<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class="">Hi David,<div class=""> My internally superluminal photon model has a helically circulating energy quantum with longitudinal momentum Plong= h/lambda and transverse momentum Ptrans = Plong = h/lambda with a helical radius of R = lambda/2pi . Its forward helical angle is 45 degrees for photons of any wavelength, and its z-component of spin is R x Ptrans = lambda/2pi x h/lambda = h/2pin = hbar . To move forward at speed c (because it is a photon) at an angle of 45 degrees REQUIRES that the photon’s energy quantum’s speed along its helical axis is c sqrt(2) for photons of any wavelength. </div><div class=""> An electron composed of a circulating internally superluminal photon would be internally superluminal also.</div><div class=""> Richard</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><div><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class="">On Oct 19, 2015, at 4:26 PM, <<a href="mailto:davidmathes8@yahoo.com" class="">davidmathes8@yahoo.com</a>> <<a href="mailto:davidmathes8@yahoo.com" class="">davidmathes8@yahoo.com</a>> wrote:</div></blockquote><blockquote type="cite" class=""><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div class=""><div class=""><div style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: HelveticaNeue, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif; font-size: 16px;" class=""><h1 class="" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; font-weight: normal; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: -0.5px; line-height: 1.173;" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1445294444662_15279"><font size="3" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1445294444662_15843" class="">Rich, Chip, John W, Martin et al</font></h1><h1 class="" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; font-weight: normal; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: -0.5px; line-height: 1.173;" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1445294444662_15279"><font size="3" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1445294444662_15730" class="">I've wondered if the photon or quanta within the confines of an electron could really travel at FTL velocities. </font></h1><h1 class="" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; font-weight: normal; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: -0.5px; line-height: 1.173;" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1445294444662_15279"><font size="3" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1445294444662_15885" class="">Indeed, one of the parametric models Richard has proposed does fit known experiments to date. </font></h1><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1445294444662_15900" class=""><font size="3" class=""><br class=""></font></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1445294444662_15899" class=""><font size="3" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1445294444662_15898" class="">So here is an interesting tool for experimentalists: an o</font><span style="font-size: 12px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: -0.5px;" class="">n-chip zero-index metamaterial.</span></div><h1 class="" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; font-weight: normal; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); letter-spacing: -0.5px; line-height: 1.173;" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1445294444662_15279"><font size="3" class=""> </font><a href="http://www.nature.com/nphoton/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nphoton.2015.198.html" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1445294444662_15318" class=""><font size="3" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1445294444662_15685" class="">http://www.nature.com/nphoton/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nphoton.2015.198.html</font></a></h1><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1445294444662_15317" dir="ltr" class=""><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1445294444662_15374" class=""><font id="yui_3_16_0_1_1445294444662_15512" size="3" class="">"This novel on-chip metamaterial platform opens the door to exploring the physics of zero index and its applications in integrated optics."</font></span></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1445294444662_15317" dir="ltr" class=""><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" class=""><font size="3" class=""><br class=""></font></span></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1445294444662_15317" dir="ltr" class="">Best</div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1445294444662_15317" dir="ltr" class=""><br class=""></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1445294444662_15317" dir="ltr" class="">David</div></div></div></div></blockquote></div><br class=""></div></body></html>