5426v1.pdf</a><br></div><div dir="ltr" class="" style="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_6433"><br class="" style=""></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4367" dir="ltr"><br></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4367">Best</div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4367"><br></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4367">David</div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4367"><br></div><br> <blockquote style="border-left: 2px solid rgb(16, 16, 255); margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 5px; padding-left: 5px;" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4202"> <div style="font-family: HelveticaNeue, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, Lucida Grande, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4201"> <div style="font-family: HelveticaNeue, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, Lucida Grande, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4200"> <div dir="ltr" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4199"> <hr size="1" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4413"> <font size="2" face="Arial" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4198"> <b><span style="font-weight:bold;">From:</span></b> Richard Gauthier <richgauthier@gmail.com><br> <b><span style="font-weight: bold;">To:</span></b> Nature of Light and Particles - General Discussion <general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org> <br> <b><span style="font-weight: bold;">Sent:</span></b> Friday, May 1, 2015 10:16 PM<br> <b><span style="font-weight: bold;">Subject:</span></b> Re: [General] position<br> </font> </div> <div class="y_msg_container" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4357"><br><div id="yiv1988354936"><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4356"><div class="yiv1988354936" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4366">Hello Andrew,</div><div class="yiv1988354936" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4355"> Since electromagnetism can be expressed in 4-D in a mathematically covariant form in special relativity, I suppose that this includes Gauss’ law which is one of the 4 Maxwell equations. Wormholes are related to general relativity, so your wormhole proposal about electrons goes beyond the 4-D approach of special relativity, to relating Gauss’ law, electrons and electric fields to general relativity, for which there is currently no accepted theory of quantum gravity. If an electron is a circulating charged photon rather than a circulating uncharged photon, would you still propose a wormhole to connect an electron and a positron formed at the same time during pair production?</div><div class="yiv1988354936" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4526"> Richard</div><br clear="none" class="yiv1988354936"><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4364"><blockquote class="yiv1988354936" type="cite" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4363"><div class="qtdSeparateBR"><br><br></div><div class="yiv1988354936yqt5090196871" id="yiv1988354936yqt98169"><div class="yiv1988354936">On May 1, 2015, at 8:28 AM, Andrew Meulenberg <<a rel="nofollow" shape="rect" class="yiv1988354936" ymailto="mailto:mules333@gmail.com" target="_blank" href="mailto:mules333@gmail.com">mules333@gmail.com</a>> wrote:</div><br clear="none" class="yiv1988354936Apple-interchange-newline"><div class="yiv1988354936" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4362"><div class="yiv1988354936" dir="ltr" style="font-family:Helvetica;font-size:12px;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;line-height:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4361"><div class="yiv1988354936" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4365">Dear Richard ,<br clear="none" class="yiv1988354936"><br clear="none" class="yiv1988354936"></div>A comment below.<br clear="none" class="yiv1988354936"><div class="yiv1988354936" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4360"><div class="yiv1988354936" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4359"><div class="yiv1988354936gmail_extra" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4358"><br clear="none" class="yiv1988354936"><div class="yiv1988354936gmail_quote" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4527">On Thu, Apr 30, 2015 at 9:39 AM, Richard Gauthier<span class="yiv1988354936Apple-converted-space"> </span><span class="yiv1988354936" dir="ltr"><<a rel="nofollow" shape="rect" class="yiv1988354936" ymailto="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com" target="_blank" href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com">richgauthier@gmail.com</a>></span><span class="yiv1988354936Apple-converted-space"> </span>wrote:<br clear="none" class="yiv1988354936"><blockquote class="yiv1988354936gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204, 204, 204);border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex;" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4530"><div class="yiv1988354936" style="word-wrap:break-word;" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4529"><div class="yiv1988354936" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4528"><font class="yiv1988354936" size="1">Hi Chip, </font></div><div class="yiv1988354936"><font class="yiv1988354936" size="1"><br clear="none" class="yiv1988354936"></font></div><div class="yiv1988354936" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4532"><font class="yiv1988354936" size="1" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1430543805661_4531"> I meant computer graphics 3D models, but physical models of the electron would also be very interesting and showable, particularly for a resting electron in two proposed models - one composed of a spin 1 uncharged photon and the other a spin 1/2 charged photon, each tracing a closed helix on the surface of its respective torus. I’m working on this with a basic 3-D graphics program, and will continue, but your computer graphics programs are much more powerful (not to mention your facility with them). Computer graphics would be best to show relativistic electron models with their changing size with velocity. I can offer some advice if needed.</font></div><div class="yiv1988354936"><font class="yiv1988354936" size="1"><br clear="none" class="yiv1988354936"></font></div><div class="yiv1988354936"><font class="yiv1988354936" size="1"> The way our (the royal “our”?) views of electron models are developing, I think it may be time to consider redefining</font></div><div class="yiv1988354936"><font class="yiv1988354936" size="1"><br clear="none" class="yiv1988354936"></font></div><div class="yiv1988354936"><font class="yiv1988354936" size="1">A) a boson as an uncharged photon (or similar uncharged light-speed particle like a gluon, or a charged or uncharged particle W+, W- or Zo with spin 1 (i.e. whole number spin, composed of a photon or similar light-speed object. Bosons may or may not have mass or charge.</font></div><div class="yiv1988354936"><font class="yiv1988354936" size="1"><br clear="none" class="yiv1988354936"></font></div><div class="yiv1988354936"><font class="yiv1988354936" size="1">B) a fermion as either a spin 1/2 charged photon like an electron, mu or tau, or an uncharged neutrino which may be a circulating spin 1/2 uncharged photon with low mass, or any of the quarks which may be spin 1/2 electrically charged gluons with color charge also. Fermions always have mass and sometimes charge. The unifying idea is that all fundamental particles move either externally or internally at light speed, whether they are fermions or bosons.</font></div><div class="yiv1988354936"><br clear="none" class="yiv1988354936"></div><div class="yiv1988354936"> I think it’s time to start thinking about how a spin 1/2 charged photon might be modeled by electric and magnetic fields. I think it would be much easier to generate an electron model from a spin 1/2 charged-photon model than a spin 1 uncharged-photon model (remembering that the the electron has spin 1/2 at highly relativist velocities which would be hard to get from a spin 1 photon). A spin 1/2 charged photon would be a net source of electric charge (by Gauss’ law), while an uncharged photon cannot be a source of net electric charge (as long as Gauss’ law holds), no matter how you twist and turn the photon. One thought is that a negatively charged photon could have all its electric field pointing<span class="yiv1988354936Apple-converted-space"> </span><u class="yiv1988354936">inward</u><span class="yiv1988354936Apple-converted-space"> </span>(where the negative charge is located) and pointing transverse to the charged photon’s direction of motion,<span class="yiv1988354936Apple-converted-space"> </span></div></div></blockquote><div class="yiv1988354936"><br clear="none" class="yiv1988354936"></div><div class="yiv1988354936">I think your invoking Gauss' law is valid in 3-D, but not in 4-D. However, there might be a 4-D version of Gauss' law. [Does it have the (-1,1,1,1) metric?] Only 3-D presents a problem for the concept of 'inward' - unless it is defined in 4-D.<br clear="none" class="yiv1988354936"><br clear="none" class="yiv1988354936"></div><div class="yiv1988354936">Andrew<br clear="none" class="yiv1988354936"></div><div class="yiv1988354936"><font class="yiv1988354936" size="1"> </font></div><blockquote class="yiv1988354936gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204, 204, 204);border-left-style:solid;padding-left:1ex;"><div class="yiv1988354936" style="word-wrap:break-word;"><div class="yiv1988354936"><font class="yiv1988354936" size="1">while the charged photon's magnetic field points perpendicular to the electric field directions but also transverse to the direction of motion of the circulating photon. The charged photon would follow a helical trajectory for a moving electron, which would become a circular trajectory for a resting electron, where the magnetic field would resemble a dipole field. Just an initial thought.</font></div><font class="yiv1988354936" size="1"><span class="yiv1988354936HOEnZb"><font class="yiv1988354936" color="#888888"></font></span></font><div class="yiv1988354936"><br clear="none" class="yiv1988354936"></div><div class="yiv1988354936"> Richard</div><div class="yiv1988354936"><div class="yiv1988354936h5"><div class="yiv1988354936"><br clear="none" class="yiv1988354936"></div><br clear="none" class="yiv1988354936"><div class="yiv1988354936"></div></div></div></div><br clear="none" class="yiv1988354936"><br clear="none" class="yiv1988354936"></blockquote></div><br clear="none" class="yiv1988354936"></div></div></div></div><span class="yiv1988354936" style="font-family:Helvetica;font-size:12px;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;line-height:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;float:none;display:inline;">_______________________________________________</span><br clear="none" class="yiv1988354936" style="font-family:Helvetica;font-size:12px;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;line-height:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;"><span class="yiv1988354936" style="font-family:Helvetica;font-size:12px;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;line-height:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;float:none;display:inline;">If you no longer wish to receive communication from the Nature of Light and Particles General Discussion List at <a rel="nofollow" shape="rect" class="yiv1988354936" ymailto="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com" target="_blank" href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com">richgauthier@gmail.com</a></span><br clear="none" class="yiv1988354936" style="font-family:Helvetica;font-size:12px;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;line-height:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;"><span class="yiv1988354936" style="font-family:Helvetica;font-size:12px;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;line-height:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;float:none;display:inline;"><a href="<a rel="nofollow" shape="rect" class="yiv1988354936" target="_blank" href="http://lists.natureoflightandparticles.org/options.cgi/general-natureoflightandparticles.org/richgauthier%40gmail.com?unsub=1&unsubconfirm=1">http://lists.natureoflightandparticles.org/options.cgi/general-natureoflightandparticles.org/richgauthier%40gmail.com?unsub=1&unsubconfirm=1</a>"></span><br clear="none" class="yiv1988354936" style="font-family:Helvetica;font-size:12px;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;line-height:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;"><span class="yiv1988354936" style="font-family:Helvetica;font-size:12px;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;line-height:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;float:none;display:inline;">Click here to unsubscribe</span><br clear="none" class="yiv1988354936" style="font-family:Helvetica;font-size:12px;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;line-height:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;"><span class="yiv1988354936" style="font-family:Helvetica;font-size:12px;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;line-height:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;float:none;display:inline;"></a></span></div></div></blockquote></div><br clear="none" class="yiv1988354936"></div></div><br><div class="yqt5090196871" id="yqt50510">_______________________________________________<br clear="none">If you no longer wish to receive communication from the Nature of Light and Particles General Discussion List at <a shape="rect" ymailto="mailto:davidmathes8@yahoo.com" href="mailto:davidmathes8@yahoo.com">davidmathes8@yahoo.com</a><br clear="none"><a href="<a shape="rect" href="http://lists.natureoflightandparticles.org/options.cgi/general-natureoflightandparticles.org/davidmathes8%40yahoo.com?unsub=1&unsubconfirm=1" target="_blank">http://lists.natureoflightandparticles.org/options.cgi/general-natureoflightandparticles.org/davidmathes8%40yahoo.com?unsub=1&unsubconfirm=1</a>"><br clear="none">Click here to unsubscribe<br clear="none"></a><br clear="none"></div><br><br></div> </div> </div> </blockquote> </div></body></html>