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Richard:<br>
<br>
I am still busy to understand the de Broglie wavelength from your
model. I think that I understand your general idea, but I would like
to also understand the details. <br>
<br>
If a photon moves straight in the free space, how does the wave look
like? You say that the photon emits a plane wave. If the photon is
alone and moves straight, then the wave goes with the photon. No
problem. And the wave front is in the forward direction. Correct?
How far to the sides is the wave extended? That may be important in
case of the photon in the electron.<br>
<br>
With the following I refer to the figures 1 and 2 in your paper
referred in your preceding mail.<br>
<br>
In the electron, the photon moves according to your model on a
circuit. It moves on a helix when the electron is in motion. But
let take us first the case of the electron at rest, so that the
photon moves on this circuit. In any moment the plane wave
accompanied with the photon will momentarily move in the tangential
direction of the circuit. But the direction will permanently change
to follow the path of the photon on the circuit. What is then about
the motion of the wave? The front of the wave should follow this
circuit. Would an observer next to the electron at rest (but not in
the plane of the internal motion) notice the wave? This can only
happen, I think, if the wave does not only propagate on a straight
path forward but has an extension to the sides. Only if this is the
case, there will be a wave along the axis of the electron. Now an
observer next to the electron will see a modulated wave coming from
the photon, which will be modulated with the frequency of the
rotation, because the photon will in one moment be closer to the
observer and in the next moment be farer from him. Which wavelength
will be noticed by the observer? It should be lambda = c / ny, where
c is the speed of the propagation and ny the frequency of the
orbital motion. But this lambda is by my understanding not be the de
Broglie wave length.<br>
<br>
For an electron at rest your model expects a wave with a momentarily
similar phase for all points in space. How can this orbiting photon
cause this? And else, if the electron is not at rest but moves at a
very small speed, then the situation will not be very different from
that of the electron at rest.<br>
<br>
Further: What is the influence of the charge in the photon? There
should be a modulated electric field around the electron with a
frequency ny which follows also from E = h*ny, with E the dynamical
energy of the photon. Does this modulated field have any influence
to how the electron interacts with others? <br>
<br>
Some questions, perhaps you can help me for a better understanding.<br>
<br>
With best regards and thanks in advance<br>
Albrecht<br>
<br>
PS: I shall answer you mail from last night tomorrow.<br>
<br>
<br>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">Am 14.10.2015 um 22:32 schrieb Richard
Gauthier:<br>
</div>
<blockquote
cite="mid:26CF7357-2118-4391-889D-150E1F112A8C@gmail.com"
type="cite">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<div class="">Hello Albrecht,</div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class=""> I second David’s question. The last I heard
authoritatively, from cosmologist Sean Carroll - "The Particle
at the End of the Universe” (2012), is that fermions are not
affected by the strong nuclear force. If they were, I think it
would be common scientific knowledge by now. </div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class="">You wrote: "<span style="font-family: HelveticaNeue,
'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande',
sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: rgb(255, 255,
255);" class="">I see it as a valuable goal for the further
development to find an answer (a</span><span
style="font-family: HelveticaNeue, 'Helvetica Neue',
Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size:
16px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class=""> </span><i
class="" style="font-family: HelveticaNeue, 'Helvetica Neue',
Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size:
16px;">physical </i><span style="font-family: HelveticaNeue,
'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande',
sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: rgb(255, 255,
255);" class="">answer!) to the question of the de Broglie
wavelength."</span></div>
<div class=""> My spin 1/2 charged photon model DOES give a
simple physical explanation for the origin of the de Broglie
wavelength. The helically-circulating charged photon is proposed
to emit a plane wave directed along its helical path based on
its relativistic wavelength lambda = h/(gamma mc) and
relativistic frequency f=(gamma mc^2)/h. The wave fronts of this
plane wave intersect the axis of the charged photon’s helical
trajectory, which is the path of the electron being modeled by
the charged photon, creating a de Broglie wave pattern of
wavelength h/(gamma mv) which travels along the charged photon’s
helical axis at speed c^2/v. For a moving electron, the wave
fronts emitted by the charged photon do not intersect the
helical axis perpendicularly but at an angle (see Figure 2 of my
SPIE paper at <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.academia.edu/15686831/Electrons_are_spin_1_2_charged_photons_generating_the_de_Broglie_wavelength"
class="">https://www.academia.edu/15686831/Electrons_are_spin_1_2_charged_photons_generating_the_de_Broglie_wavelength</a> )
that is simply related to the speed of the electron being
modeled. This physical origin of the electron’s de Broglie wave
is similar to when a series of parallel and evenly-spaced ocean
waves hits a straight beach at an angle greater than zero
degrees to the beach — a wave pattern is produced at the beach
that travels in one direction along the beach at a speed faster
than the speed of the waves coming in from the ocean. But that
beach wave pattern can't transmit “information” along the beach
faster than the speed of the ocean waves, just as the de Broglie
matter-wave can’t (according to special relativity) transmit
information faster than light, as de Broglie recognized. As far
as I know this geometric interpretation for the generation of
the relativistic electron's de Broglie wavelength, phase
velocity, and matter-wave equation is unique.</div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class=""> For a resting (v=0) electron, the de Broglie
wavelength lambda = h/(gamma mv) is not defined since one can’t
divide by zero. It corresponds to the ocean wave fronts in the
above example hitting the beach at a zero degree angle, where no
velocity of the wave pattern along the beach can be defined.</div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class=""> <span style="color: rgb(37, 37, 37); line-height:
22px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class="">Schrödinger</span> took
de Broglie’s matter-wave and used it non-relativistically with
a potential V to generate the <span style="color: rgb(37, 37,
37); line-height: 22px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"
class="">Schrödinger</span> equation and wave mechanics, which
is mathematically identical in its predictions to Heisenberg’s
matrix mechanics. Born interpreted Psi*Psi of the <span
style="color: rgb(37, 37, 37); line-height: 22px;
background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class="">Schrödinger</span> equation
as the probability density for the result of an experimental
measurement and this worked well for statistical predictions.
Quantum mechanics was built on this de Broglie wave foundation
and Born's probabilistic interpretation (using Hilbert space
math.)</div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class=""> The charged photon model of the electron might be
used to derive the <span style="color: rgb(37, 37, 37);
line-height: 22px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"
class="">Schrödinger</span> equation, considering the electron
to be a circulating charged photon that generates the electron’s
matter-wave, which depends on the electron’s variable kinetic
energy in a potential field. This needs to be explored further,
which I began in <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.academia.edu/10235164/The_Charged-Photon_Model_of_the_Electron_Fits_the_Schr%C3%B6dinger_Equation"
class="">https://www.academia.edu/10235164/The_Charged-Photon_Model_of_the_Electron_Fits_the_Schrödinger_Equation</a> .
Of course, to treat the electron relativistically requires the
Dirac equation. But the spin 1/2 charged photon model of the
relativistic electron has a number of features of the Dirac
electron, by design.</div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class=""> As to why the charged photon circulates helically
rather than moving in a straight line (in the absence of
diffraction, etc) like an uncharged photon, this could be the
effect of the charged photon moving in the Higgs field, which
turns a speed-of-light particle with electric charge into a
less-than-speed-of-light particle with a rest mass, which in
this case is the electron’s rest mass 0.511 MeV/c^2 (this value
is not predicted by the Higgs field theory however.) So the
electron’s inertia may also be caused by the Higgs field. I
would not say that an unconfined photon has inertia, although it
has energy and momentum but no rest mass, but opinions differ on
this point. “Inertia” is a vague term and perhaps should be
dropped— it literally means "inactive, unskilled”.</div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class=""> You said that a faster-than-light phase wave can
only be caused by a superposition of waves. I’m not sure this is
correct, since in my charged photon model a single plane wave
pattern emitted by the circulating charged photon generates the
electron’s faster-than-light phase wave of speed c^2/v . A group
velocity of an electron model may be generated by a
superposition of waves to produce a wave packet whose group
velocity equals the slower-than-light speed of an electron
modeled by such an wave-packet approach.</div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class="">with best regards,</div>
<div class=""> Richard</div>
<br class="">
<div>
<blockquote type="cite" class="">
<div class="">On Oct 14, 2015, at 7:14 AM, <<a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:davidmathes8@yahoo.com"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:davidmathes8@yahoo.com">davidmathes8@yahoo.com</a></a>>
<<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:davidmathes8@yahoo.com" class="">davidmathes8@yahoo.com</a>>
wrote:</div>
<br class="Apple-interchange-newline">
<div class="">
<div style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height:
normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent:
0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows:
auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;
background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family:
HelveticaNeue, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida
Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 16px;" class="">
<div class="">Albrecht</div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1444831758864_3458" class="">A
lepton with strong force...that is rather interesting. </div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1444831758864_3458" class=""><br
class="">
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1444831758864_3458" class="">I could
not find the DESY 2004 reference. Do you have it handy?</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1444831758864_3458" class=""><br
class="">
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1444831758864_3458" class="">David</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1444831758864_3291" class=""><br
class="">
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1444831758864_3291" class=""><br
class="">
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1444831758864_3292" class=""><br
class="">
</div>
<br class="">
<blockquote id="yui_3_16_0_1_1444831758864_3026"
style="border-left-width: 2px; border-left-style: solid;
border-left-color: rgb(16, 16, 255); margin-left: 5px;
margin-top: 5px; padding-left: 5px;" class="">
<div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1444831758864_3025"
style="font-family: HelveticaNeue, 'Helvetica Neue',
Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif;
font-size: 16px;" class="">
<div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1444831758864_3024"
style="font-family: HelveticaNeue, 'Helvetica Neue',
Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif;
font-size: 16px;" class="">
<div dir="ltr" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1444831758864_3023"
class="">
<hr class="" size="1"><font
id="yui_3_16_0_1_1444831758864_3022" class=""
size="2" face="Arial"><b class=""><span
style="font-weight: bold;" class="">From:</span></b><span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Dr.
Albrecht Giese <<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de" class="">genmail@a-giese.de</a>><br
class="">
<b class=""><span style="font-weight: bold;"
class="">To:</span></b><span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Richard
Gauthier <<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com" class="">richgauthier@gmail.com</a>>;
'Nature of Light and Particles - General
Discussion' <<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"
class="">general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a>><span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><br
class="">
<b class=""><span style="font-weight: bold;"
class="">Sent:</span></b><span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Wednesday,
October 14, 2015 5:40 AM<br class="">
<b class=""><span style="font-weight: bold;"
class="">Subject:</span></b><span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Re:
[General] research papers<br class="">
</font></div>
<div class="y_msg_container"
id="yui_3_16_0_1_1444831758864_3303"><br class="">
<div id="yiv2857717478" class="">
<div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1444831758864_3302"
class=""><font
id="yui_3_16_0_1_1444831758864_3301"
class="" size="+1"><big
id="yui_3_16_0_1_1444831758864_3300"
class="">Hello Richard,<br class=""
clear="none">
<br class="" clear="none">
I refer to your first reference given
below "The Charged-Photon Model of the
Electron ... ". Which I liked very much to
read, but without agreeing to everything
of it.<br class="" clear="none">
<br class="" clear="none">
The crucial thing seems to be the 'de
Broglie wavelength'. I can follow your
deduction. You take the energy and so the
momentum of the orbiting charged photon.
You calculate the wave number of the
photon from the momentum. Then you take
the actual component of the wave number in
the direction of the whole electron. And
the result is in fact the de Broglie
wavelength. - But what is the physics
behind that?<br class="" clear="none">
<br class="" clear="none">
If the electron moves slowly, the phase
speed is much more than c. In the case of
the electron at rest it is even infinite.
So, the whole wave oscillates with a fixed
phase until infinity. What kind of wave
can that be? Yes, a phase can move faster
than a material wave. But such a different
(and higher) phase speed can only be
caused by a superposition of waves. Who
contributes to this superposition? You
mention as an example that e.g. a pulse
can be understood as a superposition of a
collection of single waves. Correct. But
just in this case the length of the
resulting phase wave will never be
infinite. So, what is the physics behind?
I do not see an answer in your paper. And
I for myself have as well no answer to it.<br
class="" clear="none">
<br class="" clear="none">
The same is true for de Broglie. In his
paper of 1924 he deduces an equation for
the phase speed so that the de Broglie
wavelength, which has turned out to be
practical to describe scattering at double
slits etc, is the result of his
mathematical procedure. But de Broglie
himself states the lack of physical
understanding (as you also quote so in
your paper):<br class="" clear="none">
</big></font><br class="" clear="none">
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1444831758864_3317"
class="">
<div class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
id="yui_3_16_0_1_1444831758864_3316"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 8pt; line-height:
15.693333625793457px; font-size: 11pt;"><big
id="yui_3_16_0_1_1444831758864_3315"
class=""><big
id="yui_3_16_0_1_1444831758864_3314"
class=""><small
id="yui_3_16_0_1_1444831758864_3313"
class=""><span
id="yui_3_16_0_1_1444831758864_3312"
class="" lang="EN-US"><font
id="yui_3_16_0_1_1444831758864_3311"
class="" size="+2">„… so that the
present theory may be considered a
formal scheme whose physical
content is not yet fully
determined, rather than a
full-fledged definite doctrine.”</font></span></small></big></big></div>
<big id="yui_3_16_0_1_1444831758864_3320"
class=""><big
id="yui_3_16_0_1_1444831758864_3319"
class=""><small
id="yui_3_16_0_1_1444831758864_3321"
class="">So, even de Broglie admits in
his paper that this is a formal result
which does not represent really
understood physics. But despite of this,
Erwin Schrödinger has integrated this
"vague" approach into his famous
"Schrödinger equation". This is - as far
as I understand it - still the state of
QM today. Nothing better.<br class=""
clear="none">
<br class="" clear="none">
With this I do not want to criticise you
as I for myself have at present no
solution. This also answers your
question regarding the relation of my
model to the de Broglie wavelength.<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><br
class="" clear="none">
<br class="" clear="none">
I see it as a valuable goal for the
further development to find an answer (a<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><i
class="">physical<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i>answer!)
to the question of the de Broglie
wavelength.<br class="" clear="none">
<br class="" clear="none">
Apart of this I would like to ask the
following questions to your model with a
charged photon.<br class="" clear="none">
<br class="" clear="none">
- If this photon is orbiting in the
electron, by which force is it hold on
its orbit?<br class="" clear="none">
- The photon has a mass or a momentum
(which I find equivalent) in it. So it
has inertia. What is the mechanism which
causes this inertia?<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><br
class="" clear="none">
- A photon as we know it does not have
a charge. So this particle can be
understood to be a different one. Would
it not be better to give it a new name,
just for clarity?<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><br
class="" clear="none">
<br class="" clear="none">
You ask me why my particle model does
not only have one orbiting particle but
two? The answer is simply that this
explains the circular motion. One object
cannot move on a circular path without
any bind to something else.<br class=""
clear="none">
<br class="" clear="none">
And should not any electron model have
an answer to the fact that there is also
the strong interaction found in the
electron (DESY 2004)?<br class=""
clear="none">
<br class="" clear="none">
Best regards<br class="" clear="none">
Albrecht</small></big><br class=""
clear="none">
<br class="" clear="none">
<br class="" clear="none">
</big><br class="" clear="none">
<div class="yiv2857717478moz-cite-prefix"><big
class=""><big class=""><font class=""
size="+1"><big class=""><big class="">Am
05.10.2015 um 19:17 schrieb
Richard Gauthier:<br class=""
clear="none">
</big></big></font></big></big></div>
</div>
<div class="qtdSeparateBR"><br class="">
<br class="">
</div>
<div class="yiv2857717478yqt6255097049"
id="yiv2857717478yqt37850">
<div class=""><big class=""><big class=""><font
class="" size="+1"><big class=""><big
class="">Hello Albrecht,</big></big></font></big></big>
<div class="yiv2857717478"><big class=""><big
class=""><font class="" size="+1"><big
class=""><big class=""><br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</big></big></font></big></big></div>
<br class="" clear="none">
<blockquote type="cite" class="">
<div class="yiv2857717478"><big class=""><big
class=""><font class="" size="+1"><big
class=""><big class="">Thank you
for your further comments and
questions.<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</big></big></font></big></big>
<div class="yiv2857717478"><big class=""><big
class=""><font class="" size="+1"><big
class=""><big class=""><br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</big></big></font></big></big>
<div class="yiv2857717478"><big
class=""><big class=""><font
class="" size="+1"><big
class=""><big class="">De
Broglie's “harmony of
phases” argument is a
little hard to follow or
picture. His derivation is
given in my article at<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a moz-do-not-send="true"
rel="nofollow"
shape="rect"
class="yiv2857717478"
target="_blank"
href="https://www.academia.edu/9973842/The_Charged-Photon_Model_of_the_Electron_the_de_Broglie_Wavelength_and_a_New_Interpretation_of_Quantum_Mechanics">https://www.academia.edu/9973842/The_Charged-Photon_Model_of_the_Electron_the_de_Broglie_Wavelength_and_a_New_Interpretation_of_Quantum_Mechanics</a>
on p. 5 in the section
“Comparison of the
charged-photon derivation
to de Broglie’s
derivation”<span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="word-spacing:
-4px;">.</span> "Harmony
of phases" is generally
accepted. I’m quite
pleased that I was able
with simple math to derive
the electron's
relativistic de Broglie
wavelength without it. I
also derived the
electron’s relativistic
matter-wave equation A
e^i(kx-wt) for a free
relativistic electron from
the circulating charged
photon model, based on the
circulating charged photon
emitting a plane wave
along the charged photon’s
helical trajectory, with
the circulating charged
photon’s wavelength
h/(gamma mc) and frequency
f = (gamma mc^2)/h, using
the relation cos(theta) =
v/c where theta is the
forward angle of the
charged photon’s helical
trajectory. The
intersection of this
circulating plane wave
with the longitudinal axis
of the circulating charged
photon’s helical
trajectory generates the
electron’s matter-wave
equation with the
relativistic de Broglie
wavelength and phase
velocity c^2/v . </big></big></font></big></big></div>
<div class="yiv2857717478"><big
class=""><big class=""><font
class="" size="+1"><big
class=""><big class=""><br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</big></big></font></big></big></div>
<div class="yiv2857717478"><big
class=""><big class=""><font
class="" size="+1"><big
class=""><big class="">The
momentum of the
circulating charged photon
is p = gamma mc because
the energy E of the
circulating charged photon
is set equal the total
energy E of moving
electron E=gamma mc^2 and
the energy-momentum
relation for a photon is
p= E/c: p = E/c =
(gamma mc^2) / c = gamma
mc for the total momentum
of the circulating charged
photon along its helical
trajectory. This total
momentum's longitudinal
component along the
helical axis is p
cos(theta)= gamma mc x
v/c = gamma mv which is
the relativistic momentum
of the electron being
modeled by the circulating
charged photon. The
transverse component of
the charged photon's total
momentum is mc .</big></big></font></big></big></div>
<div class="yiv2857717478"><big
class=""><big class=""><font
class="" size="+1"><big
class=""><big class=""><br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</big></big></font></big></big></div>
<div class="yiv2857717478"><big
class=""><big class=""><font
class="" size="+1"><big
class=""><big class="">Since
your “basic particles”
don’t, as you state, have
relativistic behavior, why
not just have one
circulating light-speed
particle instead of two?
Insisting on conservation
of momentum between two
circulating non-physical
particles (for which there
is no experimental
evidence) doesn’t seem
logical.</big></big></font></big></big></div>
<div class="yiv2857717478"><big
class=""><big class=""><font
class="" size="+1"><big
class=""><big class=""><br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</big></big></font></big></big></div>
<div class="yiv2857717478"><big
class=""><big class=""><font
class="" size="+1"><big
class=""><big class="">For
your reference, my recent
article is at<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b
class="yiv2857717478"><a
class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.academia.edu/15686831/Electrons_are_spin_1_2_charged_photons_generating_the_de_Broglie_wavelength"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.academia.edu/15686831/Electrons_are_spin_1_2_charged_photons_generating_the_de_Broglie_wavelength">https://www.academia.edu/15686831/Electrons_are_spin_1_2_charged_photons_generating_the_de_Broglie_wavelength</a></a> .</b></big></big></font></big></big></div>
<div class="yiv2857717478"><big
class=""><big class=""><font
class="" size="+1"><big
class=""><big class=""><br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</big></big></font></big></big></div>
<div class="yiv2857717478"><big
class=""><big class=""><font
class="" size="+1"><big
class=""><big class="">No
one knows why the
electron’s rest mass is m
= E(resting electron)/c^2
= 0.511 MeV/c^2 . The
Higgs mechanism doesn’t
predict m. A photon
carrying the energy E of
the rest mass m of an
electron has energy hf =
E=mc^2 and momentum p=mc .
So mc is more fundamental
than m since this photon
is not at rest but has
momentum mc. If this
photon is then converted
into a resting electron,
this electron now has
internal invariant
circulating momentum mc
and a corresponding rest
mass m which the original
photon did not have. So
the photon's original
momentum mc, which
precedes the electron’s
formation, is more
fundamental than the
electron’s rest mass m.</big></big></font></big></big></div>
<div class="yiv2857717478"><big
class=""><big class=""><font
class="" size="+1"><big
class=""><big class=""><br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</big></big></font></big></big></div>
<div class="yiv2857717478"><big
class=""><big class=""><font
class="" size="+1"><big
class=""><big class="">with
best regards,</big></big></font></big></big></div>
<div class="yiv2857717478"><big
class=""><big class=""><font
class="" size="+1"><big
class=""><big class="">
Richard</big></big></font></big></big></div>
<div class="yiv2857717478"><big
class=""><big class=""><font
class="" size="+1"><big
class=""><big class=""><b
class="yiv2857717478"><br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</b></big></big></font></big></big></div>
<div class="yiv2857717478"><big
class=""><big class=""><font
class="" size="+1"><big
class=""><big class=""><br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</big></big></font></big></big></div>
<div class="yiv2857717478"><big
class=""><big class=""><font
class="" size="+1"><big
class=""><big class=""><br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</big></big></font></big></big></div>
<div class="yiv2857717478"><big
class=""><big class=""><font
class="" size="+1"><big
class=""><big class=""><br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</big></big></font></big></big></div>
<div class="yiv2857717478"><big
class=""><big class=""><font
class="" size="+1"><big
class=""><big class=""><br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</big></big></font></big></big></div>
<div class="yiv2857717478"><big
class=""><big class=""><font
class="" size="+1"><big
class=""><big class=""><br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</big></big></font></big></big></div>
<div class="yiv2857717478"><big
class=""><big class=""><font
class="" size="+1"><big
class=""><big class=""><br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</big></big></font></big></big></div>
<div class="yiv2857717478">
<div class="">
<blockquote class="yiv2857717478"
type="cite">
<div class="yiv2857717478"><big
class=""><big class=""><font
class="" size="+1"><big
class=""><big class="">On
Oct 4, 2015, at 2:01
PM, Dr. Albrecht
Giese <<a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de">genmail@a-giese.de</a></a>> wrote:</big></big></font></big></big></div>
<big class=""><big class=""><font
class="" size="+1"><big
class=""><big class=""><br
class="yiv2857717478Apple-interchange-newline" clear="none">
</big></big></font></big></big></blockquote>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
</div>
<div class="">
<div class="yiv2857717478">
<div class="yiv2857717478moz-cite-prefix"><big
class=""><big class=""><font class=""
size="+1"><big class=""><big
class="">Hello Richard,<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</big></big></font><font
class="" size="+1"><big class=""><big
class=""><br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
Am 02.10.2015 um 07:45 schrieb
Richard Gauthier:<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</big></big></font></big></big></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="">
<div class="yiv2857717478"><big class=""><big
class=""><font class="" size="+1"><big
class=""><big class="">Hello
Albrecht,</big></big></font></big></big></div>
<div class="yiv2857717478"><big class=""><big
class=""><font class="" size="+1"><big
class=""><big class=""><br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</big></big></font></big></big></div>
<div class="yiv2857717478"><big class=""><big
class=""><font class="" size="+1"><big
class=""><big class=""> Thank
you for your detailed
explanations. Yes, I will wait
for your quantitative derivation
of the relativistic de Broglie
wavelength from your electron
model. De Broglie’s original
derivation has the internal
frequency of his electron both
increasing (due to its energy as
gamma mc^2 = hf AND also
decreasing due to relativistic
time dilation. He managed to
reconcile both of these
frequencies by his ingenious
“harmony of phases”
relationship. Your electron
model only seems to have a
decreasing frequency with
increasing speed, where you say
this decreasing frequency is due
to time dilation. Without an
increasing internal frequency
proportional to the electron's
energy gamma mc^2 I think you
will have difficulty deriving
the relativistic de Broglie
wavelength. My model derives the
de Broglie wavelength value
h/(gamma mv) easily from the
relativistic wavelength h/(gamma
mc) of the circulating charged
photon whose frequency is given
by hf=gamma mc^2, without
referring to relativistic time
dilation.</big></big></font></big></big></div>
<big class=""><big class=""><font class=""
size="+1"><big class=""><big class="">These
are two questions or problems. One
is the increase of the internal
frequency of a particle at motion
despite of dilation. There is an
easy way to see how it in
principle works. I said earlier
that the dilation, so the
reduction of the internal
frequency, is over-compensated by
the Dopplereffect, which is
effective for an observer who
receives the particle.
Mathematically: If you divide the
Doppler function (the source
moving towards the observer) by
the square of the gamma function,
then the result is more than 1.
This shows that the Doppler effect
over-compensates the reduction of
the frequency by dilation at least
by gamma. The result should
however be exactly one. When I am
at home again (presently I am not)
I will investigate my literature
to get a precise result.<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
Thank you for your note about the
"harmony of phases". The idea
takes care of the problem that on
the one hand the frequency in an
elementary particle follows
E=mc^2=h*frequency, on the other
hand the de Broglie wavelength
does not follow this relation.
What is the reason for that? In my
present understanding the "harmony
of phases" was an ad hoc attempt
of de Broglie to solve this
problem mathematically. I do not
have the impression that it is
based on a true understanding of a
physical process. I shall come
back to this as soon as I am back
at home.<br class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</big></big></font></big></big>
<blockquote class="yiv2857717478"
type="cite">
<div class="yiv2857717478"><big class=""><big
class=""><font class="" size="+1"><big
class=""><big class=""> </big></big></font></big></big></div>
<div class="yiv2857717478"><big class=""><big
class=""><font class="" size="+1"><big
class=""><big class=""> You
say at one point: "We can
reorder this equation: m*R*c =
h(bar). The left side is now
the classical definition of
the orbital momentum at speed
= c.” But mc is not the
momentum of a particle with
rest mass traveling at c, i.e.
p = mv where v is replaced by
c. Could you have
misunderstood p=mc for the
relativistic equation for
momentum p = gamma mv for a
particle with rest mass m
traveling at velocity v but
never able to reach c.<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</big></big></font></big></big></div>
</blockquote>
<big class=""><big class=""><font class=""
size="+1"><big class=""><big class="">I
have referred to the classical
definition of angular momentum to
show that the spin can be
visualized for such a type of
model (i.e. my model). Of course
the units do not fit with exact
numbers. If we treat the model as
a classical gyroscope (what it
definitely not is) then this
equation describes the angular
momentum. In that case<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><i
class="yiv2857717478">m<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i>is
of course the<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><i
class="yiv2857717478">effective<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i>mass,
in this case however not
applicable in so far as there are
no single "masses" in this model.
(Mass is a dynamical process
within the whole.) The speed c is
not a problem in so far as the
"basic particles" do not have a
relativistic behavior.
Relativistic effects are caused by
the elementary particle as a whole
as particularly visible for the
phenomenon of dilation. But one
point results very clearly from
this view: The resulting angular
momentum (=spin) is independent of
other properties of the particle.
That is a physical result here,
not a result of some algebra. And
the numerical result is very close
to the correct one which is not a
matter of course.<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</big></big></font></big></big>
<blockquote class="yiv2857717478"
type="cite">
<div class="yiv2857717478"><big class=""><big
class=""><font class="" size="+1"><big
class=""><big class=""><br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</big></big></font></big></big></div>
<div class="yiv2857717478"><big class=""><big
class=""><font class="" size="+1"><big
class=""><big class="">
However, the momentum
quantity mc does appear in my
circulating charged photon
model as the invariant
transverse component of the
helically circulating charged
photon’s total momentum gamma
mc.<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></big></big></font></big></big></div>
</blockquote>
<big class=""><big class=""><font class=""
size="+1"><big class=""><big class="">Why
is the momentum<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><i
class="yiv2857717478">gamma mc</i>?
If the photon is subject to
relativistic effects, on which
level of your model is relativity
founded? The increase of<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><i
class="yiv2857717478">m<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i>by<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><i
class="yiv2857717478">gamma<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i>must
have some reason. Which reason is
it? (I do not see Einstein's
algebra as a reason.)<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</big></big></font></big></big>
<blockquote class="yiv2857717478"
type="cite">
<div class="yiv2857717478"><big class=""><big
class=""><font class="" size="+1"><big
class=""><big class="">The
longitudinal component of the
charged photon’s circulating
momentum is gamma mv, which is
the momentum of the
relativistic electron being
modeled by the circulating
charged photon. The transverse
momentum component mc
contributes to the spin hbar/2
of a slow moving or resting
electron composed of a
circulating photon at radius
hbar/2mc in this way: Sz = r
x p = hbar/2mc x mc = hbar/2 .
My charged photon model is a
generic charged photon model,
which needs a more detailed
charged photon model
incorporated into it that will
give the charged photon model
a spin hbar/2 also at
relativistic velocities, since
the electron has spin hbar/2
at all velocities. I have
such a possible charged photon
model that is internally
superluminal and has spin
hbar/2 at all energies, which
might be incorporated into the
generic charged photon model.</big></big></font></big></big></div>
</blockquote>
<big class=""><big class=""><font class=""
size="+1"><big class=""><big class="">This
is a collection of equations which
are listed here but not deduced or
substantiated. I guess that they
are (quantitative) consequences of
the foundations of your model. I
do not have details of your model
here at hand as I am not at home.
Is it difficult for you to give me
just a quick reference? - The
occurrence of superluminal speed
is a problem in so far as it
constitutes a new property which
is very different from present
understanding of physics. Better
if we do not need such
assumptions.<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</big></big></font></big></big>
<blockquote class="yiv2857717478"
type="cite">
<div class="yiv2857717478"><big class=""><big
class=""><font class="" size="+1"><big
class=""><big class=""><br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</big></big></font></big></big></div>
<div class="yiv2857717478"><big class=""><big
class=""><font class="" size="+1"><big
class=""><big class=""> You
asked if someone besides you
has an explanation of particle
inertia. This invariant
circulating transverse
momentum component p=mc in my
charged photon model of the
electron gives my electron
model an invariant rest mass m
and so this circulating
momentum component mc may be
the origin of inertia or rest
mass of material particles
like the electron.</big></big></font></big></big></div>
</blockquote>
<big class=""><big class=""><font class=""
size="+1"><big class=""><big class="">In
my understanding you put the logic
here upside down. You refer to the
momentum<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><i
class="yiv2857717478">p=mc</i>.
But here is<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><i
class="yiv2857717478">m<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i>the
origin of the momentum. So, if
mass is not defined, also this
expression is undefined. - Only
after the mass generation has been
found, it makes sense to talk
about momentum. No the other way
around.<br class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
Albrecht</big></big></font><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
</big><br class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</big>
<blockquote class="yiv2857717478"
type="cite"><br class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<div class="yiv2857717478">
<blockquote class="yiv2857717478"
type="cite">
<div class="yiv2857717478">On Oct 1,
2015, at 11:51 AM, Dr. Albrecht
Giese <<a moz-do-not-send="true"
rel="nofollow" shape="rect"
class="yiv2857717478"
ymailto="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de"
target="_blank"
href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de">genmail@a-giese.de</a>>
wrote:</div>
<br
class="yiv2857717478Apple-interchange-newline"
clear="none">
</blockquote>
</div>
</blockquote>
</div>
<div class="">
<div class="yiv2857717478">Dear Richard,<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<div
class="yiv2857717478moz-forward-container"><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
thank you for your list of explicit
questions. That makes it easy to answer
in a structured way. And I hope that my
answers can also answer some of the
other questions and doubts which came up
during the last days and mails.<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<br class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="">
<div class="yiv2857717478">Hello John and
Albrecht and all,</div>
<div class="yiv2857717478"><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
</div>
<div class="yiv2857717478"> Thanks John,
I stand corrected on the issue of your
electron model not falling off in lateral
size as 1/gamma. </div>
<div class="yiv2857717478"><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
</div>
<div class="yiv2857717478"> Albrecht, I
am still not satisfied with your electron
model for a number of reasons:</div>
<div class="yiv2857717478"><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
</div>
<div class="yiv2857717478">1) no
experimental evidence for multi-particle
structure of the electron even at high
energies.</div>
Yes, this model makes it difficult to show
experimentally this structure of the
electron. It is difficult by the reason that
both sub-particles do not have any mass. So
the particle cannot be decomposed by
bombardment, which is the normal way of
investigating a particle structure in high
energy physics (like a proton). On the other
hand it should not be a problem to accept
that a particle is big as a whole, but by a
scattering experiment only a sub-particle is
detected. That has a historical analogy in
the Rutherford experiment, where Rutherford
wished to measure the size of an atom but
found the size of the nucleus. In case of
the electron the experimenters look for the
size of the electron but find the size of
the basic particle.<br class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
However there is now indeed an experimental
evidence. As Frank Wilczek wrote in his
article in Nature, in a specific situation
(superconductivity in a magnetic field),
half-electrons were detected. In his
understanding it is a complete mystery. In
the view of this particle model not so much
a mystery.<br class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
An important theoretical argument for a pair
of sub-particles is the fact the there is an
internal motion (mag. moment, spin), but the
conservation of momentum must not be
violated. This needs at least 2
sub-particles.<br class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<blockquote class="yiv2857717478"
type="cite">
<div
class="yiv2857717478moz-forward-container">
<div class="yiv2857717478"><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
</div>
<div class="yiv2857717478">2) your
light-speed charged, massless
circulating particles carry no resting
inertia — why not just call them
circulating charged photons, and just
have one of them rather than two,
based on the lack of experimental
evidence for multi-particle structure
of the electron?<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
Arguments against a photon: A photon at c
has inertia. With this assumption the model
cannot work (look for the mechanism of
inertia). And a photon does not have a
single (or half) electric charge. And
scattering of other charged particles (like
quarks) at a photon would not display a size
< 10^-18. A photon cannot be that small.<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<br class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
Further the photon has spin of 1 h(bar), the
electron has 1/2 of it. If the electron
would be built by 2 photons, the combined
spin should be 0 or 2. Or there must be an
additional orbital momentum which is
otherwise not known in particle physics.
<blockquote class="yiv2857717478"
type="cite">
<div
class="yiv2857717478moz-forward-container">
<div class="yiv2857717478"><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
</div>
<div class="yiv2857717478">3) there is
no clear model of a photon in your
system (maybe I missed it) and how
electron-positron pair production of
your electron model and positron model
would emerge from a single photon in
the vicinity of a nucleus (a common
method of pair production).</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
I must admit that I do not have a consistent
model for a photon. I tend to the idea of de
Broglie that a photon is composed by 2
elementary particles. But I do not assume 2
neutrinos as de Broglie did but maybe of 4
basic particles in a very special
configuration. At least a photon has to have
positive and negative electric charges
inside, otherwise it would not react with
electric charges as it does.<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<br class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
If we assume that the photon is e.g. built
by 2 other particles which are similar to
electrons, pair production is quite
plausible. On the other hand, the generation
of elementary particles by interaction
processes, which should mean in this context
the generation of basic particles, needs
some additional understanding. My model just
uses generations like those but has no
explanation yet for them.<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<blockquote class="yiv2857717478"
type="cite">
<div
class="yiv2857717478moz-forward-container">
<div class="yiv2857717478"><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
</div>
<div class="yiv2857717478">4) the
two-dimensionality of your electron
model. Delta x in the third dimension
appears to be zero and delta Px in the
third dimension is also zero. So delta
x delta Px is also zero , a strong
violation of the Heisenberg
uncertainty principle. Is that a
problem for your model?</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
The orbital motion of the 2 sub-particles
goes on in a 2-dimensional area, that is
true. Problem with Heisenberg's principle?
(I prefer to say: the uncertainty relation,
because nature is not determined by
principles, as elementary particles etc. do
not have a mind so that they can understand
and follow principles.) The uncertainty is a
"technical" consequence of the de Broglie
wave which surrounds and guides a particle.
Such wave can only be determined with
uncertainty, that is the uncertainty found
in measurements. I do not see any
uncertainty in particles themselves as
everywhere when we can measure parameters in
an interaction, the conservation laws are
fulfilled without an uncertainty.
<blockquote class="yiv2857717478"
type="cite">
<div
class="yiv2857717478moz-forward-container">
<div class="yiv2857717478"><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
</div>
<div class="yiv2857717478">5) the fact
that your model’s lateral size doesn’t
decrease as electron speed increases.
Since the 2 particles still move at
light speed, this would require that
the frequency of their circulation
will reduce, rather than increase as
would be expected with the electron's
increasing energy as its speed
increases. That also leaves your high
energy relativistic electron model
about 100,000 times too big, compared
with high energy electron scattering
experiments.<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></div>
</div>
</blockquote>
Irrespective to which direction an electron
moves, the orbital frequency reduces by the
factor gamma. This is simple geometry and
the physical cause of dilation in SR. On the
other hand, if the electron moves towards
another object to undergo an interaction
there, then the other object experiences an
increase of frequency by the Doppler effect.
This Doppler effect over-compensates the
relativistic reduction. - By the way, this
consideration was the starting point for de
Broglie when he began to think about
elementary particles, which ended with the
Nobel price.
<blockquote class="yiv2857717478"
type="cite">
<div
class="yiv2857717478moz-forward-container">
<div class="yiv2857717478">To say that
electron scattering occurs in your
model with only one of the two
rotating point-like particles and the
other is pulled along without inertial
resistance doesn’t work for me and
seems very non-physical.<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
As the "other" sub-particle has no inertial
mass, it can follow any acceleration. This
is (also) covered by Newton's law of
inertia. But as both sub-particles are bound
to each other by a field which is subject to
the finite speed of light, the "other" one
causes the inertia of the whole
configuration by the delay of field
propagation. - It is essential for the
understanding of this model to understand
the underlying mechanism of inertia. See
further down.
<blockquote class="yiv2857717478"
type="cite">
<div
class="yiv2857717478moz-forward-container">
<div class="yiv2857717478"><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
</div>
<div class="yiv2857717478">6) the fact
that the electron’s z-component of
spin 1/2 hbar is not clearly present
in your model whose radius is the
reduced Compton wavelength hbar/mc and
not the Dirac amplitude hbar/2mc which
easily yields the electron’s spin 1/2
, zitterbewegung frequency,
double-looping in a resting electron
and the Dirac 720 degree rotational
symmetry of the electron. (This is the
same problem I see with John M’s
electron model, which also doesn’t
have a clear spin 1/2 hbar since its
radius is also hbar/mc and not
hbar/2mc .)</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
The sub-particles in this model are bound to
each other by a multi-pole field of the
strong force. This field causes the inertia
of the whole particle and so tries to
inhibit any change of the motion state. As
the sub-particles orbit at c and also the
binding field moves at c, the one
sub-particle does not receive the field of
the other one from the opposite direction of
the orbital motion, but the force has a
component in the direction of the
circumference of the orbit. This inhibits a
change of the orbital motion and causes so
an orbital momentum, i.e. a spin.<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<br class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
For an approximate calculation: The mass is
given by m = h(bar) / (R*c) . We can reorder
this equation: m*R*c = h(bar). The left side
is now the classical definition of the
orbital momentum at speed = c. - This is not
numerically applicable here as the model
does not function as a classical gyroscope.
But it shows how spin in principle works.<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<br class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
Regarding Dirac: What Dirac has done is
algebra, not physics. It is often very
practical to do algebra do solve physical
problems, but we should always be aware of
the fact that we have to trace the algebra
back to the physical processes behind the
calculation. And so also his period of 720
degrees is a kind of mathematical trick
helpful for some calculations. But the
physical space does in my understanding not
have a periodicity of 720 degrees.
<blockquote class="yiv2857717478"
type="cite">
<div
class="yiv2857717478moz-forward-container">
<div class="yiv2857717478"><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
</div>
<div class="yiv2857717478">7) the wave
nature of your model is not clear to
me. What in your model produces the
electron's quantum wave nature, and
how does your moving electron model
generate the relativistic de Broglie
wavelength quantitatively? Does it?
You seem to accept the pilot wave
concept of de Broglie-Bohm. Does your
electron model display quantum
non-locality and entanglement as
Bohm’s does and which is also strongly
experimentally supported?</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
The field which binds both sub-particles
propagates into any direction in space. So
it is existent also outside of this
configuration "electron". As the electron
circulates, it is an alternating field which
emits waves into the surrounding space. When
the particle moves, it takes the wave-field
with it. This guides the particle as
anticipated by de Broglie and, among other
effects, causes the scattering structure at
a double slit.<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<br class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
Non-locality and entanglement: This was my
original motivation to investigate
theoretical physics (originally I am an
experimentalist). But up to now I was not
successful to find an explanation for that.
- But that is another topic which has no
direct relation to my model. - It is a new
information for me that Bohm did have an
explanation for entanglement.<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<br class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
You are asking for the deduction of the de
Broglie wavelength. For presenting a
quantitative deduction I have to investigate
some more details, and so I ask you for some
patience. I shall come back to it.<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<br class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
Finally I would like to emphasize the fact
that this model is the only one which
explains inertia. As it is meanwhile
admitted by mainstream physics, the Higgs
model is not able to provide this. The
necessary Higgs field does definitely not
exist.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<br class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
The reason for mass is that any extended
object has inertia, independent of
"elementary masses" which may exist inside
an object. The reason is the finiteness of
the speed of light, by which binding fields,
which must be present in any extended
object, propagate. This is not an idea or a
wage possibility, but it is completely
unavoidable. Applied to a particle model, a
particle can only have inertial if it is
extended.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<br class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
Question: Does anyone of you all here has
another working model of inertia?<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<br class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
Here I should end today. But I will be happy
to get further - and critical - questions.<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<br class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
Best regards<br class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
Albrecht<br class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<blockquote class="yiv2857717478"
type="cite">
<div
class="yiv2857717478moz-forward-container"><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<div class="yiv2857717478">
<blockquote class="yiv2857717478"
type="cite">
<div class="yiv2857717478">On Sep
29, 2015, at 1:48 AM, John
Williamson <<a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:John.Williamson@glasgow.ac.uk"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:John.Williamson@glasgow.ac.uk">John.Williamson@glasgow.ac.uk</a></a>>
wrote:</div>
<br
class="yiv2857717478Apple-interchange-newline"
clear="none">
<div class="yiv2857717478">
<div class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-style: normal;
font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal;
letter-spacing: normal;
line-height: normal;
text-indent: 0px;
text-transform: none;
white-space: normal;
word-spacing: 0px;
background-color: rgb(255, 255,
255); direction: ltr;
font-family: Tahoma; font-size:
10pt;">
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px; font-size:
12pt; font-family: Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478">Dear
everyone especially Al,
Albrecht and Richard,</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px; font-size:
12pt; font-family: Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478">I have
been meaning to weigh-in for
some time, but term has just
started and I’m responsible
for hundreds of new
students, tens of PhD’s,
there is only one of me and
my mind is working on less
than ten percent capacity.<span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px; font-size:
12pt; font-family: Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478">I
think we have to distinguish
between what is know,
experimentally, and our
precious (to us) little
theoretical models. Please
remember everyone that
theory is just theory. It is
fun to play with and that is
what we are all doing. The
primary thing is first to
understand experiment – and
that is hard as there is a
huge amount of
mis-information in our
“information” technology
culture.</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px; font-size:
12pt; font-family: Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478">You
are right, Al, that Martin
has not carried out
experiments, directly,
himself, on the electron
size in both high energy and
at low energy, but I have.</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px; font-size:
12pt; font-family: Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478">I have
many papers, published in
the most prestigious
journals, on precisely those
topics. They HAVE had much
interest (in total more than
ten thousand citations). I
have sat up, late at night,
alone, performing
experiments<span
class="yiv2857717478"> <span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span></span>both with the
largest lepton microscope
ever made (The EMC
experiment at CERN) and with
my superb (best in the world
at the time) millikelvin
Cryostat looking at
precisely the inner
structure of single
electrons spread out over
sizes much (orders of
magnitude) larger than my
experimental resolution. It
is widely said, but simply
not true, that “no
experiment resolves the
electron size”.<span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span><span
class="yiv2857717478"> </span>This
comes, largely, from simple
ignorance of what the
experiments show. I have not
only seen inside single
electrons, but then used the
observed properties and
structure, professionally
and in widely published and
cited work, to design new
devices. Have had them made
and measured (in
collaboration with others),
and seen them thenwork both
as expected, but also to
reveal deeper mysteries
again involving the electron
size, its quantum spin, its
inner charge distribution
and so on. That work is
still going on, now carried
by my old colleagues and by
the rest of the world. Nano
– my device was the first
nanosemiconductor device.
Spintronics, designed the
first devices used for this.
Inner workings of spin , and
the exclusion principle
Martin and I hope to crack
that soon! Fun! All welcome!</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px; font-size:
12pt; font-family: Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478">Now
where Martin is coming from,
and where he, personally,
late at night etc … HAS done
lots of professional
experiments and has been
widely cited is in playing
the same kind of games with
light that I have done with
electrons. This means that,
acting together, we really
know what we are talking
about in a wide range of
physics. Especially particle
scattering, quantum electron
transport, and light. We may
be making up the theories,
but we are not making up a
wide and deep understanding
of experiment.</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px; font-size:
12pt; font-family: Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478">I take
your point – and you are so
right -that there are so
many things one would like
to read and understand and
has not yet got round to. So
much and so little time. Ore
papers written per second
than one can read per
second. There is, however,
no substitute for actually
having been involved in
those very experiments to
actually understand what
they mean.</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px; font-size:
12pt; font-family: Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478">So
what I am about to say is
not going to be “shooting
from the hip”, but is
perhaps more like having
spent a couple of decades
developing a very large rail
gun which has just been
loaded for its one-shot at
intergalactic exploration …</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px; font-size:
12pt; font-family: Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478">Now I
hope you will not take this
badly …<span
class="yiv2857717478"> <span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span></span>it is fun to
think about this but here
goes</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px; font-size:
12pt; font-family: Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478">Here
is what you said (<span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="color: rgb(31, 73,
125);">making you blue</span>):</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px; font-size:
12pt; font-family: Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana; color:
rgb(31, 73, 125);
background-color: white;">You
have not done an experiment,
but (at best) a calculation
based on some hypothtical
input of your choise. Maybe
it's good, maybe not.<span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px; font-size:
12pt; font-family: Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana;
background-color: white;">Not
so: I have done the
experiments! Myself. This is
exactly why I started
looking into the extant
models decades ago, found
them sadly lacking, and
hence set out to devise new
ones that did agree with
experiment at both low and
high energy. This is the
whole point! </span><span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size: 5pt;
font-family: Helvetica;
background-color: white;"></span></div>
<div class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana;
background-color: white;"> </span><span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size: 5pt;
font-family: Helvetica;
background-color: white;"></span><br
class="yiv2857717478webkit-block-placeholder" clear="none">
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px; font-size:
12pt; font-family: Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana;
background-color: white;">The
Sun scatters as a point only
those projectiles that don't
get close.</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px; font-size:
12pt; font-family: Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana;
background-color: white;">True,</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px; font-size:
12pt; font-family: Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana;
background-color: white;"><span
class="yiv2857717478"> </span>
So far, no scattering off
elecrtons has gotten close
enough to engage any
internal structure, "they"
say (I#ll defer to experts
up-to-date).<span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px; font-size:
12pt; font-family: Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana;
background-color: white;">Not
so. Lots of papers on this.
Some by me. See e.g.
Williamson, Timmering,
Harmans, Harris and Foxon
Phys Rev 42 p 7675. Also – I
am an expert (up to date) on
HEP as well. A more correct
statement is that no
high-energy scattering
experiment has RESOLVED any
internal structure in free
electrons. If this was all
you knew (and for many HEP
guys it seems to be) then
one might interpret this as
meaning the electron was a
point down to 10-18m. It is
not. It cannot be. It does
not have enough mass to
account for its spin (even
if at lightspeed) if it is
that small. Work it out!</span></div>
<div class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana;
background-color: white;"> </span><br
class="yiv2857717478webkit-block-placeholder" clear="none">
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px; font-size:
12pt; font-family: Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana;
background-color: white;"> <span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="color: rgb(31, 73,
125);">Nevertheless,
electrons are in constant
motion at or near the
speed of light
(Zitterbewegung) and
therefore at the time
scales of the projectiles
buzz around (zittern) in a
certain amout of space,
which seems to me must
manifest itself as if
there were spacially
exteneded structure within
the scattering
cross-section. Why not?</span></span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px; font-size:
12pt; font-family: Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana;
background-color: white;">Because
this is no good if one does
not have the forces or the
mechanism for making it
“zitter”.</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px; font-size:
12pt; font-family: Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana;
background-color: white;">More
importantly -experimentally-
because that is not what you
see. If it was just
zittering in space one could
see that zitter. What you
see (in deep inelastic
lepton scattering, for
example), is that there is
no size scale for lepton
scattering. That is, that no
structure is resolved right
down to 10^-18 metres. This
is NOT the same thing as an
electron being a point. That
is why one says (if one
knows a bit about what one
is talking about) that it is
“point-like” and not “point”
scattering. These qualifiers
ALWAYS matter. Point-like –
not a point. Charged photon-
not a photon. Localised
photon – not a photon.
Vice-Admiral- not an
admiral. Vice-president-
more a reason for not
shooting the president!</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px; font-size:
12pt; font-family: Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana;
background-color: white;">That
structure is not resolved
does NOT mean that the
electron is point.<span
class="yiv2857717478"> <span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span></span>This is widely
accepted as fact, but just
represents a (far too
widespread) superficial
level of understanding. Any
inverse-square, spherically
symettric force-field has
this property (eg spherical
planets if you do not
actually hit them). The real
problem is to understand how
it can appear spherically
symettric and inverse square
in scattering while ACTUALLY
being much much larger than
this. This is exactly what I
started out working on in
1980 and have been plugging
away at ever since. Exactly
that! You need to explain
all of experiment: that is
what this is all about. </span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px; font-size:
12pt; font-family: Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana; color:
rgb(31, 73, 125);
background-color: white;">Not
to defend Albrecht's model
as he describes it, but many
folks (say Peter Rowlands at
Liverpool, for example)
model elemtary particles in
terms of the partiicle
itself interacting with its
induced virtual image
(denoted by Peter as the
"rest of the universe").
This "inducement" is a kind
of polarization effect.
Every charge repells all
other like charges and
attracts all other unlike
charges resulting in what
can be modeled as a virtual
charge of the opposite
gender superimposed on
itself in the static
approximation. But, because
the real situation is fluid,
the virtual charge's motion
is delayed as caused by
finite light speed, so that
the two chase each other.
Etc. Looks something like
Albrecht's pairs.</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px; font-size:
12pt; font-family: Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana;
background-color: white;">Yes
I know. This is the same
kind of maths as “image
charges” used all the time
in modelling the solid
state. These are all models.
All models have features. We
need to confront them with
experiment. Problem with the
pairs is you don’t see any
pairs. If one of the pair
has zero mass-energy it is
not there at all. If there
was a pair, bound to each
other with some forces, then
one would see something
similar to what one sees in
proton scattering (see
below), and you do not. One
then has to explain why and
how this process occurs,
every time. You always (and
only) see one thing for
electrons, muons. You see a
single object for the
electron, and an internal
structure for the proton.
This is what your theory has
to deal with. Really.
Properly. In detail. At all
energies.</span><span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size: 5pt;
font-family: Helvetica;
background-color: white;"></span></div>
<div class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana;
background-color: white;"> </span><span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size: 5pt;
font-family: Helvetica;
background-color: white;"></span><br
class="yiv2857717478webkit-block-placeholder" clear="none">
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px; font-size:
12pt; font-family: Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana; color:
rgb(31, 73, 125);
background-color: white;">I
too havn't read your 97
paper yet, but I bet it's
unlikely that you all took
such consideration into
account.</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px; font-size:
12pt; font-family: Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana;
background-color: white;">You
could not know this, but his
could not be more wrong. We
did. You did not specify the
bet. Lets make it a beer.
You owe me (and Martin) a
beer! If you have not yet
read the paper by the time
we next meet I think you
should buy all the beers!
Deal?</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px; font-size:
12pt; font-family: Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana;
background-color: white;">The
whole point of the paper my
reason for leaving high
energy physics at all, the
seven years of work Martin
and I put into it to that
point, was exactly to
resolve this mystery – on
the basis of an “electron as
a localised photon”. My
subsequent work has been to
try to develop a proper
field theory to deal with
the problems inherent I the
old model (unknown forces)
and in the Dirac theory (ad
hoc lump of mass) (amongst
others). This is the point
of the new theory of light
and matter:an attempt to
sort all that out. You
should read it too! Do that
and I will buy you a beer!</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px; font-size:
12pt; font-family: Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana;
background-color: white;">Now
Richard, while I am
disagreeing with everyone I
am going to disagree with
you too! You keep saying
that the electron apparent
size scales with gamma – and
you keep attributing me with
agreeing with you (and
Martin and Viv and Chip).
Let me say this once and for
all: I DO NOT agree with
this.<span
class="yiv2857717478"> <span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span></span>Now Viv and
Chip must speak for
themselves, but I’m pretty
sure Martin would (largely –
though not completely) agree
me here.<span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span><span
class="yiv2857717478"> </span>I
have said this many times to
you – though perhaps not
specifically enough.<span
class="yiv2857717478"> <span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span></span>It is not
quite wrong – but far too
simple. It scales ON AVERAGE
so. I agree that it changes
apparent size- yes, but not
with gamma- no. How it
actually scales was
discussed in the 1997 paper,
and the mathematics of this
is explained (for example)
in my “Light” paper at SPIE
(see Eq. 19). Gamma = ½( x+
1/x). Also, this is amongst
other things, in Martin’s
“Light is Heavy” paper.
Really the apparent size
scales BOTH linearly AND
inverse linearly (as x and
1/x then). It is the average
of these that gives gamma.
This is how relativity
actually works. You do not
put things in, you get
things out. You need to look
at this and understand how
gamma is related. Best thing
is to go through the maths
yourself, then you will see.</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px; font-size:
12pt; font-family: Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana;
background-color: white;">The
bottom line is that the
reason one does not resolve
the electron size is that,
in a collision, this size
scales like light. It gets
smaller with increasing
energy. Linearly. Likewise
the scattering exchange
photon scales like light.
Linearly. The ratio for head
on collisions remains
constant – but the exchange
photon is always about an
order of magnitude bigger
that the electron (localised
photon). This is WHY it can
be big (10^-13 m)<span
class="yiv2857717478"> <span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span></span>and yet appear
small. I said this in my
talk, but I know how hard it
is to take everything in.</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px; font-size:
12pt; font-family: Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana;
background-color: white;">One
does not see internal
structure because of this
effect – and the fact that
the electron is a SINGLE
object. Not composite – like
a proton (and Albrecht’s
model).</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px; font-size:
12pt; font-family: Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana;
background-color: white;">Now
what would one see with
lepton scatting on protons?
I have dozens of papers on
this (and thousands of
citations to those papers) –
so this is not shooting from
the hip. Let me explain as
briefly and simply as I can.
Lock and load …</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px; font-size:
12pt; font-family: Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana;
background-color: white;">At
low energies (expresses as a
length much less than 10^-15
m or so), one sees
point-like scattering from,
what looks like, a
spherically symettric charge
distribution. Ok there are
differences between positive
projectiles (which never
overlap) and negative, but
broad brush this is so.
There is then a transitional
stage where one sees proton
structure – some interesting
resonances and an effective
“size” of the proton (though
recently this has been shown
to be (spectactularly
interestingly) different for
electron and muon
scattering! (This means
(obviously) that the
electron and muon have a
different effective size on
that scale). At much higher
energies one begins to see
(almost) that characteristic
point-like scattering again,
from some hard bits in the
proton. Rutherford atom all
over again. These inner
parts have been called
“partons”. Initially, this
was the basis –incorrect in
my view – of making the
association of quarks with
partons. Problem nowadays is
that the three valence
quarks carry almost none of
the energy-momentum of the
proton - - keeps getting
less and less as the
energies go up. I think this
whole quark-parton thing is
largely bullshit.
Experimentally!</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px; font-size:
12pt; font-family: Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana;
background-image: none;
background-attachment:
scroll; background-color:
white; background-position:
0% 0%; background-repeat:
repeat repeat;">Now Albrecht
you make some good points.
You are absolutely right to
quote the experiments on the
relativity of time with
clocks and with muons. You
are also right that one is
not much better off with
double loops (or any other
kinds of loops) than with
two little hard balls. This
is a problem for any model
of the electron as a loop in
space (Viv, John M, Chip,
John D – this is why the
electron cannot be a little
spatial loop – it is not
consistent with scattering
experiments!). Now this is a
problem in space-space but
not in more complex spaces
as Martin and I have argued
(see SPIE electron paper for
up to date description of
this – from my perspective).
It is more proper to say the
loops are in “momentum
space” though this is not
quite correct either. They
are in the space(s) they are
in – all nine degrees of
freedom (dimensions if you
like) of them. None of the
nine are “space”. For me,
they are not little loops in
space. In space they are
spherical. You are not
correct – as the DESY
director said and as I said
in the “panel” discussion-
that one would not “see”
this. One would. Only if one
of the balls were not there
( I like your get out of
saying that!), would one
observe what one observes.
In my view, however, if it
is not there it is not
there. I’m open to
persuasion if you can give
me a mechanism though!</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px; font-size:
12pt; font-family: Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana;
background-color: white;">Gotta
go ... need to sort out
tutorials ...<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px; font-size:
12pt; font-family: Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana;
background-color: white;">Regards,
John W.</span><span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size: 5pt;
font-family: Helvetica;
background-color: white;"></span></div>
<div class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478"> </span><br
class="yiv2857717478webkit-block-placeholder" clear="none">
</div>
<div class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; font-size: 16px;">
<hr class="yiv2857717478"
tabindex="-1">
<div class="yiv2857717478"
id="yiv2857717478divRpF633381"
style="direction: ltr;"><font
class="yiv2857717478"
size="2" face="Tahoma"><b
class="yiv2857717478">From:</b><span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span>General [<a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:general-bounces+john.williamson=glasgow.ac.uk@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:general-bounces+john.williamson=glasgow.ac.uk@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">general-bounces+john.williamson=glasgow.ac.uk@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a></a>]
on behalf of Dr. Albrecht
Giese [<a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de">genmail@a-giese.de</a></a>]<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<b class="yiv2857717478">Sent:</b><span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span>Monday, September 28,
2015 4:39 PM<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<b class="yiv2857717478">To:</b><span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span>Richard Gauthier;
Nature of Light and
Particles - General
Discussion<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<b class="yiv2857717478">Subject:</b><span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span>Re: [General]
research papers<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</font><br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</div>
<div class="yiv2857717478">Richard,<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
you have asked some
questions about my electron
model and I am glad to
answer them.<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
Does my model explain the
relativistic mass increase
of the electron at motion?
Yes it does. According to my
model the mass of an
electron is m=h(bar) / (R<sub
class="yiv2857717478">el</sub>*c),
where R<sub
class="yiv2857717478">el</sub>
is the radius for the
electron (which is equally
valid for all elementary
particles). Now, as the
binding field in the
electron contracts at motion
by gamma (as initially found
by Heaviside in 1888), also
the size of the electron
contracts at motion by
gamma. So the mass of the
electron increases by gamma
and also of course its
dynamical energy. - That is
very simple and elementary.
The same considerations
apply for the relativistic
momentum of the electron.<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
(This is all described in my
web site<span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span><a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.ag-physics.org/rmass"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.ag-physics.org/rmass">www.ag-physics.org/rmass</a></a><span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span>; you can also find
it via Google by the search
string "origin of mass".
There it is within the first
two positions of the list,
where the other one is of
Frank Wilczek; since 10
years we both are struggling
to be the number one.)<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
However, the contraction
only occurs in the direction
of motion. So the cross
section of the electron is
not changed by the motion.
And in so far this
contraction is not able to
explain the small size of
the electron found in
scattering experiments. -
Another point is that this
small size was also found in
scattering experiments at
energies smaller than 29
GeV. And, another
determination, in the
Penning trap the size of the
electron turns out to be
< 10^-22 m.<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
So there must be something
in the electron which is
much smaller than the
Compton wavelength. The
model of two orbiting
sub-particles is an
extremely simple model which
also explains a lot else.<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
Regarding the uncertainty
relation of Heisenberg, I
have a very "technical"
understanding of it as I
have explained it in our
meeting. There is nothing
imprecise within the
electron itself, only the
measurement has limited
precision. The reason is
simple. Normally an
interaction of the electron
is an interaction of its de
Broglie wave with another
object. This wave is a wave
packet, the size of which is
round about given by the
size of the
electron-configuration
(Compton wavelength); the
size of a wave packet is not
very precisely defined. And
on the other hand, the
frequency of a limited
packet is not precisely
measurable. The relation of
both limitations is well
known by electric engineers,
the rule is sometimes called
"Nyquist theorem". Now, as
the frequency is related to
the energy of the particle,
the Nyquist theorem is
identical with Heisenberg's
uncertainty relation; only
the interpretation of
quantum theorists is less
technical. They assume that
the physical situation
itself is imprecise, not
only the measurement. Here I
do not follow the QM
interpretation.<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
Albrecht<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<div
class="yiv2857717478moz-cite-prefix">Am
26.09.2015 um 19:57
schrieb Richard Gauthier:<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</div>
<blockquote
class="yiv2857717478"
type="cite">
<div class="yiv2857717478">Albrecht,
Al, Martin et al</div>
<div class="yiv2857717478"><br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</div>
<div class="yiv2857717478">
One solution that I
think John W, Martin,
Chip (I think), Vivian
(as I remember) and I
all agree on (I’m not
sure about John M’s
electron model) with our
electron models is that
the electron (as a
circulating light-speed
entity) decreases in
size with increasing
speed of the electron.
Just as a photon’s
wavelength (and
presumably also its
transverse size or
extent) decreases
proportionally as 1/E
with a photon’s energy
E=hf, a high energy
relativistic electron
(whose de Broglie
wavelength is nearly
equal to the wavelength
of a high energy photon
having the same total
energy as the high
energy electron) should
also decrease its
lateral size similarly
with its energy. The
lateral size of an
electron decreases as
1/gamma according to
John and Martin due to
energy considerations.
In my model the radius
of the charged photon’s
helical trajectory
decreases as 1/gamma^2
but with a more detailed
extended (internally
superluminal) model of
the charged photon also
decreases as 1/gamma . A
1/gamma decrease is
enough to match the high
energy (around 29GeV)
scattering size of an
electron found to be
< 10^-18 meters even
though the size of the
resting electron (on the
order of the Compton
wavelength) is around
10^-12 - 10^-13 m. So
this I think is a solved
problem with respect to
our models.</div>
<div class="yiv2857717478"><br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</div>
<div class="yiv2857717478">
I don’t know if
Albrecht’s electron
model decreases as
1/gamma with increasing
electron speed. I think
not. But Albrecht’s
model doesn’t I think
take into account that
the electron’s total
energy increases
proportionally with
gamma and so the
frequency of the 2
circulating mass-less
particles should also
increase proportionally
with gamma if the energy
of his model is to
correspond to the
experimentally measured
moving electron’s energy
E= gamma mc^2 . That
should require the
radius of the 2-particle
orbit to decrease with
his electron model’s
speed if the 2 orbiting
particles are to
continue to circulate at
light-speed. So
Albrecht's model’s size
should also decrease at
least as 1/gamma with
its speed,and the need
for the 2 massless
particles in his model
is unnecessary to
explain the small size
of the electron at high
speeds. As far as
conservation of momentum
requiring 2 circulating
particles, John W.’s
model proposes to solve
this with his p-vot
which causes the photon
to curve into a double
loop and produce the
electron’s rest mass (as
I understand it) and
charge. But also the
delta x delta p >
hbar/2 requirement of
Heisenberg’s uncertainty
principle for detectable
variability in position
and velocity means that
probably for any Compton
wavelength electron
model the amount of
violation of
conservation of momentum
of a single light-speed
photon-like object
looping around would not
be experimentally
detectable (and so
allowed since it is not
experimentally detected)
as being (like a virtual
particle in QED) under
the wire of the
Heisenberg uncertainty
principle.</div>
</blockquote>
<br class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<blockquote
class="yiv2857717478"
type="cite">
<div class="yiv2857717478">
Richard</div>
<br class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<div class="yiv2857717478">
<blockquote
class="yiv2857717478"
type="cite">
<div
class="yiv2857717478">On
Sep 26, 2015, at
8:57 AM, John
Duffield <<a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:johnduffield@btconnect.com"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:johnduffield@btconnect.com">johnduffield@btconnect.com</a></a>>
wrote:</div>
<br
class="yiv2857717478Apple-interchange-newline"
clear="none">
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478WordSection1"
style="font-family:
Helvetica;
font-size: 12px;
font-style:
normal;
font-variant:
normal;
font-weight:
normal;
letter-spacing:
normal;
line-height:
normal;
text-indent: 0px;
text-transform:
none; white-space:
normal;
word-spacing: 0px;
background-color:
rgb(255, 255,
255);">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman', serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;
color: rgb(31,
73, 125);">Albrecht:</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman', serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;
color: rgb(31,
73, 125);"> </span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman', serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;
color: rgb(31,
73, 125);">In
case Martin is
tied up,
here’s his
1997 paper:<span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span><a
class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.cybsoc.org/electron.pdf"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.cybsoc.org/electron.pdf">http://www.cybsoc.org/electron.pdf</a></a><span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span>co-authored with John
Williamson.<span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman', serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;
color: rgb(31,
73, 125);"> </span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman', serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;
color: rgb(31,
73, 125);">As
regards
electron size,
it’s field is
what it is. In<span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span><a
moz-do-not-send="true"
rel="nofollow"
shape="rect"
class="yiv2857717478"
target="_blank"
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_orbital#Electron_properties"
style="color:
purple;
text-decoration:
underline;">atomic
orbitals</a><span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span>electrons “exist as
standing
waves”.
Standing wave,
standing
field. We can
diffract
electrons. I
think the
electron has
size like a
seismic wave
has size. A
seismic wave
might have an
amplitude of 1
metre, and a
wavelength of
a kilometre.
But when it
travels from A
to B it isn’t
just the
houses on top
of the AB line
that shake.
Houses shake a
hundred miles
away. And that
seismic wave
is still
detectable on
the other side
f the Earth.
It’s not
totally
different for
an ocean wave,
see<span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span><a
moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" shape="rect" class="yiv2857717478"
target="_blank"
href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/Deep_water_wave.gif"
style="color:
purple;
text-decoration:
underline;">this
gif</a>. The
amplitude
might be 1m,
but that isn’t
the size of
the wave, nor
is the
wavelength.
The red test
particles are
still
circulating
deep below the
water.<span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman', serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;
color: rgb(31,
73, 125);"> </span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman', serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;
color: rgb(31,
73, 125);">Try
to imagine a
wave going
round and
round, in a
double loop,
then make it a
tighter loop.
Then have a
look at<span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span><a
moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" shape="rect" class="yiv2857717478"
target="_blank"
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_knot_theory"
style="color:
purple;
text-decoration:
underline;">some
knots</a>.
Photon
momentum is a
measure of
resistance to
change-in-motion
for a wave
propagating
linearly at c.
When it’s a
511keV wave
going round
and round at
c, we don’t
call it a
photon any
more. But it
still exhibits
resistance to
change-in-motion.
Only we don’t
call it a
momentum any
more. We call
it mass. Make
sure you read<span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span><a
moz-do-not-send="true"
rel="nofollow"
shape="rect"
class="yiv2857717478"
target="_blank" href="http://www.tardyon.de/mirror/hooft/hooft.htm"
style="color:
purple;
text-decoration:
underline;">this</a>.
It’s not the
Nobel ‘t
Hooft.<span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman', serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;
color: rgb(31,
73, 125);"> </span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman', serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;
color: rgb(31,
73, 125);">Regards</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman', serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;
color: rgb(31,
73, 125);">John
Duffield</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman', serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;
color: rgb(31,
73, 125);"> </span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="border-style:
solid none
none;
border-top-color:
rgb(225, 225,
225);
border-top-width:
1pt; padding:
3pt 0cm 0cm;">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><b
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;
color:
windowtext;"
lang="EN-US">From:</span></b><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;
color:
windowtext;"
lang="EN-US"><span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span>General [<a
class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="mailto:general-bounces+johnduffield=btconnect.com@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="mailto:general-bounces+johnduffield=btconnect.com@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">mailto:general-bounces+johnduffield=btconnect.com@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a></a>]<span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span><b
class="yiv2857717478">On
Behalf Of<span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span></b>Dr. Albrecht
Giese<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<b
class="yiv2857717478">Sent:</b><span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span>26 September 2015
15:46<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<b
class="yiv2857717478">To:</b><span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span><a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a></a><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<b
class="yiv2857717478">Subject:</b><span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span>Re: [General]
research
papers</span></div>
</div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman', serif;"> </div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm 12pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px;
font-size: 12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman', serif;">Hi
Martin, Al, and
all,<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
thank you all
for your
contributions.<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<u
class="yiv2857717478">Regarding
the size of
the electron:</u><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
As Al argued in
his example of
the sun: If the
scattered object
is passing by
without
touching, the
angular
distribution is
independent of
the size of the
object (for the
1/r^2 case). But
that changes if
the scattered
particle hits
the body of the
"ball". In a
last experiment
in 2004 at DESY
there was an
experiment
performed in
which electrons
were scattered
against quarks
(of a proton).
The "common"
size of both
particles
resulted in a
bit less than
10^-18 m. This
limit is given
by the ratio of
scattered events
which react
different from
the 1/r^2 rule.
- In this
experiment it
was also found
that the
electron is not
only subject to
the electric
interaction but
also to the
strong
interaction. I
think that this
is also
important for
assessing
electron models.<span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span><br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
This result of
the size seems
in clear
conflict with
the evaluation
of Schrödinger
and Wilczek
using the
uncertainty
relation.
Schroedinger
made the
following
statement to it:
"Here I have got
the following
result for the
size of the
electron (i.e.
the Compton
radius). But we
know that the
electron is
point-like. So,
I must have an
error in my
evaluation.
However, I do
not find this
error." So also
for Schrödinger
this was an
unsolvable
conflict.<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
I think that if
the electron
would be point
like on the one
hand but
oscillate far
enough so as to
fill the size of
the Compton
wavelength, this
would be a
violation of the
conservation of
momentum. Very
clearly, a
single object
cannot
oscillate. That
was also obvious
for Schrödinger
and clearly his
reason to call
the internal
motion
"Zitterbewegung".
This is a word
which does not
exist in the
German
vocabulary of
physical terms.
But Schrödinger
hesitated (by
good reason) to
use the German
word for
"oscillation".<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
On the other
hand, if the
electron is
built by two
sub-particles,
this solves the
problem. The
sub-particle is
point-like (at
least with
respect to its
charge), but
both
sub-particles
orbit each
other, which
reserves the
momentum law,
and the orbital
radius is the
reduced Compton
wavelength. -
The argument of
Martin that a
model of two
sub-particles is
"refuted by the
experiment" is
often heart but
not applicable
to my model. The
usual argument
is that a
sufficient
effort has been
done to
decompose an
electron by a
strong
bombardment.
This was also
done here at
DESY. But in my
model the
sub-particles
have no mass on
their own (the
mass of the
electron is
caused by the
dynamics of the
binding field).
And in such a
case one of the
sub-particles
may be
accelerated by
an arbitrary
amount, the
other one can
always follow
without any
force coming up.
A decomposition
by bombardment
is therefore
never possible.
- I have
discussed this
point with the
research
director of DESY
who was
responsible for
such
experiments, and
after at first
objecting it, he
admitted, that
my model is not
in conflict with
these
experiments.<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
Martin: Where do
I find your
paper of 1997?<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<u
class="yiv2857717478">Regarding
dilation:</u><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
There is a lot
of clear
indications for
dilation. Two
examples:<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
- The atomic
clocks in the
GPS satellites
are slowed down
which has to be
compensated for<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
- In the Muon
storage ring at
CERN the
lifetime of
these Muons was
extended by the
great amount ca.
250, which was
in precise
agreement with
special
relativity.<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
Contraction, on
the other hand,
is in so far
more a point of
interpretation
as it cannot be
directly
measured - in
contrast to
dilation.<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
Best wishes<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
Albrecht<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;">Am
26.09.2015 um
01:48 schrieb<span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span><a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de">af.kracklauer@web.de</a></a>:</div>
</div>
<blockquote
class="yiv2857717478"
type="cite"
style="margin-top:
5pt;
margin-bottom:
5pt;">
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;">Well!
The water I
was trying to
offer was:
might it not
be a good idea
to distinguish
clearly and
specifically
between the
size of a
point and the
size of the
volumn in
which this
point is
insessently
moving about.
If your 97
paper does
that, my
appologies.
Does it?
Forgive me, I
have over a
couple hundred
papers I'd
like to have
read and
digested
laying about,
I do my best
but still
can't get to
them all. The
chances are
better,
however, if a
paper attracts
lots of
attention
because it
predicted
something new
to be observed
empirically.
Did it? </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;">BTW,
I did not
imply that the
work I refered
to is better.
But, it (in
Rowland's
avantar) is
certainly as
extensive as
yours. In any
case, it
potentially
undermines
your
"shot-from-the-hip"
criticism of
Albrecht's
program by
introducing a
feature to
which neither
you nor John
refered to, in
my best
memory, at San
Diego. My
comment was
not intended
ad hominum,
but made on
the presumtion
that you too
have hundreds
of unread
papers
available. </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;">Best,
Al</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;"> <span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="border-style:
none none none
solid;
border-left-color:
rgb(195, 217,
229);
border-left-width:
1.5pt;
padding: 0cm
0cm 0cm 8pt;
margin: 7.5pt
3.75pt 3.75pt
7.5pt;
word-wrap:
break-word;">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin-bottom:
7.5pt;">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><b
class="yiv2857717478"><span class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family:
Verdana,
sans-serif;">Gesendet:</span></b><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;"> Freitag,
25. September
2015 um 19:56
Uhr<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<b
class="yiv2857717478">Von:</b> "Mark,
Martin van
der"<span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span><a
class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
href="mailto:martin.van.der.mark@philips.com"><a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:martin.van.der.mark@philips.com"><martin.van.der.mark@philips.com></a></a><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<b
class="yiv2857717478">An:</b> "Nature
of Light and
Particles -
General
Discussion"<span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span><a
class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"><a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"><general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org></a></a><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<b
class="yiv2857717478">Betreff:</b> Re:
[General]
research
papers</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;">Al,
just read what
i wrote. It is
not shooting
from the hip.
I am refering
to actual
experiments,
all cited in
the paper i
refered to.
Further, you
are just
repeating what
i said
already. I can
only bring you
to the water,
i cannot make
you drink. And
then you refer
to other
doubtfull
work, as id it
were better.
Good luck.</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;">Regards,
Martin<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
Verstuurd
vanaf mijn
iPhone</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;"><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
Op 25 sep.
2015 om 19:16
heeft "<a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de">af.kracklauer@web.de</a></a>" <<a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de">af.kracklauer@web.de</a></a>> het
volgende
geschreven:<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
</span></div>
</div>
<blockquote
class="yiv2857717478"
type="cite"
style="margin-top:
5pt;
margin-bottom:
5pt;">
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;">Dear
Martin,</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;">Perhaps
it's my Texas
background,
but I think I
sense some
"shoot'n from
the hip."</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;">You
have not done
an experiment,
but (at best)
a calculation
based on some
hypothtical
input of your
choise. Maybe
it's good,
maybe not. </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;">The
Sun scatters
as a point
only those
projectiles
that don't get
close. So
far, no
scattering off
electons has
gotten close
enough to
engage any
internal
structure,
"they" say
(I#ll defer to
experts
up-to-date).
Nevertheless,
electrons are
in constant
motion at or
near the speed
of light
(Zitterbewegung)
and therefore
at the time
scales of the
projectiles
buzz around
(zittern) in a
certain amout
of space,
which seems to
me must
manifest
itself as if
there were
spacially
exteneded
structure
within the
scattering
cross-section.
Why not?</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;">Not
to defend
Albrecht's
model as he
describes it,
but many folks
(say Peter
Rowlands at
Liverpool, for
example) model
elemtary
particles in
terms of the
partiicle
itself
interacting
with its
induced
virtual image
(denoted by
Peter as the
"rest of the
universe").
This
"inducement"
is a kind of
polarization
effect. Every
charge repells
all other like
charges and
attracts all
other unlike
charges
resulting in
what can be
modeled as a
virtual charge
of the
opposite
gender
superimposed
on itself in
the static
approximation.
But, because
the real
situation is
fluid, the
virtual
charge's
motion is
delayed as
caused by
finite light
speed, so that
the two chase
each other.
Etc. Looks
something like
Albrecht's
pairs.</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;">I
too havn't
read your 97
paper yet, but
I bet it's
unlikely that
you all took
such
consideration
into account.</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;">Best,
Al </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
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12pt;
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'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;"> <span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="border-style:
none none none
solid;
border-left-color:
rgb(195, 217,
229);
border-left-width:
1.5pt;
padding: 0cm
0cm 0cm 8pt;
margin: 7.5pt
3.75pt 3.75pt
7.5pt;">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin-bottom:
7.5pt;">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><b
class="yiv2857717478"><span class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family:
Verdana,
sans-serif;">Gesendet:</span></b><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;"> Freitag,
25. September
2015 um 18:44
Uhr<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<b
class="yiv2857717478">Von:</b> "Mark,
Martin van
der" <<a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:martin.van.der.mark@philips.com"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:martin.van.der.mark@philips.com">martin.van.der.mark@philips.com</a></a>><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<b
class="yiv2857717478">An:</b> "Nature
of Light and
Particles -
General
Discussion"
<<a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a></a>>,
"<a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:phys@a-giese.de"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:phys@a-giese.de">phys@a-giese.de</a></a>" <<a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:phys@a-giese.de"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:phys@a-giese.de">phys@a-giese.de</a></a>><br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<b
class="yiv2857717478">Betreff:</b> Re:
[General]
research
papers</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;
color: rgb(31,
73, 125);">Dear
Al, dear
Albrecht, dear
all,</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;
color: rgb(31,
73, 125);">In
the paper John
W and I
published in
1997, the
situation is
explained
briefly but
adequately.</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;
color: rgb(31,
73, 125);">Clearly
Albrecht has
not read it
or, perhaps he
did but does
not want to
understand it
because it
really
destroys his
work. This is
a double pity,
of course, but
we are talking
science, not
sentiment, and
I do not want
to take away
anything from
the person you
are Albrecht.</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;
color: rgb(31,
73, 125);">The
electron has a
finite size,
of the oder of
the Compton
wavelength,
but the
Coulomb
interaction is
perfectly
matched in ANY
experiment,
which means
there are no
internal bits
to the
electron and
that it
behaves as a
point-LIKE
scatterer, not
a to be
mistaken by a
POINT as is
done most of
the time. Note
that even the
sun has
point-like
scattering for
all comets
that go round
it, its
gravitational
field seems to
come from the
centre of the
sun. Until you
hit other
bits. There
are no other
bits for the
electron, but
at very high
energy the
4-momentum
exchange
combined with
the resolving
power at that
high energy
make that a
Compton-size
object CANNOT
be resolved in
principle, if
and only if it
is of
electromagnetic
origin.</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;
color: rgb(31,
73, 125);">The
electron is a
single thing,
of
electromagnetic
origin only,
there is NO
OTHER WAY to
fit the
experimental
results.</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;
color: rgb(31,
73, 125);">Well,
maybe there is
another way,
but I cannot
see it.
Certainly it
is not two
parts rotating
about each
other, because
that is
refuted by
experiment,
all those
models can go
in the bin and
are a waste of
time and
energy.</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;
color: rgb(31,
73, 125);">Regards,
Martin</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;
color: rgb(31,
73, 125);"> </span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial,
sans-serif;
color: navy;">Dr.
Martin B. van
der Mark</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial,
sans-serif;
color: navy;">Principal
Scientist,
Minimally
Invasive
Healthcare</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;
color: navy;"> </span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial,
sans-serif;
color: navy;">Philips
Research
Europe -
Eindhoven</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial,
sans-serif;
color: navy;">High
Tech Campus,
Building 34
(WB2.025)</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial,
sans-serif;
color: navy;">Prof.
Holstlaan 4</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial,
sans-serif;
color: navy;">5656
AE Eindhoven,
The
Netherlands</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial,
sans-serif;
color: navy;">Tel:
+31 40 2747548</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;
color: rgb(31,
73, 125);"> </span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="border-style:
solid none
none;
border-top-color:
rgb(181, 196,
223);
border-top-width:
1pt; padding:
3pt 0cm 0cm;">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><b
class="yiv2857717478"><span class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size:
10pt;
font-family:
Tahoma,
sans-serif;">From:</span></b><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma,
sans-serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span>General [<a
class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="mailto:general-bounces+martin.van.der.mark=philips.com@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="mailto:general-bounces+martin.van.der.mark=philips.com@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">mailto:general-bounces+martin.van.der.mark=philips.com@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a></a>]<span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span><b
class="yiv2857717478">On
Behalf Of<span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span></b><a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de">af.kracklauer@web.de</a></a><br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<b
class="yiv2857717478">Sent:</b><span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span>vrijdag 25 september
2015 18:05<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<b
class="yiv2857717478">To:</b><span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span><a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:phys@a-giese.de"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:phys@a-giese.de">phys@a-giese.de</a></a>;<span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span><a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a></a><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<b
class="yiv2857717478">Cc:</b><span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span>Nature of Light and
Particles -
General
Discussion<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<b
class="yiv2857717478">Subject:</b><span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span>Re: [General]
research
papers</span></div>
</div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"> </div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;">Gentelmen:</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;">Shouldn't
a clear and
explicit
distinction
between the
"size" of the
electron and
the "extent"
of its
Zitterbewegung
be made. My
best info,
perhaps not
up-to-date, is
that although
scattering
experiments
put an upper
limit on the
size
(10^-19m),
there exists
in fact no
evidence that
the electron
has any finite
size
whatsoever.
This is in
contrast to
the space it
consumes with
its
Zitter-motion,
which is what
would be
calculated
using QM
(Heisenberg
uncertanty
mostly).
Seems to me
that most of
what folks
theorize about
is the latter,
without saying
so, and
perhaps often
without even
recognizing
it. However,
since the
Zitter volumn
will cause
electrons to
be moving
targets, it
must also have
some effect on
its scatering
cross-section
too. I don't
know how this
is sorted out
in scattering
calculations---if
at all.
(Albrectht?)</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;">Correct
me if I'm
wrong. Best,
Al</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm
0.0001pt;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
'Times New
Roman',
serif;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;"> <span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="border-style:
none none none
solid;
border-left-color:
rgb(195, 217,
229);
border-left-width:
1.5pt;
padding: 0cm
0cm 0cm 8pt;
margin: 7.5pt
3.75pt 3.75pt
7.5pt;">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin-bottom:
7.5pt;">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><b
class="yiv2857717478"><span class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family:
Verdana,
sans-serif;">Gesendet:</span></b><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;"> Freitag,
25. September
2015 um 15:06
Uhr<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<b
class="yiv2857717478">Von:</b> "Dr.
Albrecht
Giese" <<a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de">genmail@a-giese.de</a></a>><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<b
class="yiv2857717478">An:</b> "Richard
Gauthier" <<a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com">richgauthier@gmail.com</a></a>>,<span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span><a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:phys@a-giese.de"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:phys@a-giese.de">phys@a-giese.de</a></a><br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<b
class="yiv2857717478">Cc:</b> "Nature
of Light and
Particles -
General
Discussion"
<<a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a></a>><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<b
class="yiv2857717478">Betreff:</b> Re:
[General]
research
papers</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;">Hello
Richard,<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
according to
present
mainstream
physics the
size of the
electron is
not more than
10^-19 m. This
is concluded
from
scattering
experiments
where the size
of the
electric
charge is the
quantity of
influence.<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
As present
mainstream
physics
(including the
QED of
Feynman)
assume that
the electron
has no
internal
structure and
that the
electric force
is the only
one effective,
this size is
identified
with the size
of the whole
electron. This
is in severe
conflict with
the
calculations
of Schrödinger
and of Wilczek
based on QM.<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
I have the
impression
that several
of us
(including me)
have models of
the electron
which assume
some extension
roughly
compatible
with the QM
calculations.<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
Some details
of my model
related to
this question:
Here the
electron is
built by 2
sub-particles
("basic
particles")
which orbit
each other at
c. The
electric force
is not the
only force
inside. The
radius
following from
the magnetic
moment is the
reduced
Compton
wavelength,
and the mass
of the
electron
follows with
high precision
from this
radius. At
motion the
size decreases
by the
relativistic
factor gamma,
and so the
mass increases
by this
factor. -
However there
was always a
point of a
certain
weakness in my
model: I could
not prove that
the electron
is built by
just 2
sub-particles
carrying 1/2
elementary
charge each.
Now Wilczek
writes in his
article that
in certain
circumstances
-
superconductivity
in the
presence of a
magnetic field
- the electron
is decomposed
into two
halves. This
is the result
of
measurements.
How can this
happen with a
point-like
particle? This
is a mystery
for Wilczek.
But in the
view of my
model it is no
mystery but
quite
plausible. It
only needs now
a quantitative
calculation of
this process
which I
presently do
not have.<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
All the best
to you<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
Albrecht<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;">Am
23.09.2015 um
19:02 schrieb
Richard
Gauthier:</span></div>
</div>
<blockquote
class="yiv2857717478"
type="cite"
style="margin-top:
5pt;
margin-bottom:
5pt;">
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;">Hello
Albrecht,</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;">
Yes, all of
our electron
models here
have a radius
related to the
Compton
wavelength.
Dirac’s
zitterbewegung
amplitude is
1/2 of the
reduced
Compton
wavelength, or
hbar/2mc ,
which is the
radius of the
generic
circulating
charged
photon’s
trajectory in
my circulating
spin 1/2
charged photon
model for a
resting
electron. That
radius
decreases by a
factor of
gamma^2 in a
moving
electron. Does
yours?
Incorporating
a more
detailed spin
1/2 charged
photon model
with the
generic model
could bring
the model's
radius up to
the reduced
Compton
wavelength
hbar/mc.</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;">
all the
best,</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;">
Richard</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;"> <span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<blockquote
class="yiv2857717478"
type="cite"
style="margin-top:
5pt;
margin-bottom:
5pt;">
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;">On
Sep 22, 2015,
at 11:13 AM,
Dr. Albrecht
Giese <<a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de">genmail@a-giese.de</a></a>> wrote:</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;"> <span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;">Dear
Richard,<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
thank you for
this reference
to the article
of Frank
Wilczek.<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
He has a
quantum
mechanical
argument to
determine a
size for the
electron. It
is the
application of
the
uncertainty
relation to
the magnetic
moment of the
electron. The
result is as
you write: 2.4
x 10^-12 m,
which is the
Compton
wavelength of
the electron.<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
This is a bit
similar to the
way as Erwin
Schrödinger
has determined
the size of
the electron
using the
Dirac function
in 1930. There
Schrödinger
determined the
"amplitude of
the
zitterbewegung"
also applying
the
uncertainty
relation to
the rest
energy of the
electron. It
was "roughly"
10^-13 m,
which also
meant in his
words the
Compton
wavelength of
the electron.<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
In my electron
model its
radius is 3.86
x 10^-13 m,
which is
exactly the
"reduced"
Compton
wavelength.
But here it is
not an
expectation
value as in
the cases of
Wilczek and
Schrödinger
but the exact
radius of the
orbits of the
basic
particles.<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
Thank you
again and best
wishes<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
Albrecht<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;">Am
21.09.2015 um
05:01 schrieb
Richard
Gauthier:</span></div>
</div>
<blockquote
class="yiv2857717478"
type="cite"
style="margin-top:
5pt;
margin-bottom:
5pt;">
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;">This
2013 Nature
comment “The
enigmatic
electron” by
Frank Wilczek
at <a
class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.nature.com/articles/498031a.epdf?referrer_access_token=ben9To-3oo1NBniBt2zIw9RgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0Mr0WZkh3ZGwaOU__QIZA8EEsfyjmdvPM68ya-MFh194zghek6jh7WqtGYeYWmES35o2U71x2DQVk0PFLoHQk5V5M-cak670GmcqKy2iZm7PPrWZKcv_J3SBA-hRXn4VJI1r9NxMvgmKog-topZaM03&tracking_referrer=www.nature.com"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.nature.com/articles/498031a.epdf?referrer_access_token=ben9To-3oo1NBniBt2zIw9RgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0Mr0WZkh3ZGwaOU__QIZA8EEsfyjmdvPM68ya-MFh194zghek6jh7WqtGYeYWmES35o2U71x2DQVk0PFLoHQk5V5M-cak670GmcqKy2iZm7PPrWZKcv_J3SBA-hRXn4VJI1r9NxMvgmKog-topZaM03&tracking_referrer=www.nature.com">http://www.nature.com/articles/498031a.epdf?referrer_access_token=ben9To-3oo1NBniBt2zIw9RgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0Mr0WZkh3ZGwaOU__QIZA8EEsfyjmdvPM68ya-MFh194zghek6jh7WqtGYeYWmES35o2U71x2DQVk0PFLoHQk5V5M-cak670GmcqKy2iZm7PPrWZKcv_J3SBA-hRXn4VJI1r9NxMvgmKog-topZaM03&tracking_referrer=www.nature.com</a></a> is
worth a look.
He states that
due to QM
effects, the
size of the
electron is
about 2.4 x
10^-12 m,
which is
roughly in the
range of some
of our
electron
models.</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;">
Richard</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;"> <span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<blockquote
class="yiv2857717478"
type="cite"
style="margin-top:
5pt;
margin-bottom:
5pt;">
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;">On
Sep 16, 2015,
at 12:59 PM,
Wolfgang Baer
<<a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:wolf@nascentinc.com"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:wolf@nascentinc.com">wolf@nascentinc.com</a></a>> wrote:</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;"> <span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Helvetica,
sans-serif;
background-color:
white;">I
should add you
sent me
Main-2014.pdf
and that may
be the one not
available on
the web sight.</span><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size:
9pt;
font-family:
Helvetica,
sans-serif;
background-color:
white;">I was
looking for a
similar one
that included
the other
topics as
well.</span><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Helvetica,
sans-serif;"><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="background-color:
white;">If you
do not have
it, its OK, I
just like
reading from
paper.</span><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="background-color:
white;">best
wishes,</span><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="background-color:
white;">Wolf</span></span><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size:
9pt;
font-family:
Verdana,
sans-serif;"> <span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></div>
<pre class="yiv2857717478" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; background-color: white;">Dr. Wolfgang Baer</pre>
<pre class="yiv2857717478" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; background-color: white;">Research Director</pre>
<pre class="yiv2857717478" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; background-color: white;">Nascent Systems Inc.</pre>
<pre class="yiv2857717478" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; background-color: white;">tel/fax 831-659-3120/0432</pre>
<pre class="yiv2857717478" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; background-color: white;">E-mail <span class="yiv2857717478" style="color: purple;"><a moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" shape="rect" class="yiv2857717478" ymailto="mailto:wolf@NascentInc.com" target="_blank" href="mailto:wolf@NascentInc.com" style="color: purple; text-decoration: underline;">wolf@NascentInc.com</a></span></pre>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Helvetica,
sans-serif;">On
9/14/2015
12:45 PM, Dr.
Albrecht Giese
wrote:</span></div>
</div>
<blockquote
class="yiv2857717478"
type="cite"
style="margin-top:
5pt;
margin-bottom:
5pt;
word-spacing:
0px;">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Helvetica,
sans-serif;">John,<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
You wrote a
long text, so
I will enter
my answers
within your
text.</span><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size:
9pt;
font-family:
Helvetica,
sans-serif;"> <span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Helvetica,
sans-serif;">Am
14.09.2015 um
02:54 schrieb
John Macken:</span></div>
</div>
<blockquote
class="yiv2857717478"
type="cite"
style="margin-top:
5pt;
margin-bottom:
5pt;">
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">Hello
David and
Albrecht,</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">It was
through the
contact with
this group
that I was
finally able
to understand
the disconnect
that existed
between my
idea of vacuum
energy and the
picture that
others were
obtaining from
my use of the
term
“energy”.
Many of the
mysteries of
quantum
mechanics and
general
relativity can
be traced to
the fact that
fields exist
and yet we do
not have a
clear idea of
what they
are. My
answer is that
we live within
a sea of
vacuum
activity which
is the
physical basis
of the
mysterious
fields. I
combine all
fields into a
single
“spacetime
field” which
is the basis
of all
particles,
fields and
forces.<span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span></span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><b
class="yiv2857717478"><span class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family:
Calibri,
sans-serif;">David</span></b><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">, you
asked about
the words<span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span>quantum, quantifying
and
quantizing. I
did a word
search and I
did not use
the word
“quantizing”
in either the
email or the
attachment to
my last post.
However, the
paper<span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span><i
class="yiv2857717478">Energetic Spacetime: The New Aether</i><span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span>submitted
to SPIE as
part of the
conference
presentation,
used and
defines the
word
“quantization”.
This paper was
attached to
previous
posts, and is
available at
my website: <span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span><a
class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://onlyspacetime.com/"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://onlyspacetime.com/">http://onlyspacetime.com/</a></a></span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><b
class="yiv2857717478"><span class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family:
Calibri,
sans-serif;">Albrecht</span></b><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">: I can
combine my
answer to you
with the
clarification
for David of
the word
“quantify” and
its
derivatives.
I claim that
my model of
the universe
“quantifies”
particles and
fields. I
will start my
explanation of
this concept
by giving
examples of
models which
do not
“quantify”
particles and
fields. There
have been
numerous
particle
models from
this group and
others which
show an
electron model
as two balls
orbiting
around a
center of
mass. Most of
the group
identifies
these balls as
photons but
Albrecht names
the two balls
“charges of
the strong
force”. Both
photons and
charges of
strong force
are just
words. To be
quantifiable,
it is
necessary to
describe the
model of the
universe which
gives the
strong force
or the
electromagnetic
force. What
exactly are
these? How
much energy
and energy
density does
one charge of
strong force
have? Can a
photon occupy
a volume
smaller than a
reduced
Compton
wavelength in
radius? Does a
muon have the
same basic
strong force
charge but
just rotate
faster? Are
the charges of
strong force
or photons
made of any
other more
basic
component?</span></div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-family:
Helvetica,
sans-serif;">Regarding
charge: This
is a basic
entity in my
model. At some
point a
physical
theory has to
start. My
model starts
with the
assumption
that a charge
is an "atomic"
entity, so
possibly
point-like,
which emits
exchange
particles (in
this point I
follow the
general
understanding
of QM). There
are two types
of charges:
the electric
ones which we
are very
familiar with,
having two
signs, and the
strong ones,
which are not
so obvious in
everyday
physics; they
also have two
signs. In the
physical
nature we find
the charges of
the strong
force only in
configurations
made of those
different
signs, never
isolated. This
is in contrast
to the
electric
charges.<span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span><br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
The basic
particles are
composed of a
collection of
charges of the
strong force
so that both
basic
particles are
bound to each
other in a way
that they keep
a certain
distance. This
distance
characterizes
an elementary
particle. In
several (or
most) cases
there is
additionally
an electric
charge in the
basic
particle.<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
The two
parameters I
have to set -
or to find -
are the shape
of the strong
field in the
elementary
particle. Here
I have defined
an equation
describing a
minimum
multi-pole
field to make
the elementary
particle
stable. The
other setting
is the
strength of
this field.
This strength
can be found
e.g. using the
electron
because the
electron is
well known and
precisely
measured. This
field is then
applicable for
all leptons as
well as for
all quarks. It
is also
applicable for
the photon
with the
restriction
that there may
be a
correction
factor caused
by the fact
that the
photon is not
fundamental in
the sense of
this model but
composed of
(maybe) two
other
particles.<span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span><br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
The size of
the photon is
(at least
roughly)
described by
its
wavelength.
This follows
from the mass
formula
resulting from
my model, as
with this
assumption the
(dynamic) mass
of the photon
is the correct
result.<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
As I wrote,
the results of
this model are
very precise,
the prove is
in practice
only limited
by limitations
of the
measurement
processes.</span><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Helvetica,
sans-serif;"></span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">I could
go on with
more questions
until it is
possible to
calculate the
properties of
an electron
from the
answers. So
far both
models lack
any
quantifiable
details except
perhaps a
connection to
the particle’s
Compton
frequency. I
am not
demanding
anything more
than I have
already done.
For example, I
cannot
calculate the
electron’s
Compton
frequency or
the fine
structure
constant.
However, once
I install
these into the
model that I
create, and
combine this
with the
properties of
the spacetime
field, then I
get an
electron.
Installing a
muon’s Compton
frequency
generates a
muon with the
correct
electric
field,
electrostatic
force,
curvature of
spacetime,
gravitational
force and de
Broglie
waves. I am
able to
quantify the
distortion of
spacetime
produced by a
charged
particle, an
electric field
and a photon.
I am able to
test these
models and
show that they
generate both
the correct
energy density
and generate a
black hole
when we reach
the distortion
limits of the
spacetime
field.<span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span></span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Helvetica,
sans-serif;">In
my model the
Compton
frequency of
the electron
(and of the
other leptons)
follows
directly from
the size of
the particle
and the fact
that the basic
particle move
with c. The
fine structure
constant tells
us the
relation of
the electric
force to the
strong force.
This
explanation
follows very
directly from
this model,
however was
also found by
other
theorists
using algebra
of particle
physics.<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
Another result
of the model
is that
Planck's
constant -
multiplied by
c - is the
field constant
of the strong
force. Also
this is the
result of
other models
(however not
of mainstream
physics).<span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">My model
starts with a
quantifiable
description of
the properties
of spacetime.
The spacetime
model has a
specific
impedance
which
describes the
properties of
waves that can
exist in
spacetime.
Then the
amplitude and
frequency of
the waves in
spacetime is
quantified.
This
combination
allows the
energy density
of spacetime
to be
calculated and
this agrees
with the
energy density
of zero point
energy. The
particle
models are
then defined
as ½<span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span>ħ<span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span>units of quantized
angular
momentum
existing in
the spacetime
field. This
model is
quantifiable
as to size,
structure,
energy, etc.
Also the fact
that the rate
of time and
proper volume
is being
modulated, it
is possible to
calculate the
effect that
such a
structure
would have on
the
surrounding
volume of
spacetime. It
is possible to
calculate the
effect if the
spacetime-based
particle model
would have if
the coupling
constant was
equal to 1
(Planck
charge), To
get charge<span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span><i
class="yiv2857717478">e</i>,
it is
necessary to
manually
install the
fine structure
constant. <span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span></span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Helvetica,
sans-serif;">How
do you get the
value<span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;">½<span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span>ħ</span><span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Helvetica,
sans-serif;"> </span></span><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Helvetica,
sans-serif;">for
the angular
momentum? What
is the
calculation
behind it? - I
understand
that in your
model the
electric
charge is a
parameter
deduced from
other facts.
Which ones?
From alpha?
How do you
then get
alpha?<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
I personally
have in so far
a problem with
all
considerations
using
spacetime as I
have quite
thoroughly
investigated
how Einstein
came to the
idea of this
4-dimentional
construct. His
main
motivation was
that he wanted
in any case to
avoid an
ether. And in
his
discussions
with Ernst
Mach he had to
realize that
he was running
into a lot of
problems with
this
assumption. He
could solve
these problems
in general by
his "curved
spacetime".
But this
concept still
causes logical
conflicts
which are
eagerly
neglected by
the followers
of Einstein's
relativity
(and which do
not exist in
the Lorentzian
way of
relativity).<span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">The
quantifiable
properties of
spacetime
imply that
there should
be boundary
conditions
which imply
that the waves
in spacetime
should be
nonlinear.
When the
nonlinear
component is
calculated and
treated as
separate
waves, the
characteristics
of the
particle’s
gravitational
field are
obtained
(correct:
curvature,
effect on the
rate of time,
force and
energy
density).</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">In my
last post I
have given an
answer about
the factor of
10<sup
class="yiv2857717478">120</sup><span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span>difference between
the observable
energy density
of the
universe and
the
non-observable
energy of the
universe.
This
non-observable
energy density
is absolutely
necessary for
QED
calculations,
zero point
energy, the
uncertainty
principle,
Lamb shift,
spontaneous
emission and
quantum
mechanics in
general. This
non-observable
energy density
is responsible
for the
tremendously
large
impedance of
spacetime c<sup
class="yiv2857717478">3</sup>/G. Since I can also show how this
non-observable
energy density
is obtainable
from
gravitational
wave
equations, it
is necessary
for<span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span><b
class="yiv2857717478">you</b><span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span>to
show how all
these effects
can be
achieved
without
spacetime
being a single
field with
this
non-observable
energy
density. In
fact, the name
non-observable
only applied
to direct
observation.
The indirect
evidence is
everywhere.
It forms the
basis of the
universe and
therefore is
the
“background
noise” of the
universe. For
this reason it
is not
directly
observable
because we can
only detect
differences in
energy. The
constants<span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span><i
class="yiv2857717478">c,</i><span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span><i
class="yiv2857717478">G</i>,<span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span><i
class="yiv2857717478">ħ</i><span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span>and<span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span><i
class="yiv2857717478">ε<sub class="yiv2857717478">o</sub></i><span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span>testify
that spacetime
is not an
empty void. <span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span></span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Helvetica,
sans-serif;">Up
to now I did
not find any
necessity for
zero-point
energy. And I
find it a
dangerous way
to assume
physical facts
which cannot
be observed.
The greatest
argument in
favour of this
energy is its
use in Feynman
diagrams. But
is there
really no
other way? I
have a lecture
of Feynman
here where he
states that
his formalism
has good
results. But
that he has no
physical
understanding
why it is
successful. In
my
understanding
of the
development of
physics this
is a weak
point.<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
The
discrepancy of
10^120 between
assumed and
observed
energy is
taken as a
great and
unresolved
problem by
present main
stream
physics. Those
representatives
would have all
reason to find
a solution to
keep present
QM clean. But
they are not
able to. This
causes me some
concern.<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
The constants
you have
listed: c is
the speed of
light what
ever the
reason for it
is. (I have a
model, but it
is a bit
speculative.)
But it has
nothing to do
with energy. G
is the
gravitational
constant which
is as little
understood as
gravity
itself.
Planck's
constant I
have
explained, it
is (with c)
the field
constant of
the strong
force (any
force has to
be described
by a field
constant); and<span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span></span><i
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;">ε<sub
class="yiv2857717478">o</sub></span></i><span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Helvetica,
sans-serif;"> </span></span><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Helvetica,
sans-serif;">is
the field
constant of
the electric
force with a
similar
background.<span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">If
spacetime was
an empty void,
why should
particles have
a speed limit
of<span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span><i
class="yiv2857717478">c</i>? For a thought experiment, suppose that two
spaceships
leave earth
going opposite
directions and
accelerate
until they
reach a speed
of 0.75<span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span><i
class="yiv2857717478">c</i><span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span>relative
to the earth.
The earth
bound observer
sees them
separating at
1.5<span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span><i
class="yiv2857717478">c</i><span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span>but
the rules of
relativistic
addition of
velocity has a
spaceship
observer
seeing the
other
spaceship
moving away at
only 0.96<span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span><i
class="yiv2857717478">c</i>.
How is this
possible if
spacetime is
an empty
void. My
model of the
universe
answers this
because all
particles,
fields and
forces are
also made of
the spacetime
field and they
combine to
achieve
Lorentz
transformations
which affects
ruler length
and clocks.
None of this
can happen
unless
spacetime is
filled with
dipole waves
in spacetime
and everything
is made of the
single
component.
The universe
is only
spacetime.<span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span></span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Helvetica,
sans-serif;">If
two spaceships
move at 0.75 c
in opposite
direction, the
observer at
rest may add
these speeds
and may get
1.5 c as a
result. Why
not? If an
observer in
one of the
spaceships
measures the
relative speed
of the other
spaceship, the
result will be
less then c
(as you write
it). The
reason is the
well known
fact that the
measurement
tools
accessible for
the observer
in the ship
are changed
and run
differently at
this high
speed. The
reason for
these changes
is for time
dilation the
internal speed
c in
elementary
particles. For
contraction it
is the
contraction of
fields at
motion which
is a fact
independent of
relativity
(and which was
already known
before
Einstein). In
addition when
the speed of
another object
is to be
measured
several clocks
are to be used
positioned
along the
measurement
section. These
clocks are
de-synchronized
in relation to
the clocks of
the observer
at rest. These
phenomena
together cause
the
measurement
result < c.
You find these
considerations
in papers and
books about
the Lorentzian
interpretation
of relativity.
So, following
Lorentz, there
is no reason
to assume
Einstein's
spacetime.</span><span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"><span class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-family:
Helvetica,
sans-serif;"> </span></span><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Helvetica,
sans-serif;"></span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">John M.</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Helvetica,
sans-serif;">Perhaps
I should read
your book. But
that chould
take a lot of
time, I am
afraid.<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
Albrecht<span
class="yiv2857717478Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="border-style:
solid none
none;
border-top-color:
rgb(225, 225,
225);
border-top-width:
1pt; padding:
3pt 0cm 0cm;">
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><b
class="yiv2857717478"><span class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size:
11pt;
font-family:
Calibri,
sans-serif;">From:</span></b><span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"><span class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size:
11pt;
font-family:
Calibri,
sans-serif;"> </span></span><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;">Dr.
Albrecht Giese
[<a
class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de">mailto:genmail@a-giese.de</a></a>]<span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<b
class="yiv2857717478">Sent:</b><span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span>Sunday, September 13,
2015 1:43 PM<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<b
class="yiv2857717478">To:</b><span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span>John Macken<span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span><a
class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:john@macken.com"><a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:john@macken.com"><john@macken.com></a></a>;
'Nature of
Light and
Particles -
General
Discussion'<span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span><<a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a></a>><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<b
class="yiv2857717478">Subject:</b><span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span>Re: [General]
research
papers</span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;">Hello
John,<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
great that you
have looked so
deeply into
the model
which I have
presented.
Thank you.<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
There are some
questions
which I can
answer quite
easily. I
think that
this model in
fact explains
several points
just in
contrast to
main stream
physics. In
standard
physics the
electron (just
as an example)
is a
point-like
object without
any internal
structure. So,
how can a
magnetic
moment be
explained? How
can the spin
be explained?
How can the
mass be
explained? The
position of
main stream
physics is:
That cannot be
explained but
is subject to
quantum
mechanics. And
the fact that
it cannot be
explained
shows how
necessary QM
is.<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
In contrast,
if the
electron is
assumed to
have a
structure like
in the model
presented,
these
parameters can
be explained
in a classical
way, and this
explanation is
not merely a
qualitative
one but has
precise
quantitative
results.<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
To your
questions in
detail:<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
The fact of
two basic
particles is
necessary to
explain the
fact of an
oscillation
and to fulfil
the
conservation
of momentum. A
single object
(as
point-like)
cannot
oscillate. The
basic
particles are
composed of
charges of the
strong force.
In this model
the strong
force is
assumed to be
the universal
force in our
world
effective on
all particles.
A charge is a
fundamental
object in the
scope of this
model. There
are two kinds
of charges
according to
the two kinds
of forces in
our world, the
strong one and
the electric
one. The weak
force is in
fact the
strong force
but has a
smaller
coupling
constant
caused by
geometric
circumstances.
And gravity is
not a force at
all but a
refraction
process, which
is so a side
effect of the
other forces.
And, by the
way, gravity
is not curved
spacetime.
This is not
necessary, and
besides of
this,
Einstein's
spacetime
leads to
logical
conflicts.<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
The forces
(i.e. strong
force) inside
an elementary
particle are
configured in
a way that at
a certain
distance there
is a potential
minimum and in
this way the
distance
between the
basic
particles is
enforced. So,
this field has
attracting and
repulsive
components.
Outside the
elementary
particle the
attracting
forces
dominate to
make the
particle a
stable one.
And those
field parts
outside have
an opposite
sign. Now, as
the basic
particles are
orbiting each
other, the
outside field
is an
alternating
field (of the
strong forth).
If this field
propagates, it
is builds a
wave. This
wave is
described by
the
Schrödinger
equation and
fulfils the
assumptions of
de Broglie.<span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span><br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
With the
assumption of
two basic
particles
orbiting at c
and subject to
strong force,
the parameters
mass, magnetic
moment, spin
result from it
numerically
correctly
without
further
assumptions.<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
This model
does not need
any vacuum
energy or
virtual
particles.
Those are
simply not
necessary and
they are
anyway very
speculative
because not
directly
observable.
And in the
case of the
vacuum energy
of the
universe we
are confronted
with the
discrepancy of
10^120 which
you also
mention in
your paper
attached to
your mail.<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
The Coulomb
law can be
easily
explained by
the assumption
(standard at
quantum
mechanics)
that a force
is realized by
exchange
particles. The
density of
exchange
particles and
so the
strength of
the field
diminishes by
1/r^2, which
is simple
geometry.<span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span><br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
So John, this
is my
position. Now
I am curious
about your
objections of
further
questions.<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
Best regards<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
Albrecht<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;">Am
11.09.2015 um
23:51 schrieb
John Macken:</span></div>
</div>
</div>
<blockquote
class="yiv2857717478"
type="cite"
style="margin-top:
5pt;
margin-bottom:
5pt;">
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">Hello
Albrecht and
All,</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">I have
attached a one
page addition
that I will
make to my
book. It is a
preliminary
explanation of
my model of
the spacetime
field. It has
been very
helpful to me
to interact
with this
group because
I now
understand
better the key
stumbling
block for some
scientists to
accept my
thesis.
Therefore I
have written
the attached
introduction
to ease the
reader of my
book into my
model. <span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span></span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><b
class="yiv2857717478"><span class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family:
Calibri,
sans-serif;">Albrecht:</span></b><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"> <span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span>I
appreciate
your email.
We agree on
several points
which include
the size of
the electron
and there is a
similarity in
the
explanation of
gravity. The
key points of
disagreement
are the same
as I have with
the rest of
the group.
Your
explanation of
a fundamental
particle is
not really an
explanation.
You substitute
a fundamental
particle such
as an electron
with two
“basic
particles”.
Have we made
any progress
or did we just
double the
problem? What
is your basic
particles made
of? What is
the physics
behind the
force of
attraction
between the
particles?
What is the
physics behind
an electric
field? How
does your
model create
de Broglie
waves? How
does your
model create a
gravitational
field (curved
spacetime)?
Can you derive
the Coulomb
law and
Newtonian
gravitational
equation from
your model? <span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span></span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">These
might seem
like unfair
questions, but
my model does
all of these
things. All it
requires is
the reader
accept the
fact that the
vacuum
possesses
activity which
can be
characterized
as a type of
energy density
that is not
observable (no
rest mass or
momentum).
This is no
different that
accepting that
QED
calculations
should be
believed when
they assume
vacuum energy
or that zero
point energy
really
exists. <span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span></span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><b
class="yiv2857717478"><span class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family:
Calibri,
sans-serif;">Albrecht</span></b><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">,
perhaps I have
come on too
strong, but I
have decided
to take a
firmer stand.
You just
happen to be
the first
person that I
contrast to my
model. I am
actually happy
to discuss the
scientific
details in a
less
confrontational
way. I just
wanted to make
an initial
point.</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">John M.</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="border-style:
solid none
none;
border-top-color:
rgb(225, 225,
225);
border-top-width:
1pt; padding:
3pt 0cm 0cm;">
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><b
class="yiv2857717478"><span class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size:
11pt;
font-family:
Calibri,
sans-serif;">From:</span></b><span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"><span class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size:
11pt;
font-family:
Calibri,
sans-serif;"> </span></span><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;">General
[</span><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;
color:
purple;"><a
class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="mailto:general-bounces+john=macken.com@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="mailto:general-bounces+john=macken.com@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">mailto:general-bounces+john=macken.com@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a></a></span><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;">]<span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span><b
class="yiv2857717478">On
Behalf Of<span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span></b>Dr. Albrecht
Giese<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<b
class="yiv2857717478">Sent:</b><span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span>Friday, September 11,
2015 9:52 AM<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<b
class="yiv2857717478">To:</b><span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span><a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a></a><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<b
class="yiv2857717478">Subject:</b><span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span>Re: [General]
research
papers</span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;">Dear
John Macken,<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
I would like
to answer a
specific topic
in your mail
below. You
write "...
would have
particular
relevance to
the concept
that the Higgs
field is
needed to give
inertia to
fermions".<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
We should not
overlook that
even
mainstream
physicists
working on
elementary
particles
admit that the
Higgs theory
is not able to
explain
inertia. I
give you as a
reference:<span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span></span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;">>Steven
D. Brass, The
cosmological
constant
puzzle,
Journal of
Physics G,
Nuclear and
Particle
Physics 38,
4(2011)
43201< ,</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">which
has the result
that the Higgs
field, which
causes inertia
according to
the theory, is
by at least 56
orders of
magnitude too
small to
explain the
mass of the
elementary
particles.
(Another
weakness is
the fact that
the Higgs
theory does
not tell us
the mass of
any elementary
particle even
if all other
parameters are
known.)<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
As you may
remember, in
our meeting I
have presented
a model
explaining
inertia which
does not only
work as a
general idea
but provides
very precise
results for
the mass of
leptons. The
mass is
classically
deduced from
the size of a
particle. It
also explains
the mass of
quarks, but
here the
verification
is more
difficult, due
to the lack of
measurements.
In addition I
have shown
that the model
also explains
the (dynamic)
mass of
photons, if
the size of a
photon is
related to its
wavelength.<span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span><br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
You may find
details in the
proceedings of
our San Diego
meeting, but
also on the
following web
sites:<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</span><span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-family:
Calibri,
sans-serif;
color:
purple;"><a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="http://www.ag-physics.org/rmass"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.ag-physics.org/rmass">www.ag-physics.org/rmass</a></a></span><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
</span><span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-family:
Calibri,
sans-serif;
color:
purple;"><a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="http://www.ag-physics.org/electron"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.ag-physics.org/electron">www.ag-physics.org/electron</a></a></span><span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"><span class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-family:
Calibri,
sans-serif;"> </span></span><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">.<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
You may also
find the sites
by Google
search
entering the
string "origin
of mass". You
will find it
on position 1
or 2 of the
list, where it
has constantly
been during
the past 12
years.<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
If you have
any questions
about it,
please ask me.
I will be
happy about
any
discussion.<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
With best
regards<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
Albrecht Giese</span><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<span
class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size:
11pt;
font-family:
Calibri,
sans-serif;"> </span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">Am
04.09.2015 um
18:40 schrieb
John Macken:</span></div>
</div>
</div>
<blockquote
class="yiv2857717478"
type="cite"
style="margin-top:
5pt;
margin-bottom:
5pt;">
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">Martin,</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">I wanted
to remind you
that I think
that you
should update
your article
“Light Is
Heavy” to
include the
mathematical
proof that
confined light
has exactly
the same
inertia as
particles with
equal energy.
Accelerating a
reflecting box
causes
different
photon
pressure which
results in a
net inertial
force. I
already
reference your
Light Is Heavy
article in my
book, but
expanding the
article would
be even
better. An
expanded
article would
have
particular
relevance to
the concept
that the Higgs
field is
needed to give
inertia to
fermions. The
Higgs field is
not needed to
give inertia
to confined
light.
Furthermore,
confined light
exerts exactly
the correct
inertia and
kinetic
energy, even
at
relativistic
conditions. I
have not seen
a proof that
the Higgs
field gives
exactly the
correct amount
of inertia or
kinetic energy
to fermions.
Any particle
model that
includes
either a
confined
photon or
confined waves
in spacetime
propagating at
the speed of
light gets
inertia and
kinetic energy
from the same
principles as
confined light
in a
reflecting
box.</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">John M.<span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span></span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"
style="border-style:
solid none
none;
border-top-color:
rgb(225, 225,
225);
border-top-width:
1pt; padding:
3pt 0cm 0cm;">
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><b
class="yiv2857717478"><span class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size:
11pt;
font-family:
Calibri,
sans-serif;">From:</span></b><span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"><span class="yiv2857717478"
style="font-size:
11pt;
font-family:
Calibri,
sans-serif;"> </span></span><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;">General
[</span><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;
color:
purple;"><a
class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="mailto:general-bounces+john=macken.com@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="mailto:general-bounces+john=macken.com@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">mailto:general-bounces+john=macken.com@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a></a></span><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;">]<span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span><b
class="yiv2857717478">On
Behalf Of<span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span></b>Mark, Martin van
der<br
class="yiv2857717478"
clear="none">
<b
class="yiv2857717478">Sent:</b><span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span>Friday, September 04,
2015 6:34 AM<br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<b
class="yiv2857717478">To:</b><span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span>Nature of Light and
Particles -
General
Discussion<span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span><<a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a></a>><br
class="yiv2857717478" clear="none">
<b
class="yiv2857717478">Subject:</b><span
class="yiv2857717478apple-converted-space"> </span>[General] research
papers</span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;
color: rgb(31,
73, 125);">Dear
all,</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;
color: rgb(31,
73, 125);">My
recent (and
old) work can
be found on
Researchgate:</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;
color: rgb(31,
73, 125);"><a
moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" shape="rect" class="yiv2857717478"
target="_blank"
href="https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Martin_Van_der_Mark/publications"
style="color:
purple;
text-decoration:
underline;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="color: purple;"></span></a><a
class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Martin_Van_der_Mark/publications"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Martin_Van_der_Mark/publications">https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Martin_Van_der_Mark/publications</a></a></span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;
color: rgb(31,
73, 125);">In
particular you
will find the
most recent
work:</span></div>
<ul
class="yiv2857717478"
style="margin-bottom:
0cm;"
type="disc">
<li
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;">On
the nature of
“stuff” and
the hierarchy
of forces</span><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;"></span></li>
<li
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;">Quantum
mechanical
probability
current as
electromagnetic
4-current from
topological EM
fields</span><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana,
sans-serif;"></span></li>
</ul>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;
color: rgb(31,
73, 125);">Very
best regards,</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
Cambria;"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;
color: rgb(31,
73, 125);">Martin</span></div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial,
sans-serif;
color: navy;">Dr.
Martin B. van
der Mark</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial,
sans-serif;
color: navy;">Principal
Scientist,
Minimally
Invasive
Healthcare</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;
color: navy;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial,
sans-serif;
color: navy;">Philips
Research
Europe -
Eindhoven</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial,
sans-serif;
color: navy;">High
Tech Campus,
Building 34
(WB2.025)</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial,
sans-serif;
color: navy;">Prof.
Holstlaan 4</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial,
sans-serif;
color: navy;">5656
AE Eindhoven,
The
Netherlands</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial,
sans-serif;
color: navy;">Tel:
+31 40 2747548</span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri,
sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478">
<div
class="yiv2857717478"><span
class="yiv2857717478" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"> </span></div>
</div>
<div
class="yiv2857717478MsoNormal"
style="margin:
0cm 0cm 10pt;
line-height:
17.1200008392334px;
font-size:
12pt;
font-family:
Cambria;"
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