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    <small>Dear John Duffield,<br>
      <br>
      <font color="#003300">following my comments in green.</font><br>
      <br>
    </small>
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix"><small>Am 19.11.2015 um 09:13 schrieb
        John Duffield:</small><br>
    </div>
    <blockquote cite="mid:001301d122a2$21033640$6309a2c0$@btconnect.com"
      type="cite">
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      <div class="WordSection1">
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Albrecht:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">It’s

            easy to understand the electron if you look at the evidence
            of things like gamma-gamma pair production, electron
            magnetic moment, the Einstein-de Haas effect, electron
            diffraction, spherical harmonics, and electron-positron
            annihilation back to gamma photons. </span></p>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    <font color="#336666"><small>A<font color="#003300">ccording to my
          model the photon is made up by the same basic elements like an
          electron, but may have more than two. On the other hand,
          particle physics have shown us that additional particles can
          be generated in an unlimited number as long as certain laws of
          conservation are fulfilled. - I think that the facts you
          mention are again good arguments in favour of my model.</font></small></font><br>
    <blockquote cite="mid:001301d122a2$21033640$6309a2c0$@btconnect.com"
      type="cite">
      <div class="WordSection1">
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">An
            electron is a wave going round and round in a standing-wave
            configuration, such that a field-variation looks like a
            standing field. It isn’t complicated or mysterious. </span></p>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    <font color="#003300"><small>By which fact, force, or whatever can a
        wave be made to move on a circuit? From normal physics (in
        contrast to micro-physics we are talking here about) such a
        process is not known. And this process, if it exists, must be
        quantitatively explained in the way that another path than this
        circular one is excluded. And the parameters have to be deduced.
        That is particularly true for the double period in the picture
        you have attached here. </small></font><br>
    <blockquote cite="mid:001301d122a2$21033640$6309a2c0$@btconnect.com"
      type="cite">
      <div class="WordSection1">
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Nor
            is inertia. The mass of a body is a measure of its
            energy-content.</span></p>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    <small>This sounds to me a bit upside down. We know that an object
      which has inertial mass also has energy. I deduce this from the
      set up of a particle. Not difficult. But why should energy cause
      inertia? If you think this to be possible - or even plausible -
      please give us a mechanism which causes this.<br>
      <br>
      <font color="#003300">I know that Einstein has once said that mass
        and energy are two word for the same physical fact. Similarly
        Einstein has said that gravity and acceleration are two words
        for the same fact (the latter being falsified meanwhile). The
        first one is also not acceptable if we assume that forces are
        mediated by exchange particles (which is main stream standard
        these days). Exchange particles like gluons do not have any mass
        but transport energy.</font><br>
      <br>
      <font color="#003300">I cannot imagine that it helps our
        understanding of physics if phenomena, which have a clearly
        different meaning, are mashed up. We should go into the opposite
        direction to gain better understanding, i.e. have a better
        differentiation of entities. </font></small><br>
    <blockquote cite="mid:001301d122a2$21033640$6309a2c0$@btconnect.com"
      type="cite">
      <div class="WordSection1">
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">
            It’s like the photon in the box, see <a
              moz-do-not-send="true"
              href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1508.06478"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1508.06478">http://arxiv.org/abs/1508.06478</a></a>.
            Photon energy-momentum is resistance to change-in-motion for
            a wave propagating linearly at c.  Electron mass is
            resistance to change-in-motion for a wave going round and
            round at c. </span></p>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    <font color="#003300"><small>True: </small></font><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><font
        color="#003300">"Photon energy-momentum is resistance to
        change-in-motion". However, saying this is not an explanation
        why it is this way. I have an explanation in contrast to these
        sayings. And: A photon does have mass. Nobody has ever seen a
        mass-less photon. The interesting question is why a photon moves
        with c. If this is answered then the rest will be easy. </font><br>
    </span>
    <blockquote cite="mid:001301d122a2$21033640$6309a2c0$@btconnect.com"
      type="cite">
      <div class="WordSection1">
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Forget
            Wilczek, the guy is a peddler of <a moz-do-not-send="true"
              href="http://frankwilczek.com/2013/multiverseEnergy01.pdf">pompous

              woo</a>, and there re is no mystery. But don’t forget the
            wave nature of matter. Replace your two particles by two
            loops of a 511keV E=hf photon wave, and then your model
            matches observation. Win win!<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">
          </span><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><img
              id="Picture_x0020_1"
              src="cid:part3.01070202.09010907@a-giese.de" height="174"
              width="177" border="0"></span><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">    <o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Regards<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">John

            D</span></p>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    <small><font color="#003300">Regards<br>
        Albrecht<br>
      </font></small><br>
    <br>
    <blockquote cite="mid:001301d122a2$21033640$6309a2c0$@btconnect.com"
      type="cite">
      <div class="WordSection1">
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <div>
          <div style="border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1
            1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm">
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:windowtext"
                  lang="EN-US">From:</span></b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:windowtext"
                lang="EN-US"> General [<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="mailto:general-bounces+johnduffield=btconnect.com@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">mailto:general-bounces+johnduffield=btconnect.com@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a>]
                <b>On Behalf Of </b>Dr. Albrecht Giese<br>
                <b>Sent:</b> 18 November 2015 20:19<br>
                <b>To:</b> John Williamson <a
                  class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
                  href="mailto:John.Williamson@glasgow.ac.uk"><a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:John.Williamson@glasgow.ac.uk"><John.Williamson@glasgow.ac.uk></a></a>;
                Nature of Light and Particles - General Discussion <a
                  class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
                  href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"><a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"><general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org></a></a><br>
                <b>Cc:</b> <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
                  href="mailto:pete@leathergoth.com">pete@leathergoth.com</a>;
                Nick Bailey <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
                  href="mailto:nick@bailey-family.org.uk"><nick@bailey-family.org.uk></a>;
                Mark, Martin van der <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
                  href="mailto:martin.van.der.mark@philips.com"><martin.van.der.mark@philips.com></a>;
                David Williamson <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
                  href="mailto:david.williamson@ed.ac.uk"><david.williamson@ed.ac.uk></a><br>
                <b>Subject:</b> Re: [General] Reply of comments from
                what a model…<o:p></o:p></span></p>
          </div>
        </div>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span
            style="font-size:10.0pt" lang="EN-US">John,<br>
            <br>
            Wilczek has written about several aspects of the electron.
            Some of them sound to my like the usual QM mystifications.
            Among them also aspects of collective states. But at the end
            his remark about <i>half-electrons </i>is another view</span><span
            style="font-size:7.5pt" lang="EN-US">:<span
              class="current-selection"> "</span></span><span
            class="current-selection"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"
              lang="EN-US">By combining fragmentation with super</span></span><span
            class="ls0"><span style="font-size:10.0pt" lang="EN-US">-</span></span><span
            class="current-selection"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"
              lang="EN-US">conductivity, we can get half-electrons that
              are their own antiparticles."</span></span><span
            style="font-size:10.0pt" lang="EN-US"><br>
            This is a clear statement in my understanding. </span><span
            lang="EN-US"><br>
          </span><span style="font-size:10.0pt" lang="EN-US"><br>
            And else, his whole article is a fight with the usual
            logical paradoxes, if one tries to understand the electron
            on the basis of present main stream physics. This is also
            obvious in his last paragraph: "<span
              class="current-selection">So, what is an electron? An
              electron is a particle and a wave; it is ideally simple
              and unimaginably complex .." Do we not have a better
              understanding today? At least I have it, if I look to my
              model. There may be open questions left but no mystery.</span><br>
            <br>
            <span class="current-selection">But apart of this: I found
              it a funny incident to see this article in view of our
              discussion about my 2-particle-model. But this reference
              is of course not my serious argument. The most powerful
              argument is that this assumption of a 2-particle extended
              model explains inertia. And it yields not just an idea
              what inertia could be, but precise mathematical results.
              In contrast to all what is available these days about this
              topic in particle physics.</span><br>
            <br>
            Regards<br>
            Albrecht<br>
            <br>
          </span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <div>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Am 17.11.2015 um 07:13
              schrieb John Williamson:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        </div>
        <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"
              style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times",serif"> </span><span
                lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
            <p class="MsoNormal"
              style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times",serif">Sorry
                Albrecht, but you are not really getting what Frank is
                talking about in his article at all.</span><span
                lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
            <p class="MsoNormal"
              style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times",serif"><br>
                <br>
              </span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
            <p class="MsoNormal"
              style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times",serif">He is, as
                Al is alluding to, discussing collective systems – the
                Fractional quantum Hall effect and superconductors – and
                (theoretical) attempts that are being made to understand
                them. In those attempts people are coming up with models
                like yours – with multiple components – three for the
                fractional quantum Hall effect – two for
                superconductors. These are COMPOSITE systems of light
                and matter. Simple-minded attempts to understand them
                without getting what the electron is or what the photon
                is (the current situation) is bound to prove
                challenging. In superconductors you have, practically, a
                di-electron system – but it is also extended to include
                an overlap over a whole crystal – extra protons in the
                system then. One is looking a whole, collective, state
                of matter – with pairs of spin-opposite, electrons 
                extended for many centimetres (whatever the size of the
                superconductor is). Ok there are TWO paired, opposite
                spin electrons in any “Cooper pair” and , at some level,
                one is going to observe this and the symmetries inherent
                in this. Antiparticles they are only the sense you know
                they have opposite spin. Everything else, in the
                experiments, is spin – if you will pardon the pun. One
                is blindly thrashing about in the mist further.</span><span
                lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times",serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><br>
                Regards, John</span><span
                style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif">
                <o:p></o:p></span></p>
            <div>
              <div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center"
                align="center">
                <hr size="2" width="100%" align="center"></div>
              <div id="divRpF530990">
                <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif">
                    General [<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:general-bounces+john.williamson=glasgow.ac.uk@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">general-bounces+john.williamson=glasgow.ac.uk@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a>]
                    on behalf of Dr. Albrecht Giese [<a
                      class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
                      href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de">genmail@a-giese.de</a></a>]<br>
                    <b>Sent:</b> Monday, November 16, 2015 9:16 PM<br>
                    <b>To:</b> Chip Akins; 'Nature of Light and
                    Particles - General Discussion'<br>
                    <b>Subject:</b> Re: [General] Reply of comments from
                    what a model…</span><o:p></o:p></p>
              </div>
              <div>
                <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">Hi
                  Chip,<br>
                  <br>
                  thanks for your proposals. I have inserted some
                  comments into the text.<o:p></o:p></p>
                <div>
                  <p class="MsoNormal">Am 14.11.2015 um 17:13 schrieb
                    Chip Akins:<o:p></o:p></p>
                </div>
                <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Hi Albrecht<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">What if, for
                      purposes of conjecture, we replace your two
                      “particles” in the electron, with an EM wave which
                      has a wavelength of twice the circumference?  <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                </blockquote>
                <p class="MsoNormal">How can you bind a wave to
                  something? That sounds very strange to me. In the
                  vicinity of a charge we can feel a force. It is an
                  abstraction to call this situation a field. And if
                  this field changes with time and propagates into the
                  space, we call it a wave. You cannot bind a wave to
                  something, so as you cannot bind the wind to a tree.<br>
                  <br>
                  What we can bind is the charge which is the cause of
                  the field and of a wave. And a wave cannot build a
                  spin. As a comparison, a squirl in the air or in the
                  water can build an angular momentum. But that has to
                  do with the air or the water. The squirl without air
                  or water, which is a pure abstraction, cannot cause
                  any binding forces. Similar to an electric wave apart
                  from a charge.<br>
                  <br>
                  An EM wave is an electric field which is modulated and
                  which propagates. The magnetic part of it is, as
                  discussed here before, nothing than an impression
                  which we have of the electric field. A relativistic
                  side effect. Similar to the Coriolis force which is as
                  well an impression (i.e. also a seeming side effect,
                  but in this case not relativistic).<br>
                  <br>
                  So we should talk about real things and that are
                  charges in my understanding.<br>
                  <br>
                  <o:p></o:p></p>
                <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">And now let us
                      consider that the “binding force” which holds this
                      wave in a circular confinement is the same “force”
                      which causes spin angular momentum in light.  The
                      EM “wave” would have the negative portion always
                      away from the center for the electron, and the
                      confinement of the wave causes a curvature in
                      (divergence of) the E field which in turn would be
                      the cause for the appearance of the elementary
                      charge.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">It seems that
                      such a model would 1) conserve momentum, 2) cause
                      inertial mass <i>(because of confined momentum
                        and the speed of light velocity limit)</i>, and
                      3) radiate when accelerated under most
                      circumstances <i>(except gravitational
                        acceleration, if gravity is simply the
                        diffraction of waves.)</i><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                </blockquote>
                <p class="MsoNormal">How do you think to accelerate an
                  abstract wave? <br>
                  <br>
                  If you understand this wave as a cause of inertial
                  mass, can you present a quantitative calculation of
                  the mass which is the result of this effect? - I can
                  do it for my model with high precision (see below).<br>
                  <br>
                  If gravity is a case of diffraction, or better of
                  refraction, then there is an object refracted or a
                  moving charge, but not a wave.<br>
                  <br>
                  <o:p></o:p></p>
                <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">If we do this,
                      we have an electron model which consists of <i>just

                        one item</i> and explains (it seems) the same
                      things that your model explains, but without the
                      need for two entities within this elementary
                      particle.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                </blockquote>
                <p class="MsoNormal">As a wave cannot have a momentum it
                  will not violate the conservation of momentum, true,
                  but it cannot build anything than mathematical
                  equations.<br>
                  <br>
                  <o:p></o:p></p>
                <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">The reason for
                      posing this question is that there is no
                      experimental evidence that the electron is
                      comprised of two particles.  However there is much
                      evidence that it is a single thing comprised of
                      energy.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                </blockquote>
                <p class="MsoNormal">I say it again: There is evidence
                  for two sub-particles. And I refer again to the
                  experiment described by Frank Wilczek where two halves
                  of an electron have been observed:<br>
                  <br>
                  <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.nature.com/articles/498031a.epdf?referrer_access_token=ben9To-3oo1NBniBt2zIw9RgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0Mr0WZkh3ZGwaOU__QIZA8EEsfyjmdvPM68ya-MFh194zghek6jh7WqtGYeYWmES35o2U71x2DQVk0PFLoHQk5V5M-cak670GmcqKy2iZm7PPrWZKcv_J3SBA-hRXn4VJI1r9NxMvgmKog-topZaM03&tracking_referrer=www.nature.com"
                    target="_blank">http://www.nature.com/articles/498031a.epdf?referrer_access_token=ben9To-3oo1NBniBt2zIw9RgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0Mr0WZkh3ZGwaOU__QIZA8EEsfyjmdvPM68ya-MFh194zghek6jh7WqtGYeYWmES35o2U71x2DQVk0PFLoHQk5V5M-cak670GmcqKy2iZm7PPrWZKcv_J3SBA-hRXn4VJI1r9NxMvgmKog-topZaM03&tracking_referrer=www.nature.com</a><br>
                  <br>
                  And there is NO evidence of a "single thing" if
                  investigated in relation to my model (having mass-less
                  constituents).<br>
                  <br>
                  And another evidence (an indirect one): Only an object
                  built by two constituents (as a minimum) can have
                  inertia. We all know that the Higgs model does not
                  work for inertia. And my model using 2 sub-particles
                  yields the mass of e.g. the electron with an accuracy
                  of 1 : 500'000. Do you know any model which yields
                  results of this accuracy? - <br>
                  I do not know any else model for this, and am
                  presenting this model since 15 years on conferences
                  all over the world, and there have been no objections.
                  <br>
                  <br>
                  Best<br>
                  Albrecht<br>
                  <br>
                  <br>
                  <o:p></o:p></p>
                <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Chip<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                  <div>
                    <div style="border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1
                      1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm">
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:windowtext"
                            lang="EN-US">From:</span></b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:windowtext"
                          lang="EN-US"> General [<a
                            class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="mailto:general-bounces+chipakins=gmail.com@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="mailto:general-bounces+chipakins=gmail.com@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">mailto:general-bounces+chipakins=gmail.com@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a></a>]
                          <b>On Behalf Of </b>Dr. Albrecht Giese<br>
                          <b>Sent:</b> Saturday, November 14, 2015 7:52
                          AM<br>
                          <b>To:</b> <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                            href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de"
                            target="_blank">af.kracklauer@web.de</a><br>
                          <b>Cc:</b> <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                            href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"
                            target="_blank">general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a><br>
                          <b>Subject:</b> Re: [General] Reply of
                          comments from what a model…</span><span
                          lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                  <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span
                      lang="EN-US">Hi Al,<br>
                      <br>
                      Why do we need a background? If I assume only
                      local forces (strong and electric) for my model,
                      the calculation conforms to the measurement (e.g.
                      between mass and magnetic moment) with a precision
                      of 2 : 1'000'000. This is no incident. Not
                      possible, if a poorly defined and stable
                      background has a measurable influence. - And if
                      there should be such background and it has such
                      little effect, which mistake do we make if we
                      ignore that?<br>
                      <br>
                      For the competition of the 1/r<sup>2</sup> law for
                      range of charges and the r<sup>2</sup> law for the
                      quantity of charges we have a popular example when
                      we look at the sky at night. The sky is dark and
                      that shows that the r<sup>2</sup> case (number of
                      shining stars) does in no way compensates for the
                      1/r<sup>2</sup> case (light flow density from the
                      stars).<br>
                      <br>
                      Why is a 2 particle model necessary?<br>
                      <br>
                      1.) for the conservation of momentum<br>
                      2.) for a cause of the inertial mass<br>
                      3.) for the radiation at acceleration which occurs
                      most time, but does not occur in specific
                      situations. Not explained elsewhere.<br>
                      <br>
                      Ciao, Albrecht<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                  <div>
                    <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Am
                        13.11.2015 um 20:31 schrieb <a
                          class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
                          href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de">af.kracklauer@web.de</a></a>:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                  </div>
                  <blockquote
                    style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
                    <div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                            style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                            lang="EN-US">Hi Albrecht:</span><span
                            lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                            style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                            lang="EN-US"> </span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                            style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                            lang="EN-US">Your proposed experiment is
                            hampered by reality!  If you do the
                            measurement with a gaget bought in a store
                            that has knobes and a display, then the
                            measurement is for certain for signals under
                            a couple hundred GHz and based on some
                            phenomena for which the sensitivity of
                            man-made devices is limited.  And, if
                            limited to the electric field, then there is
                            a good chance it is missing altogether
                            oscillating signals by virtue of its limited
                            reaction time of reset time, etc. etc.  The
                            vast majority of the background will be much
                            higher, the phenomena most attuned to
                            detecting might be in fact the quantum
                            effects otherwise explained with mystical
                            hokus-pokus!  Also to be noted is that, the
                            processes invovled in your model, if they
                            pertain to elementray entities, will have to
                            be at very small size and if at the velocity
                            (c) will be very high energy, etc. so that
                            once again, it is quite reasonable to
                            suppose that the universe is anything but
                            irrelavant! </span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                            style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                            lang="EN-US"> </span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                            style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                            lang="EN-US">Of course, there is then the
                            issue of the divergence of the this SED
                            background.  Ameliorated to some extent with
                            the realization that there is no energy at a
                            point in empty space until a charged entity
                            is put there, whereupon the energy of
                            interaction with the rest of the universe
                            (not just by itself being there and ignoring
                            the universe---as QM theorists, and
                            yourself, are wont to do) is given by the
                            sum of interactions over all particles not
                            by the integral over all space, including
                            empty space.  Looks at first blush to be
                            finite. </span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                            style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                            lang="EN-US"> </span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                            style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                            lang="EN-US">Why fight it?  Where the hell
                            else will you find a credible 2nd particle?
                             </span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                            style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                            lang="EN-US"> </span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                            style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                            lang="EN-US">ciao,  Al</span><span
                            lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                            style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                            lang="EN-US">  </span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                        <div style="border:none;border-left:solid
                          #C3D9E5 1.5pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm
8.0pt;margin-left:7.5pt;margin-top:7.5pt;margin-right:3.75pt;margin-bottom:3.75pt;word-wrap:break-word"
                          name="quote">
                          <div style="margin-bottom:7.5pt">
                            <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
                                  style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                  lang="EN-US">Gesendet:</span></b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                lang="EN-US"> Freitag, 13. November 2015
                                um 12:11 Uhr<br>
                                <b>Von:</b> "Dr. Albrecht Giese" <a
                                  class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
                                  href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de"><a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de"><genmail@a-giese.de></a></a><br>
                                <b>An:</b> <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                                  href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de"
                                  target="_blank">af.kracklauer@web.de</a><br>
                                <b>Cc:</b> <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                                  href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"
                                  target="_blank">general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a><br>
                                <b>Betreff:</b> Re: [General] Reply of
                                comments from what a model…</span><span
                                lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                          </div>
                          <div name="quoted-content">
                            <div>
                              <p class="MsoNormal"
                                style="background:white"><span
                                  style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                  lang="EN-US">Hi Al,<br>
                                  <br>
                                  if we look to charges you mention the
                                  law 1/r<sup>2</sup>. Now we can
                                  perform a simple physical experiment
                                  having an electrically charged object
                                  and using it to measure the electric
                                  field around us. I say: it is very
                                  weak. Now look to the distance of the
                                  two half-charges within the particle
                                  having a distance of 4*10<sup>-13</sup>
                                  m. This means an increase of force of
                                  about 25 orders of magnitude compared
                                  to what we do in a lab. And the
                                  difference is much greater if we refer
                                  to charges acting from the universe.
                                  So I think we do not make a big
                                  mistake assuming that there is nothing
                                  outside the particle.<br>
                                  <br>
                                  Regarding my model, the logic of
                                  deduction was very simple for me:<br>
                                  <br>
                                  1.) We have dilation, so there must be
                                  a permanent motion with c<br>
                                  2.) There must be 2 sub-particles
                                  otherwise the momentum law is
                                  violated; 3 are not possible as in
                                  conflict with experiments.<br>
                                  3.) The sub-particles must be
                                  mass-less, otherwise c is not possible<br>
                                  4.) The whole particle has mass even
                                  though the sub-particles are
                                  mass-less. So there must be a
                                  mechanism to cause inertia. It was
                                  immediately clear for me that inertia
                                  is a consequence of extension. Another
                                  reason to assume a particle which is
                                  composed of parts. (There is no other
                                  working mechanism of inertia known
                                  until today.)<br>
                                  5.) I had to find the binding field
                                  for the sub-particles. I have taken
                                  the simplest one which I could find
                                  which has a potential minimum at some
                                  distance. And my first attempt worked.<br>
                                  <br>
                                  That is all, and I do not see any
                                  possibility to change one of the
                                  points 1.) thru 5.) without getting in
                                  conflict with fundamental physical
                                  rules. And I do not invent new facts
                                  or rules beyond those already known in
                                  physics.<br>
                                  <br>
                                  So, where do you see any kind of
                                  arbitrariness or missing
                                  justification?<br>
                                  <br>
                                  Tschüß!<br>
                                  Albrecht<br>
                                  <br>
                                    </span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                              <div>
                                <p class="MsoNormal"
                                  style="background:white"><span
                                    style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                    lang="EN-US">Am 12.11.2015 um 17:51
                                    schrieb <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                                      href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de"
                                      target="_blank">af.kracklauer@web.de</a>:</span><span
                                    lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                              </div>
                              <blockquote
                                style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
                                <div>
                                  <div>
                                    <div>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                                        style="background:white"><span
                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                          lang="EN-US">Hi Albrect:</span><span
                                          lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                    </div>
                                    <div>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                                        style="background:white"><span
                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                          lang="EN-US"> </span><span
                                          lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                    </div>
                                    <div>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                                        style="background:white"><span
                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                          lang="EN-US">We are making
                                          some progress.  </span><span
                                          lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                    </div>
                                    <div>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                                        style="background:white"><span
                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                          lang="EN-US"> </span><span
                                          lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                    </div>
                                    <div>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                                        style="background:white"><span
                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                          lang="EN-US">To your remark
                                          that Swinger & Feynman
                                          introduced virtual charges, I
                                          note that they used the same
                                          term: "virtual
                                          charge/particle," in spite of
                                          the much older meaning in
                                          accord with the charge and
                                          mirror example.  In the finest
                                          of quantum traditions, they
                                          too ignored the rest of the
                                          universe and instead tried to
                                          vest its effect in the
                                          "vacuum."  This idea was
                                          suitably mystical to allow
                                          them to introduce the
                                          associated plaver into the
                                          folk lore of QM, given the
                                          sociology of the day.  Even in
                                          spite of this BS, the idea
                                          still has merit. Your
                                          objection on the basis of the
                                          1/r² fall-off is true but not
                                          conclusive.  This fall-off is
                                          matched by a r² increase in
                                          muber of charges, so the
                                          integrated total interaction
                                          can be expected to have at
                                          least some effect, no matter
                                          what.  Think of the universe
                                          to 1st order as a neutral,
                                          low-density plasma. I (and
                                          some others) hold that this
                                          interaction is responcible for
                                          all quantum effects.  In any
                                          case, no particle is a
                                          universe unto itself, the rest
                                          have the poulation and time to
                                          take a toll!  </span><span
                                          lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                    </div>
                                    <div>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                                        style="background:white"><span
                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                          lang="EN-US"> </span><span
                                          lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                    </div>
                                    <div>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                                        style="background:white"><span
                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                          lang="EN-US">BTW, this is
                                          history repeating itself.
                                           Once upon a time there was
                                          theory of Brownian motion that
                                          posited an internal cause
                                          known as "elan vital" to dust
                                          specks observed hopping about
                                          like Mexican jumping beans.
                                           Ultimately this nonsense was
                                          displaced by the observation
                                          that the dust spots were not
                                          alone in their immediate
                                          universe but imbededded in a
                                          slurry of other particles,
                                          also in motion, to which they
                                          were reacting.  Nowadays atoms
                                          are analysed in QM text books
                                          as if they were the only
                                          object in the universe---all
                                          others being too far away (so
                                          it is argued, anyway).  </span><span
                                          lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                    </div>
                                    <div>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                                        style="background:white"><span
                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                          lang="EN-US"> </span><span
                                          lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                    </div>
                                    <div>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                                        style="background:white"><span
                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                          lang="EN-US">Your model, as it
                                          stands, can be free of
                                          contradiction and still
                                          unstatisfying because the
                                          inputs seem to be just what is
                                          needed to make the conclusions
                                          you aim to make.  Fine, but
                                          what most critics will expect
                                          is that these inputs have to
                                          have some kind of
                                          justification or motivation.
                                           This is what the second
                                          particle lacks.  Where is it
                                          when one really looks for it?
                                           It has no empirical
                                          motivation.   Thus, this
                                          theory then has about the same
                                          ultimate structure, and
                                          pursuasiveness, as saying:
                                          'don't worry about it, God did
                                          it; go home, open a beer, pop
                                          your feet up, and forget about
                                          it---a theory which explains
                                          absolutely everything!</span><span
                                          lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                    </div>
                                    <div>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                                        style="background:white"><span
                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                          lang="EN-US"> </span><span
                                          lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                    </div>
                                    <div>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"
                                        style="background:white"><span
                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                          lang="EN-US">Tschuß,  Al</span><span
                                          lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                    </div>
                                    <div>
                                      <div
                                        style="border:none;border-left:solid
                                        #C3D9E5 1.5pt;padding:0cm 0cm
                                        0cm
8.0pt;margin-left:7.5pt;margin-top:7.5pt;margin-right:3.75pt;margin-bottom:3.75pt">
                                        <div style="margin-bottom:7.5pt">
                                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                                            style="background:white"><b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                                lang="EN-US">Gesendet:</span></b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                              lang="EN-US"> Donnerstag,
                                              12. November 2015 um 16:18
                                              Uhr<br>
                                              <b>Von:</b> "Dr. Albrecht
                                              Giese" <a
                                                class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de"><a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de"><genmail@a-giese.de></a></a><br>
                                              <b>An:</b> <a
                                                class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de">af.kracklauer@web.de</a></a><br>
                                              <b>Cc:</b> <a
                                                class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a></a><br>
                                              <b>Betreff:</b> Re:
                                              [General] Reply of
                                              comments from what a
                                              model…</span><span
                                              lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                        </div>
                                        <div>
                                          <div>
                                            <p class="MsoNormal"
                                              style="background:white"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                                lang="EN-US">Hi Al,<br>
                                                <br>
                                                I have gotten a
                                                different understanding
                                                of what a virtual
                                                particle or a virtual
                                                charge is. This
                                                phenomenon was invented
                                                by Julian Schwinger and
                                                Richard Feynman. They
                                                thought to need it in
                                                order to explain certain
                                                reactions in particle
                                                physics. In the case of
                                                Schwinger it was the
                                                Landé factor, where I
                                                have shown that this
                                                assumption is not
                                                necessary.<br>
                                                <br>
                                                If there is a charge
                                                then of course this
                                                charge is subject to
                                                interactions with all
                                                other charges in the
                                                universe. That is
                                                correct. But because of
                                                the normal distribution
                                                of these other charges
                                                in the universe, which
                                                cause a good
                                                compensation of the
                                                effects, and because of
                                                the distance law we can
                                                think about models
                                                without reference to
                                                those. And also there is
                                                the problem with virtual
                                                particles and vacuum
                                                polarization (which is
                                                equivalent), in that we
                                                have this huge problem
                                                that the integrated
                                                energy of it over the
                                                universe is by a factor
                                                of 10^120 higher than
                                                the energy measured. I
                                                think this is a really
                                                big argument against
                                                virtual effects.<br>
                                                <br>
                                                Your example of the
                                                virtual image of a
                                                charge in a conducting
                                                surface is a different
                                                case. It is, as you
                                                write, the rearrangement
                                                of charges in the
                                                conducting surface. So
                                                the partner of the
                                                charge is physically the
                                                mirror, not the picture
                                                behind it. But which
                                                mirror can cause the
                                                second particle in a
                                                model if the second
                                                particle is not assumed
                                                to be real?<br>
                                                <br>
                                                And what in general is
                                                the problem with a two
                                                particle model? It
                                                fulfils the momentum
                                                law. And it does not
                                                cause further conflicts.
                                                It also explains why an
                                                accelerated electron
                                                sometimes radiates,
                                                sometimes not. For an
                                                experimental evidence I
                                                refer again to the
                                                article of Frank Wilczek
                                                in "Nature" which was
                                                mentioned here earlier:<br>
                                                <br>
                                                <a
                                                  class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.nature.com/articles/498031a.epdf?referrer_access_token=ben9To-3oo1NBniBt2zIw9RgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0Mr0WZkh3ZGwaOU__QIZA8EEsfyjmdvPM68ya-MFh194zghek6jh7WqtGYeYWmES35o2U71x2DQVk0PFLoHQk5V5M-cak670GmcqKy2iZm7PPrWZKcv_J3SBA-hRXn4VJI1r9NxMvgmKog-topZaM03&tracking_referrer=www.nature.com"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.nature.com/articles/498031a.epdf?referrer_access_token=ben9To-3oo1NBniBt2zIw9RgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0Mr0WZkh3ZGwaOU__QIZA8EEsfyjmdvPM68ya-MFh194zghek6jh7WqtGYeYWmES35o2U71x2DQVk0PFLoHQk5V5M-cak670GmcqKy2iZm7PPrWZKcv_J3SBA-hRXn4VJI1r9NxMvgmKog-topZaM03&tracking_referrer=www.nature.com">http://www.nature.com/articles/498031a.epdf?referrer_access_token=ben9To-3oo1NBniBt2zIw9RgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0Mr0WZkh3ZGwaOU__QIZA8EEsfyjmdvPM68ya-MFh194zghek6jh7WqtGYeYWmES35o2U71x2DQVk0PFLoHQk5V5M-cak670GmcqKy2iZm7PPrWZKcv_J3SBA-hRXn4VJI1r9NxMvgmKog-topZaM03&tracking_referrer=www.nature.com</a></a>:
                                              </span><span
                                                style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                                lang="EN-US"><br>
                                                  </span><span
                                                lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                            <div>
                                              <p class="MsoNormal"
                                                style="background:white"><span
class="current-selection"><span
                                                    style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                                    lang="EN-US">He
                                                    writes: "By
                                                    combining
                                                    fragmentation with
                                                    super</span></span><span
                                                  class="ls0"><span
                                                    style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                                    lang="EN-US">-</span></span><span
class="current-selection"><span
                                                    style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                                    lang="EN-US">conductivity,

                                                    we can get
                                                    half-electrons that
                                                    are their own
                                                    antiparticles." </span></span><span
style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                                  lang="EN-US"><br>
                                                   </span><span
                                                  lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                            </div>
                                            <p class="MsoNormal"
                                              style="background:white"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                                lang="EN-US">For Wilczek
                                                this is a mysterious
                                                result, in view of my
                                                model it is not, on the
                                                contrary it is kind of a
                                                proof.<br>
                                                <br>
                                                Grüße<br>
                                                Albrecht</span><span
                                                style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                                lang="EN-US"><br>
                                                <br>
                                                  </span><span
                                                lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                            <div>
                                              <p class="MsoNormal"
                                                style="background:white"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                                  lang="EN-US">Am
                                                  12.11.2015 um 03:06
                                                  schrieb <a
                                                    class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de">af.kracklauer@web.de</a></a>:</span><span
                                                  lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                            </div>
                                            <blockquote
                                              style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
                                              <div>
                                                <div>
                                                  <div>
                                                    <p class="MsoNormal"
style="background:white"><span
                                                        style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                                        lang="EN-US">Hi
                                                        Albrecht:</span><span
                                                        lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                  </div>
                                                  <div>
                                                    <p class="MsoNormal"
style="background:white"><span
                                                        style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                                        lang="EN-US"> </span><span
                                                        lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                  </div>
                                                  <div>
                                                    <p class="MsoNormal"
style="background:white"><span
                                                        style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                                        lang="EN-US">Virtual

                                                        particles are
                                                        proxys for an
                                                        ensemble of real
                                                        particles.
                                                         There is
                                                        nothing
                                                        folly-lolly
                                                        about them!
                                                         They simply
                                                        summarize the
                                                        total effect of
                                                        particles that
                                                        cannot be
                                                        ignored.  To
                                                        ignore the
                                                        remainder of the
                                                        universe becasue
                                                        it is
                                                        inconvenient for
                                                        theory
                                                        formulation is
                                                        for certain
                                                        leading to
                                                        error.  "No man
                                                        is an island,"
                                                         and no single
                                                        particle is a
                                                        universe!  Thus,
                                                        it can be argued
                                                        that, to reject
                                                        the concept of
                                                        virtual
                                                        particles is to
                                                        reject a facit
                                                        of reality that
                                                        must be
                                                        essential for an
                                                        explantion of
                                                        the material
                                                        world.</span><span
                                                        lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                  </div>
                                                  <div>
                                                    <p class="MsoNormal"
style="background:white"><span
                                                        style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                                        lang="EN-US"> </span><span
                                                        lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                  </div>
                                                  <div>
                                                    <p class="MsoNormal"
style="background:white"><span
                                                        style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                                        lang="EN-US">For
                                                        example, if a
                                                        positive charge
                                                        is placed near a
                                                        conducting
                                                        surface, the
                                                        charges in that
                                                        surface will
                                                        respond to the
                                                        positive charge
                                                        by rearranging
                                                        themselves so as
                                                        to give a total
                                                        field on the
                                                        surface of zero
                                                        strength as if
                                                        there were a
                                                        negative charge
                                                        (virtual) behind
                                                        the mirror.
                                                         Without the
                                                        real charges on
                                                        the mirror
                                                        surface, the
                                                        concept of
                                                        "virtual"
                                                        negative charge
                                                        would not be
                                                        necessary or
                                                        even useful.  </span><span
                                                        lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                  </div>
                                                  <div>
                                                    <p class="MsoNormal"
style="background:white"><span
                                                        style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                                        lang="EN-US"> </span><span
                                                        lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                  </div>
                                                  <div>
                                                    <p class="MsoNormal"
style="background:white"><span
                                                        style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                                        lang="EN-US">The
                                                        concept of
                                                        virtual charge
                                                        as the second
                                                        particle in your
                                                        model seems to
                                                        me to be not
                                                        just a wild
                                                        supposition, but
                                                        an absolute
                                                        necessity.
                                                         Every charge
                                                        is, without
                                                        choice, in
                                                        constant
                                                        interaction with
                                                        every other
                                                        charge in the
                                                        universe, has
                                                        been so since
                                                        the big bang (if
                                                        such were) and
                                                        will remain so
                                                        till the big
                                                        crunch (if such
                                                        is to be)!  The
                                                        universe cannot
                                                        be ignored. If
                                                        you reject
                                                        including the
                                                        universe by
                                                        means of virtual
                                                        charges, them
                                                        you have a lot
                                                        more work to do
                                                        to make your
                                                        theory
                                                        reasonable some
                                                        how else.  In
                                                        particular in
                                                        view of the fact
                                                        that the second
                                                        particles in
                                                        your model have
                                                        never ever been
                                                        seen or even
                                                        suspected in the
                                                        various
                                                        experiments
                                                        resulting in the
                                                        disasssmbly of
                                                        whatever targert
                                                        was used.  </span><span
                                                        lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                  </div>
                                                  <div>
                                                    <p class="MsoNormal"
style="background:white"><span
                                                        style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                                        lang="EN-US"> </span><span
                                                        lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                  </div>
                                                  <div>
                                                    <p class="MsoNormal"
style="background:white"><span
                                                        style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                                        lang="EN-US">MfG,

                                                         Al</span><span
                                                        lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                  </div>
                                                  <div>
                                                    <p class="MsoNormal"
style="background:white"><span
                                                        style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                                        lang="EN-US">  </span><span
                                                        lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                    <div
                                                      style="border:none;border-left:solid
                                                      #C3D9E5
                                                      1.5pt;padding:0cm
                                                      0cm 0cm
8.0pt;margin-left:7.5pt;margin-top:7.5pt;margin-right:3.75pt;margin-bottom:3.75pt">
                                                      <div
                                                        style="margin-bottom:7.5pt">
                                                        <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="background:white"><b><span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="EN-US">Gesendet:</span></b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="EN-US"> Mittwoch,

                                                          11. November
                                                          2015 um 22:37
                                                          Uhr<br>
                                                          <b>Von:</b> "Dr.

                                                          Albrecht
                                                          Giese" <a
                                                          class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de"><a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de"><genmail@a-giese.de></a></a><br>
                                                          <b>An:</b> <a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de">af.kracklauer@web.de</a></a>,
                                                          <a
                                                          class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a></a><br>
                                                          <b>Betreff:</b> Re:

                                                          [General]
                                                          Reply of
                                                          comments from
                                                          what a model…</span><span
                                                          lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                      </div>
                                                      <div>
                                                        <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="background:white"><span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="EN-US">Hi

                                                          Al,<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          if we think in
                                                          categories of
                                                          a virtual
                                                          image, then we
                                                          are in my
                                                          understanding
                                                          fully on the
                                                          path of
                                                          present main
                                                          stream QM. I
                                                          have
                                                          understood
                                                          that we all
                                                          want to do
                                                          something
                                                          better than
                                                          that.<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          Regarding
                                                          virtual
                                                          phenomena I
                                                          would like to
                                                          remind you
                                                          again of the
                                                          history of
                                                          such ideas. In
                                                          the 1940ies
                                                          Julian
                                                          Schwinger has
                                                          introduced
                                                          vacuum
                                                          polarization
                                                          (which is
                                                          equivalent to
                                                          virtual
                                                          particles
                                                          according to
                                                          Feynman) to
                                                          determine the
                                                          Landé factor
                                                          for refining
                                                          the Bohr
                                                          magneton. This
                                                          was the birth
                                                          of it.<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          On the other
                                                          hand I have
                                                          shown that I
                                                          can deduce the
                                                          Bohr magneton
                                                          as well as the
                                                          Landé factor
                                                          in a classical
                                                          way if I use
                                                          my particle
                                                          model. And
                                                          that is
                                                          possible and
                                                          was done on a
                                                          pure classical
                                                          way. For me
                                                          this is a good
                                                          example that
                                                          we can do
                                                          things better
                                                          than by QM. In
                                                          particular I
                                                          try to have
                                                          correct
                                                          results
                                                          without using
                                                          any virtual
                                                          objects.<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          Back to your
                                                          question: If
                                                          we build a
                                                          particle model
                                                          on a classical
                                                          basis then
                                                          there is no
                                                          place for a
                                                          virtual image,
                                                          and so I see
                                                          the need for
                                                          two
                                                          sub-particles.<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          Ciao, Albrecht<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          <br>
                                                            </span><span
                                                          lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="background:white"><span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="EN-US">Am

                                                          11.11.2015 um
                                                          17:27 schrieb
                                                          <a
                                                          class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de">af.kracklauer@web.de</a></a>:</span><span
                                                          lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <blockquote
                                                          style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
                                                          <div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="background:white"><span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="EN-US"> 
                                                          </span><span
                                                          lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="background:white"><span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="EN-US"> 
                                                          </span><span
                                                          lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          <div
                                                          style="border:none;border-left:solid
                                                          #C3D9E5
                                                          1.5pt;padding:0cm
                                                          0cm 0cm
8.0pt;margin-left:7.5pt;margin-top:7.5pt;margin-right:3.75pt;margin-bottom:3.75pt">
                                                          <div
                                                          style="margin-bottom:7.5pt">
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="background:white"><b><span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="EN-US">Gesendet:</span></b><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="EN-US"> Mittwoch,

                                                          11. November
                                                          2015 um 11:54
                                                          Uhr<br>
                                                          <b>Von:</b> "Dr.

                                                          Albrecht
                                                          Giese" <a
                                                          class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de"><a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de"><genmail@a-giese.de></a></a><br>
                                                          <b>An:</b> <a
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
                                                          href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a></a><br>
                                                          <b>Betreff:</b> Re:

                                                          [General]
                                                          Reply of
                                                          comments from
                                                          what a model…</span><span
                                                          lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="background:white"><span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="EN-US">Hi

                                                           Albrecht:</span><span
                                                          lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="background:white"><span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="EN-US"> </span><span
                                                          lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="background:white"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#006600"
                                                          lang="EN-US">You

                                                          said:  A model
                                                          with only one
                                                          particle is in
                                                          my view also
                                                          not possible
                                                          as it violates
                                                          the
                                                          conservation
                                                          of momentum. A
                                                          single object
                                                          can never
                                                          oscillate.</span><span
                                                          lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="background:white"><span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="EN-US"> </span><span
                                                          lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="background:white"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#006600"
                                                          lang="EN-US">I
                                                          ask:   Why
                                                          can't a single
                                                          particle
                                                          oscillate
                                                          against, or in
                                                          consort with,
                                                          its own
                                                          virtual image.
                                                          (Presuming
                                                          there is
                                                          charge complex
                                                          around---mirror

                                                          in 2d,
                                                          negative
                                                          sphere (I
                                                          think) in
                                                          3d)? </span><span
                                                          lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="background:white"><span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="EN-US"> </span><span
                                                          lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="background:white"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif;color:#006600"
                                                          lang="EN-US">ciao,

                                                           Al</span><span
                                                          lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="background:white"><span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                                          lang="EN-US"> 
                                                          </span><span
                                                          lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="text-align:center;background:white" align="center"><span
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                                                          E-Mail wurde
                                                          von Avast
                                                          Antivirus-Software
                                                          auf Viren
                                                          geprüft.<br>
                                                          <a
                                                          class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="http://www.avast.com"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.avast.com">www.avast.com</a></a></span><o:p></o:p></p>
                                                          </td>
                                                          </tr>
                                                          </tbody>
                                                          </table>
                                                        </div>
                                                      </div>
                                                    </div>
                                                  </div>
                                                </div>
                                              </div>
                                            </blockquote>
                                            <p class="MsoNormal"
                                              style="background:white"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                                lang="EN-US"><br>
                                                <br>
                                                  </span><span
                                                lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                            <div class="MsoNormal"
                                              style="text-align:center;background:white"
                                              align="center"><span
                                                style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                                lang="EN-US">
                                                <hr
                                                  style="color:#909090"
                                                  noshade="noshade"
                                                  size="1" width="99%"
                                                  align="center"></span></div>
                                            <table
                                              class="MsoNormalTable"
                                              style="border-collapse:collapse"
                                              border="0" cellpadding="0"
                                              cellspacing="0">
                                              <tbody>
                                                <tr>
                                                  <td style="padding:0cm
                                                    11.25pt 0cm 6.0pt">
                                                    <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                                        lang="EN-US"><a
moz-do-not-send="true" href="https://www.avast.com/antivirus"
                                                          target="_blank"><span
style="text-decoration:none"><img moz-do-not-send="true"
                                                          id="_x0000_i1031"
src="http://static.avast.com/emails/avast-mail-stamp.png" alt="Avast
                                                          logo"
                                                          border="0"></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                  </td>
                                                  <td
                                                    style="padding:.75pt
                                                    .75pt .75pt .75pt">
                                                    <p><span
                                                        style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#3D4D5A">Diese

                                                        E-Mail wurde von
                                                        Avast
                                                        Antivirus-Software
                                                        auf Viren
                                                        geprüft.<br>
                                                        <a
                                                          class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="http://www.avast.com"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.avast.com">www.avast.com</a></a></span><o:p></o:p></p>
                                                  </td>
                                                </tr>
                                              </tbody>
                                            </table>
                                          </div>
                                        </div>
                                      </div>
                                    </div>
                                  </div>
                                </div>
                              </blockquote>
                              <p class="MsoNormal"
                                style="background:white"><span
                                  style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                  lang="EN-US"><br>
                                  <br>
                                    </span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                              <div class="MsoNormal"
                                style="text-align:center;background:white"
                                align="center"><span
                                  style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"
                                  lang="EN-US">
                                  <hr style="color:#909090"
                                    noshade="noshade" size="1"
                                    width="99%" align="center"></span></div>
                              <table class="MsoNormalTable"
                                style="border-collapse:collapse"
                                border="0" cellpadding="0"
                                cellspacing="0">
                                <tbody>
                                  <tr>
                                    <td style="padding:0cm 11.25pt 0cm
                                      6.0pt">
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          lang="EN-US"><a
                                            moz-do-not-send="true"
                                            href="https://www.avast.com/antivirus"
                                            target="_blank"><span
                                              style="text-decoration:none"><img
                                                moz-do-not-send="true"
                                                id="_x0000_i1033"
                                                src="http://static.avast.com/emails/avast-mail-stamp.png"
                                                alt="Avast logo"
                                                border="0"></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                    </td>
                                    <td style="padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt
                                      .75pt">
                                      <p><span
                                          style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#3D4D5A">Diese

                                          E-Mail wurde von Avast
                                          Antivirus-Software auf Viren
                                          geprüft.<br>
                                          <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                                            href="https://www.avast.com/antivirus"
                                            target="_blank">www.avast.com</a></span><o:p></o:p></p>
                                    </td>
                                  </tr>
                                </tbody>
                              </table>
                            </div>
                          </div>
                        </div>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                  </blockquote>
                  <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span
                      lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                  <div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center"
                    align="center"><span lang="EN-US">
                      <hr style="color:#909090" noshade="noshade"
                        size="1" width="99%" align="center"></span></div>
                  <table class="MsoNormalTable"
                    style="border-collapse:collapse" border="0"
                    cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                    <tbody>
                      <tr>
                        <td style="padding:0cm 11.25pt 0cm 6.0pt">
                          <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><a
                                moz-do-not-send="true"
                                href="https://www.avast.com/antivirus"
                                target="_blank"><span
                                  style="text-decoration:none"><img
                                    moz-do-not-send="true"
                                    id="_x0000_i1035"
                                    src="http://static.avast.com/emails/avast-mail-stamp.png"
                                    alt="Avast logo" border="0"></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                        </td>
                        <td style="padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">
                          <p><span
                              style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#3D4D5A">Diese

                              E-Mail wurde von Avast Antivirus-Software
                              auf Viren geprüft. <br>
                              <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                                href="https://www.avast.com/antivirus"
                                target="_blank">www.avast.com</a> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
                        </td>
                      </tr>
                    </tbody>
                  </table>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                </blockquote>
                <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><br>
                  <br>
                  <o:p></o:p></p>
                <div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center"
                  align="center">
                  <hr style="color:#909090" noshade="noshade" size="1"
                    width="99%" align="center"></div>
                <table class="MsoNormalTable"
                  style="border-collapse:collapse" border="0"
                  cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tbody>
                    <tr>
                      <td style="padding:0cm 11.25pt 0cm 6.0pt">
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                            style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif"><a
                              moz-do-not-send="true"
                              href="https://www.avast.com/antivirus"
                              target="_blank"><span
                                style="text-decoration:none"><img
                                  moz-do-not-send="true"
                                  id="_x0000_i1037"
                                  src="http://static.avast.com/emails/avast-mail-stamp.png"
                                  alt="Avast logo" border="0"></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                      </td>
                      <td style="padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">
                        <p><span
                            style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#3D4D5A">Diese

                            E-Mail wurde von Avast Antivirus-Software
                            auf Viren geprüft. <br>
                            <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                              href="https://www.avast.com/antivirus"
                              target="_blank">www.avast.com</a> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </tbody>
                </table>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </blockquote>
        <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><br>
          <br>
          <o:p></o:p></p>
        <div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center" align="center">
          <hr style="color:#909090" noshade="noshade" size="1"
            width="99%" align="center"></div>
        <table class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse:collapse"
          border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td style="padding:0cm 11.25pt 0cm 6.0pt">
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                    style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif"><a
                      moz-do-not-send="true"
                      href="https://www.avast.com/antivirus"><span
                        style="text-decoration:none"><img
                          moz-do-not-send="true" id="_x0000_i1039"
                          src="http://static.avast.com/emails/avast-mail-stamp.png"
                          alt="Avast logo" border="0"></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
              </td>
              <td style="padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt">
                <p><span
                    style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#3D4D5A">Diese

                    E-Mail wurde von Avast Antivirus-Software auf Viren
                    geprüft. <br>
                    <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                      href="https://www.avast.com/antivirus">www.avast.com</a>
                    <o:p></o:p></span></p>
              </td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    <br>
  
<br /><br />
<hr style='border:none; color:#909090; background-color:#B0B0B0; height: 1px; width: 99%;' />
<table style='border-collapse:collapse;border:none;'>
        <tr>
                <td style='border:none;padding:0px 15px 0px 8px'>
                        <a href="https://www.avast.com/antivirus">
                                <img border=0 src="http://static.avast.com/emails/avast-mail-stamp.png" alt="Avast logo" />
                        </a>
                </td>
                <td>
                        <p style='color:#3d4d5a; font-family:"Calibri","Verdana","Arial","Helvetica"; font-size:12pt;'>
                                Diese E-Mail wurde von Avast Antivirus-Software auf Viren geprüft.
                                <br><a href="https://www.avast.com/antivirus">www.avast.com</a>
                        </p>
                </td>
        </tr>
</table>
<br />
</body>
</html>