<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class="">David and all,<div class=""><br class=""><div class=""> Thanks for this. One unification that Wilczek surprisingly left out is “Unification of matter and energy”, although he does talk about possible future "Unification of force and substance”—the boson and fermion world— and hopes that the SUSY hypothesis will provide this unification. This is where photon models of the electron are relevant. Perhaps Wilczek thinks that matter and energy have already been unified, or that this is covered by “Unification of wave and particle: Einstein and de Broglie”. But de Broglie admitted in his Ph.D. thesis that he didn’t know what the internal frequency in his electron means except that it is associated with the electron’s total energy. Quantum mechanics and QED also leave this question (the internal frequency nature of material particles) unanswered. I prefer to think that matter may be organized light-speed energy (or even transluminal energy.) Wilczek claims that matter is understood —"<span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 25.135358810424805px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""><font face="Georgia" size="2" class="">The quantum revolution gave this revelation: We’ve finally learned what matter is. The Core Theory completes, for practical purposes, the analysis of matter."</font></span> Here Wilzcek may be fundamentally mistaken. Such hubris is unbecoming. Quoting a famous dramatist: “There are more things in heaven and earth, Horatio, than are dreamt of in your philosophy.” Hamlet (1.5.167-8)</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""> Richard</div><div class=""><br class=""><div><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class="">On Jul 2, 2015, at 7:02 AM, Roychoudhuri, Chandra <<a href="mailto:chandra.roychoudhuri@uconn.edu" class="">chandra.roychoudhuri@uconn.edu</a>> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div class=""><div class="WordSection1" style="page: WordSection1; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt;" class="">Many thanks, David M., for further enlightening us with Wilczek’s article</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class="">.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 11pt;" class="">He is also my favorite physicist, especially, because he has been attempting to “stick his neck inside the elephant’s tummy”. I mean, he has been trying to visualize the invisible interaction processes as part of proper physics beyond measurable data modeling.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt;" class=""> </span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt;" class="">Chandra. </span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><a name="_MailEndCompose" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);" class=""> </span></a></div><div class=""><div style="border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: rgb(181, 196, 223); border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 3pt 0in 0in;" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><b class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;" class="">From:</span></b><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma, sans-serif;" class=""><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>General [<a href="mailto:general-bounces+chandra.roychoudhuri=uconn.edu@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">mailto:general-bounces+chandra.roychoudhuri=uconn.edu@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a>]<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b class="">On Behalf Of<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b>David Mathes<br class=""><b class="">Sent:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Wednesday, July 01, 2015 8:59 PM<br class=""><b class="">To:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Nature of Light and Particles - General Discussion<br class=""><b class="">Subject:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>[General] Physics in 100 years according to Wilczek<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div></div><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></div><div class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_9091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_9091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_9091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class="">All, <o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_9091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_9091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class="">As I look at all these different models of the electron, we have all carefully grasped the elephant somewhere on the outside in an attempt to figure out what's on the inside. In our quest to determine the heart of the electron, we have compared present day notes in hopes of future results. So any description of the elephant called electron can be reduced to a series of experimental results that already exist and a limits can be placed to confine any model to reasonableness.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_9091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_9091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class="">Mirror, mirror, on the wall, who is the fairest...oh, forget that. What I want to know...what does the future hold for quantum and quanta and is there at least a roadmap in physics.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_9091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class="">Specifically, w</span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class="">hat does the future hold in terms of photon models and photon-based electrons? </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_9091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_9091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class="">That is a question open to interpretation but Wilczek at least provides a framework with a few directions in his paper published in March 2015.</span><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class="">Summarized in a brief article on PBS website, Wilczek came out with a rather bold paper on musings and wishes available on Arxiv.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_13852" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_12092" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_9091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class="">A quick article from PBS...from<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_9091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><a href="http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/next/physics/in-100-years/" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">How Physics Will Change—and Change the World—in 100 Years — NOVA Next | PBS</a><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_9091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_9091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class="">The full paper....<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_9091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><a href="http://arxiv.org/pdf/1503.07735.pdf" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">http://arxiv.org/pdf/1503.07735.pdf</a><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_12460" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></div></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_9091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class="">The paper was a fun read in spite of the physics and mathematics involved. Here is one of my favorite quotes:<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_9091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_11877" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_11876" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_11875" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_11874" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_11873" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><b class=""><i class=""><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">"When Leon Cooper, on behalf of Brown University, asked me to contribute to their 250</span></i></b><b class=""><i class=""><span style="font-family: CMTI8, serif; position: relative; top: -4pt;" class="">th<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></i></b><b class=""><i class=""><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">anniversary by giving a talk </span></i></b><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_11873" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><b class=""><i class=""><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">about the next 250 years of physics, I of course accepted immediately. Then I thought about it. I soon realized that </span></i></b><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_11873" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><b class=""><i class=""><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">I’d taken on a task that is way beyond me, or (I suspect) anyone else. So as a first step I renormalized 250<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></i></b><b class=""><i class=""><span style="font-family: CMSY10, serif;" class="">→<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></i></b><b class=""><i class=""><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">100."</span></i></b><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_9091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><b class=""><i class=""><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">"Here I indulge in wide-ranging speculations on the shape of physics, and technology closely related to physics, over the next one hundred years. </span></i></b><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><b class=""><i class=""><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">Themes include the many faces of unification, the reimagining of quantum theory, and new forms of engineering on small, intermediate, and large scales."</span></i></b><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_13905" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_9091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class="">My take is that given the rapid advances in quantum computing, and Kurzweil's pending Singularity, we should consider the Wilczek paper a roadmap good for at least 20 years. </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class="">We should also consider this paper somewhat as guidance to modeling photon and electron.</span><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_9091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10095" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10094" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10093" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10092" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class="">Before looking forward, Wilczek summarizes the history of physics and mathematics where there has been unification. In the computer industry including Apple, HP, IBM and Microsoft, unification is also called integration. And in finance, mergers and acquisitions. But I digress.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class="">From history, Wilczek provide a summary of</span><b id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_15382" class=""><i id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_15380" class=""><span style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>unification</span></i></b><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>in specific fields. I'm sure there are others but these will do.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_9091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><b class=""><i class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class="">"Names are attached not as credit but a shorthand for developments:</span></i></b><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_9091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10189" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10188" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10187" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10186" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><b class=""><i class=""><span style="font-family: CMBX10, serif;" class="">–<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></i></b><b class=""><i class=""><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">Unification of algebra and geometry (Descartes)</span></i></b><b class=""><i class=""><span style="font-family: CMR8, serif; position: relative; top: -4pt;" class=""><br class=""></span></i></b><b class=""><i class=""><span style="font-family: CMBX10, serif;" class="">–<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></i></b><b class=""><i class=""><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">Unification of celestial and terrestrial physics (Galileo, Newton)<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></i></b><b class=""><i class=""><span style="font-family: CMBX10, serif;" class="">–<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></i></b><b class=""><i class=""><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">Unification of mechanics and optics (Hamilton)<br class=""></span></i></b><b class=""><i class=""><span style="font-family: CMBX10, serif;" class="">–<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></i></b><b class=""><i class=""><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">Unification of electricity, magnetism, and optics (Maxwell)<br class=""></span></i></b><b class=""><i class=""><span style="font-family: CMBX10, serif;" class="">–<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></i></b><b class=""><i class=""><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">Unification of space and time (Einstein, Minkowski)<br class=""></span></i></b><b class=""><i class=""><span style="font-family: CMBX10, serif;" class="">–<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></i></b><b class=""><i class=""><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">Unification of wave and particle (Einstein, de Broglie) </span></i></b><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div></div></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10347" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10346" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10345" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10363" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><b class=""><i class=""><span style="font-family: CMBX10, serif;" class="">–<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></i></b><b class=""><i class=""><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">Unification of reasoning and calculation (Boole, Turing) </span></i></b><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10363" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10363" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><b class=""><i class=""><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">end"</span></i></b><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10363" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10363" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class="">So he continues on the theme of unification with the Standard Model and eventually leads us into Supersymmetry (SUSY). <o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10363" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10569" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10568" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10567" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10583" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10582" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10581" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10580" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><b class=""><span style="font-family: CMR9, serif;" class="">"<i id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_15086" class="">For reasons I’ve detailed in an Appendix, I think the most sensible procedure is to use “Standard Model” in its original sense, to mean the electroweak theory only. "</i></span></b><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_13958" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_13958" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: CMR9, serif;" class="">That's interesting since most of the electron models don't even mention electroweak and prefer classical or semi-classical form of EM. However, there are couple models that have the guts to go GUT and encompass the four basic forces (or five if one treats the B field separate from E) as well as declare there is a bottom, and it is spacetime. </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">As background, note that the Standard Model can typically be summarized using symmetry groups as </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10095" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10094" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10093" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10092" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10569" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10568" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10567" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10566" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: CMMI10, serif;" class="">SU</span><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">(3) </span><span style="font-family: CMSY10, serif;" class="">× </span><span style="font-family: CMMI10, serif;" class="">SU</span><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">(2) </span><span style="font-family: CMSY10, serif;" class="">× </span><span style="font-family: CMMI10, serif;" class="">U</span><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">(1) </span><span style="font-family: CMSY10, serif;" class="">× </span><span style="font-family: CMMI10, serif;" class="">SO</span><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">(3</span><span style="font-family: CMMI10, serif;" class="">,</span><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">1)</span><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10583" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10582" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10581" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10580" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">Keep in mind that Barrett using the appropriate extensions to Maxwell's equations (Maxwell 20) confines his "Topological Electromagnistim" to</span><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: CMMI10, serif;" class="">EM only ... SU</span><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">(3) </span><span style="font-family: CMSY10, serif;" class="">× </span><span style="font-family: CMMI10, serif;" class="">SU</span><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">(2) </span><span style="font-family: CMSY10, serif;" class="">× </span><span style="font-family: CMMI10, serif;" class="">U</span><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">(1)<br class=""><br class=""></span><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10752" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10751" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10750" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10749" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><b class=""><span style="font-family: TimesNewRomanPS, serif;" class="">Topological Foundations of Electromagnetism </span></b><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div></div></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class=""><a href="http://aflb.ensmp.fr/AFLB-26j/aflb26jp055.pdf" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">http://aflb.ensmp.fr/AFLB-26j/aflb26jp055.pdf</a><br class=""><br class=""></span><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">I have two noteworthy additions to the SM. Electrons can be spin coupled, and there is the question of phat photons, So I've wondered if the proper investigative path might be</span><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: CMMI10, serif;" class="">N^2 hv == SU(4) X SU</span><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">(3) </span><span style="font-family: CMSY10, serif;" class="">× </span><span style="font-family: CMMI10, serif;" class="">SU</span><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">(2) </span><span style="font-family: CMSY10, serif;" class="">× </span><span style="font-family: CMMI10, serif;" class="">U</span><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">(1) </span><span style="font-family: CMSY10, serif;" class="">× </span><span style="font-family: CMMI10, serif;" class="">SO</span><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">(3</span><span style="font-family: CMMI10, serif;" class="">,</span><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">1)</span><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">Any comment or correction on this view may be of help. And yes, I have seen the equations of the universe.</span><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">From Sean Carroll</span><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><a href="http://www.preposterousuniverse.com/blog/2013/01/04/the-world-of-everyday-experience-in-one-equation/" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class="">The World of Everyday Experience, In One Equation</a><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="enhancrCard_1" style="margin-top: 3.75pt; margin-bottom: 3.75pt;" class=""><table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse;"><tbody class=""><tr class=""><td colspan="8" style="background-color: rgb(229, 229, 229); padding: 0in; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" class=""><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 1pt;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div></td></tr><tr id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_11603" class=""><td width="1" rowspan="5" style="width: 0.75pt; background-color: rgb(229, 229, 229); padding: 0in; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" class=""><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 1pt;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div></td><td width="210" rowspan="5" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_11602" style="width: 1.75in; background-color: black; padding: 0in; min-height: 168px; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; text-align: center;" class=""><a href="http://www.preposterousuniverse.com/blog/2013/01/04/the-world-of-everyday-experience-in-one-equation/" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class=""><span style="text-decoration: none;" class=""><img border="0" width="168" height="58" id="_x0000_i1025" src="http://www.preposterousuniverse.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Everyday-Equation-1024x353.jpg" alt="image" class=""></span></a><o:p class=""></o:p></div></td><td width="1" rowspan="5" style="width: 0.75pt; background-color: rgb(229, 229, 229); padding: 0in; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" class=""><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 1pt;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div></td><td width="18" rowspan="5" style="width: 10.5pt; padding: 0in;" class=""><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 14pt;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div></td><td colspan="2" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_14234" style="padding: 0in; min-height: 6px;" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_14233" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 6pt;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div></td><td width="25" rowspan="5" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_11611" style="width: 15pt; padding: 0in;" class=""><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 20pt;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div></td><td width="1" rowspan="5" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_14238" style="width: 0.75pt; background-color: rgb(229, 229, 229); padding: 0in; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" class=""><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 1pt;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div></td></tr><tr id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_11610" class=""><td width="356" colspan="2" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_11609" style="width: 213.75pt; padding: 0in;" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_11608" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_11607" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 12.4pt; word-break: break-all;" class=""><a href="http://www.preposterousuniverse.com/blog/2013/01/04/the-world-of-everyday-experience-in-one-equation/" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class=""><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;" class="">The World of Everyday Experience, In One Equation</span></a><o:p class=""></o:p></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_11606" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 15pt; word-break: break-all;" class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(153, 153, 153);" class="">Longtime readers know I feel strongly that it should be more widely appreciated that the laws underlying the physics of everyday life are completely understood. (If...<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class=""><td colspan="2" style="padding: 0in; min-height: 4px;" class=""></td></tr><tr id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_14241" class=""><td style="padding: 0in;" class=""><div class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 1pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" class=""><a href="http://www.preposterousuniverse.com/blog/2013/01/04/the-world-of-everyday-experience-in-one-equation/" target="_blank" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;" class=""><span style="font-size: 7pt; color: rgb(153, 153, 153);" class="">View on <b class="">www.preposterousuni...</b></span></a><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div></td><td width="125" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_14240" style="width: 75pt; padding: 0in;" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; text-align: right; line-height: 8.25pt;" class=""><span style="font-size: 7pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(153, 153, 153);" class="">Preview by Yahoo</span><span style="font-size: 1pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></td></tr><tr id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_14244" class=""><td colspan="2" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_14243" style="padding: 0in; min-height: 9px;" class=""></td></tr><tr id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_14237" class=""><td colspan="8" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_14236" style="background-color: rgb(229, 229, 229); padding: 0in; min-height: 1px; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;" class=""><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_14235" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 1pt;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div></td></tr><tr height="0" class=""><td width="1" style="border: none;" class=""></td><td width="210" style="border: none;" class=""></td><td width="1" style="border: none;" class=""></td><td width="18" style="border: none;" class=""></td><td width="212" style="border: none;" class=""></td><td width="145" style="border: none;" class=""></td><td width="25" style="border: none;" class=""></td><td width="1" style="border: none;" class=""></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10344" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">So as I look at the various models for this SPIE conference, I wonder what is the next unification?</span><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_14808" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10344" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">Could Unification of the photon and electron be next?</span><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10344" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10344" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">Perhaps a topological description of inside the electron? </span><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">Or could it be the unification of spacetime and waves that provides the key insight and breakthrough? </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10344" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10344" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-size: 13.5pt; font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">Could it be we need to rethink how we think about things, and perhaps relearn a new way on how we learn how to learn? </span><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10344" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class=""><br class=""><br class=""></span><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10344" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class="">And what is inside the photon?<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10344" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10344" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10348" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">Best Regards,</span><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10348" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_10348" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: CMR10, serif;" class="">David</span><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div></div></div></div></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1435792424476_9091" class=""><div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> </span></div></div></div></div><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; 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