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    Hi Al,<br>
    <br>
    what empirical evidence you are looking for? <br>
    <br>
    We never see elementary particles by our eyes. But even worse: Both
    stable quarks, the Up- and the Down-quark, have not only failed to
    be seen, it was never possible to isolate them. The only argument in
    favour of them is the fact that some mathematical evaluations of
    particle reactions are easier with the assumption of these quarks.
    And the quarks are given properties like a mass and an electrical
    charge (i.e. 1/3 electron charge) which was never based on
    measurements. The only argument also in this case is the easier
    mathematics if this model is used. But they are these days the
    central particles for the understanding of hadrons. Nobody questions
    this. - In comparison to this situation my second sub-particle in
    the electron has in my view much more evidence beyond mathematical
    advantages.<br>
    <br>
    And another example, from astronomy: Planets outside our solar
    system are not visible in the normal cases. But astronomers observe
    that some stars, which are assumed to be central stars, show small
    periodical motions. From these it is concluded that there are
    planets, and also properties of these planets are derived from this
    visible motion.<br>
    <br>
    Why not assume that the second particle in the electron is a virtual
    one? Ok, but then one has to explain how this virtual particle is
    caused. Something like a mirror in the electron? Or a different
    mechanism? And what is about the electrical charge? Does the real
    particle carry the full charge or is the charge distributed between
    the real and the virtual constituent? In the former case there would
    be a problem to deduce the Landé factor in a classical way which is
    possible by my model.<br>
    <br>
    Anyway, if you have such a model with a virtual one in mind and you
    can tell all necessary arguments for its existence, and the
    quantitative evaluation has correct results, AND this model is
    simpler that the model with 2 sub-particles, that would be a great
    outcome. So, please give details ....<br>
    <br>
    Chiao<br>
    Albrecht<br>
     <br>
    <br>
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">Am 24.11.2015 um 18:40 schrieb
      <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de">af.kracklauer@web.de</a>:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote
cite="mid:trinity-30a3c740-3252-4fc3-9192-3a9b2f708fde-1448386828876@3capp-webde-bap38"
      type="cite">
      <div style="font-family: Verdana;font-size: 12.0px;">
        <div>
          <div>Hi Albrecht:</div>
          <div> </div>
          <div>Your responce has little relaiton to my previous
            comments.  </div>
          <div> </div>
          <div>I qubble not with your results, nor even the inputs:
            except to point out that one of them is unjustified or
            unmotivated by any emperical evidence---AS YOU TELL THE
            STORY!  </div>
          <div> </div>
          <div>What I'm failing to get you to consider, is that the 2nd
            particle is a virtual image of the 1st in a delayed
            position.  WHY NOT?   [Don't tell me there's no empirical
            evidence!]</div>
          <div> </div>
          <div>ciao, Al</div>
          <div> </div>
          <div> </div>
          <div> 
            <div name="quote" style="margin:10px 5px 5px 10px; padding:
              10px 0 10px 10px; border-left:2px solid #C3D9E5;
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              <div style="margin:0 0 10px 0;"><b>Gesendet:</b> Dienstag,
                24. November 2015 um 18:18 Uhr<br>
                <b>Von:</b> "Albrecht Giese" <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de"><genmail@a-giese.de></a><br>
                <b>An:</b> <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de">af.kracklauer@web.de</a><br>
                <b>Cc:</b> <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a><br>
                <b>Betreff:</b> Re: [General] Reply of comments from
                what a model…</div>
              <div name="quoted-content">
                <div style="background-color: rgb(255,255,255);">Hi Al,<br>
                  <br>
                  I have nothing better to answer than to point again to
                  the fact that this set up of two particles not only
                  explains the fact of inertia, but also yields very
                  precise results. I have not heard yet about another
                  theory which is even able to provide the first point.<br>
                  <br>
                  And there is no experiment (no one has given an
                  argument into that direction) which is in conflict
                  with this assumption.<br>
                  <br>
                  What else can one expect from a theory? Right, if
                  another theory, which is simpler by being based on a
                  smaller number of assumptions, yields the same result.
                  So, which one??<br>
                  <br>
                  Best regards<br>
                  Albrecht<br>
                  <br>
                   
                  <div class="moz-cite-prefix">Am 18.11.2015 um 20:04
                    schrieb <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                      class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
                      href="af.kracklauer@web.de" target="_parent">af.kracklauer@web.de</a>:</div>
                  <blockquote>
                    <div style="font-family: Verdana;font-size: 12.0px;">
                      <div>
                        <div>Hi Albrecht:</div>
                        <div> </div>
                        <div>I have and had nothing to say about your
                          motivation <em>per se</em>.  I tried to say
                          that, I see no physical-empirical
                          justification for the 2nd particle.  The issue
                          is not that I do not, or can not, follow your
                          arguments, but that I find them incomplete (as
                          just mentioned).  I note that others have made
                          the same objection.  Obendarauf, I have made
                          my own suggestion for a motivation for the 2nd
                          particle, namely a virtual image.  If you
                          don't like this idea, fine!  It would be
                          easier to swallow, however, if you gave a
                          sensible reason, but that is secondary.</div>
                        <div> </div>
                        <div>BTW, <em>a postiriori  </em>success could
                          justify a search for empirical support for the
                          2nd particle, but not a complete
                          theory---until empirical evidence is found.
                           There are literally hundreds of candiate
                          theories for everything, Few are taken at all
                          seriously because they are jumbeled up in
                          their fundamentals:  primative element
                          selction, and whatnot.  That fact that,
                          histrical celeberties got away with it, is
                          part luck and a lot of sociological guerilla
                          warfare---techniques not availble to us in the
                          trenches.</div>
                        <div> </div>
                        <div>Another result of formal logic is that,
                          within an inconsistent logical sturture
                          (theory) all theorems, right or wrong, can be
                          proven.  Thus, too much success is suspicious!</div>
                        <div> </div>
                        <div>Best regards,  Al</div>
                        <div> 
                          <div style="margin: 10.0px 5.0px 5.0px
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                            <div style="margin: 0 0 10.0px 0;"><b>Gesendet:</b> Mittwoch,
                              18. November 2015 um 11:03 Uhr<br>
                              <b>Von:</b> "Dr. Albrecht Giese" <a
                                moz-do-not-send="true"
                                class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
                                href="genmail@a-giese.de"
                                target="_parent"><a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de"><genmail@a-giese.de></a></a><br>
                              <b>An:</b> <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                                class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
                                href="af.kracklauer@web.de"
                                target="_parent">af.kracklauer@web.de</a><br>
                              <b>Cc:</b> <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                                class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
                                href="general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"
                                target="_parent">general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a><br>
                              <b>Betreff:</b> Re: [General] Reply of
                              comments from what a model…</div>
                            <div>
                              <div style="background-color:
                                rgb(255,255,255);"><small>Hi Al,<br>
                                  <br>
                                  <font color="#006600">I completely
                                    disagree with your conclusions about
                                    the motivation towards my model
                                    because my intention was not to
                                    develop a particle model. My
                                    intention was to develop a better
                                    understanding of time in relativity.
                                    My present model was an unexpected
                                    consequence of this work.  I show
                                    you my arguments again and ask you
                                    to indicate the point where you do
                                    not follow.</font></small><br>
                                 
                                <div class="moz-cite-prefix"><small>Am
                                    17.11.2015 um 19:18 schrieb <a
                                      moz-do-not-send="true"
                                      class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de">af.kracklauer@web.de</a></a>:</small></div>
                                <blockquote>
                                  <div style="font-family:
                                    Verdana;font-size: 12.0px;">
                                    <div>
                                      <div>Hi Albrect:</div>
                                      <div> </div>
                                      <div>Comments²   <strong>IN BOLD</strong></div>
                                      <div> 
                                        <div style="margin: 10.0px 5.0px
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                                          <div style="margin: 0 0 10.0px
                                            0;"><b>Gesendet:</b> Dienstag,
                                            17. November 2015 um 18:41
                                            Uhr<br>
                                            <b>Von:</b> "Dr. Albrecht
                                            Giese" <a
                                              moz-do-not-send="true"
                                              class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
                                              href="genmail@a-giese.de"
                                              target="_parent"><a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de"><genmail@a-giese.de></a></a><br>
                                            <b>An:</b> <a
                                              moz-do-not-send="true"
                                              class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de">af.kracklauer@web.de</a></a><br>
                                            <b>Cc:</b> <a
                                              moz-do-not-send="true"
                                              class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a></a><br>
                                            <b>Betreff:</b> Re:
                                            [General] Reply of comments
                                            from what a model…</div>
                                          <div>
                                            <div
                                              style="background-color:
                                              rgb(255,255,255);"><small>Hi
                                                Al,<br>
                                                <br>
                                                again some responses.</small><br>
                                               
                                              <div
                                                class="moz-cite-prefix"><small>Am
                                                  14.11.2015 um 18:24
                                                  schrieb <a
                                                    moz-do-not-send="true"
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="af.kracklauer@web.de"
                                                    target="_parent"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de">af.kracklauer@web.de</a></a>:</small></div>
                                              <blockquote>
                                                <div style="font-family:
                                                  Verdana;font-size:
                                                  12.0px;">
                                                  <div>
                                                    <div>Hi Albrecht:</div>
                                                    <div> </div>
                                                    <div>Answers to your
                                                      questions:</div>
                                                    <div> </div>
                                                    <div>1) The SED
                                                      background
                                                      explains the
                                                      Planck BB
                                                      distribution
                                                       without
                                                      quantization. It
                                                      explans why an
                                                      atom doesn't
                                                      collapse: in
                                                      equilibrium with
                                                      background, In
                                                      fact, just about
                                                      every effect
                                                      described by 2nd
                                                      quantization has
                                                      an SED parallel
                                                      explantion without
                                                       additional
                                                      considerations.
                                                       With the
                                                      additional input
                                                      of the SED origin
                                                      of deBroglie
                                                      waves, it provides
                                                      a direct
                                                      derivation of the
                                                      Schröedinger eq.
                                                      thereby
                                                      explainiong all of
                                                      1st Quantization.</div>
                                                  </div>
                                                </div>
                                              </blockquote>
                                              <div><small>Maybe you
                                                  achieve something when
                                                  using SED background.
                                                  I do not really
                                                  understand this
                                                  background, but I do
                                                  not see a stringent
                                                  necessity for it. But
                                                  SED as an origin to
                                                  the de Broglie waves
                                                  is of interest for me.
                                                  I am presently working
                                                  on de Broglie waves to
                                                  find a solution, which
                                                  does not have the
                                                  logical conflicts
                                                  which we have
                                                  discussed here.</small></div>
                                              <div> </div>
                                              <div><strong>See No. 11
                                                  (or 1) @ <a
                                                    moz-do-not-send="true"
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
                                                    href="http://www.nonloco-physics.0catch.com"
                                                    target="_blank"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.nonloco-physics.0catch.com">www.nonloco-physics.0catch.com</a></a>
                                                    for suggetions and
                                                  some previous work
                                                  along this line.</strong></div>
                                            </div>
                                          </div>
                                        </div>
                                      </div>
                                    </div>
                                  </div>
                                </blockquote>
                                <font color="#006600"><small><strong>Thank
                                      you, will have a look.</strong></small></font>
                                <blockquote>
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                                              <blockquote>
                                                <div style="font-family:
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                                                  <div>
                                                    <div>2) Olber's
                                                      logic is in
                                                      conflict with
                                                      Mach's Principle,
                                                      so is obviously
                                                      just valid for
                                                      visible light.
                                                       Given a little
                                                      intergalacitc
                                                      plasma (1 H/m³),
                                                      not to mention
                                                      atmossphere and
                                                      interplanatary
                                                      plama, visible
                                                      light disappears
                                                      to Earthbound
                                                      observers at
                                                      visitble freqs to
                                                      reappear at other,
                                                      perhaps at 2.7°
                                                      even, or at any
                                                      other long or
                                                      hyper short wave
                                                      length.  'The
                                                      universe
                                                      matters'---which
                                                      is even
                                                      politically
                                                      correct nowadays!</div>
                                                  </div>
                                                </div>
                                              </blockquote>
                                              <div><small>Olber's logic
                                                  is simple in so far,
                                                  as it shows that the
                                                  universe cannot be
                                                  infinite. I have
                                                  assumed the same for
                                                  all background
                                                  effects. Or are they
                                                  infinite?</small></div>
                                              <div> </div>
                                              <div><small><strong>The
                                                    fly in the ointment
                                                    is absorbtion.  An
                                                    inf. universe with
                                                    absorbtion in the
                                                    visible part of the
                                                    spectrum will still
                                                    have a largely dark
                                                    sky.  </strong></small></div>
                                            </div>
                                          </div>
                                        </div>
                                      </div>
                                    </div>
                                  </div>
                                </blockquote>
                                <font color="#006600"><small><strong>And
                                      the other way around: Even if
                                      there is no absorption, the sky
                                      will be dark. And the general
                                      opinion is that, even if there is
                                      a lot of radiation absorbed, this
                                      absorbing material will heat up by
                                      the time and radiate as well. So
                                      an absorption should not change
                                      too much.</strong></small></font>
                                <blockquote>
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                                          <div>
                                            <div
                                              style="background-color:
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                                              <div><br>
                                                <small>What is the
                                                  conflict with Mach's
                                                  principle?</small></div>
                                              <div> </div>
                                              <div><strong>Mach says:
                                                  the gravitational
                                                  "background radiation"
                                                  is the cause of
                                                  inertia. This effect
                                                  is parallel to the SED
                                                  bacground causing QM
                                                  effects. Conflict: if
                                                  Olber is right, then
                                                  Mach is probably wrong
                                                  (too weak).</strong></div>
                                            </div>
                                          </div>
                                        </div>
                                      </div>
                                    </div>
                                  </div>
                                </blockquote>
                                <font color="#006600"><small><strong>In
                                      my understanding, what Mach means
                                      is completely different. Mach's
                                      intention was to find a reference
                                      system which is absolute with
                                      respect to acceleration. He
                                      assumed that this is caused by the
                                      stars in our vicinity. He did not
                                      have a certain idea how this
                                      happens, he only needed the fact.
                                      (Einstein replaced this necessity
                                      by his equivalence of gravity and
                                      acceleration - which however is
                                      clearly falsified as mentioned
                                      several times.)</strong></small></font>
                                <blockquote>
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                                                    <div>3) The (wide
                                                      spread) criticism
                                                      of 2 particles is
                                                      that there is
                                                      neither an <em>a-priori</em>
                                                      intuative reason,
                                                      nor empirical
                                                      evidence that they
                                                      exist.  Maybe they
                                                      do anyway.  But
                                                      then, maybe Zeus
                                                      does too, and he
                                                      is just arranging
                                                      appearances so
                                                      that we amuse
                                                      ourselves.  (Try
                                                      to prove that
                                                      wrong!) </div>
                                                    <div> </div>
                                                  </div>
                                                </div>
                                              </blockquote>
                                              <div><small>I have
                                                  explained how I came
                                                  to the conclusion of 2
                                                  sub-particles. Again:<br>
                                                  <br>
                                                  1) There is motion
                                                  with c in an
                                                  elementary particle to
                                                  explain dilation<br>
                                                  2) With only on
                                                  particle such process
                                                  is mechanically not
                                                  possible, and it
                                                  violates the
                                                  conservation of
                                                  momentum<br>
                                                  3) In this way it is
                                                  the only working model
                                                  theses days to explain
                                                  inertia. And this
                                                  model explains inertia
                                                  with high precision.
                                                  What more is needed?</small></div>
                                              <div> </div>
                                              <div><small><strong>These
                                                    assumtions are
                                                    "teleological,"
                                                     i.e., tuned to give
                                                    the desired results.
                                                     As logic, although
                                                    often done, this
                                                    manuver is not legit
                                                    in the formal
                                                    presentation of a
                                                    theory.  For a
                                                    physics theory,
                                                    ideally, all the
                                                    input assuptios have
                                                    empirical
                                                    justification or
                                                    motivation.  Your
                                                    2nd partical (modulo
                                                    virtual images) has
                                                    no such motivatin,
                                                    in fact, just the
                                                    opposite. </strong></small></div>
                                            </div>
                                          </div>
                                        </div>
                                      </div>
                                    </div>
                                  </div>
                                </blockquote>
                                <font color="#006600"><small><strong>My
                                      logical way is just the other way
                                      around. I had the plan to work on
                                      relativity (the aspects of time),
                                      not on particle physics. The
                                      particle model was an unplanned
                                      spin-off.   I shall try to explain
                                      the logical path again:<br>
                                      <br>
                                      <u>1st step:</u> I have calculated
                                      the 4-dimensional speed of an
                                      object using the temporal part of
                                      the Lorentz transformation. The
                                      surprising fact was that this
                                      4-dim. speed is always the speed
                                      of light. I have then assumed that
                                      this constant shows a permanent
                                      motion with c in a particle. I
                                      have accepted this as a probable
                                      solution, but I have never assumed
                                      this, before I had this result. It
                                      was in no way a desired result. My
                                      idea was to describe time by a
                                      vector of 3 of 4 dimensions. - I
                                      have then </strong></small></font><font
                                  color="#006600"><small><strong>no
                                      further </strong></small></font><font
                                  color="#006600"><small><strong>followed
                                      this idea.<br>
                                      <u>2nd step:</u> If there is some
                                      motion in the particle, it cannot
                                      be caused by one constituent. This
                                      is logically not possible as it
                                      violates the conservation of
                                      momentum. Also this was not a
                                      desired result but logically
                                      inevitable.<br>
                                      <u>3rd step:</u> If the
                                      constituents move with c, then
                                      they cannot have any mass. Also
                                      this was not a result which I
                                      wished to achieve, but here I
                                      followed my understanding of
                                      relativity.</strong></small></font><br>
                                <strong><small><font color="#006600"><u><strong>4th
                                        </strong></u><u>step:</u> The
                                      size must be such that the
                                      resulting frequency in the view of
                                      c yields the magnetic moment which
                                      is known by measurements.<br>
                                      <u>5th step:</u> I had to find a
                                      reason for the mass of the
                                      electron in spite of the fact that
                                      the constituents do not have any
                                      mass. After some thinking I found
                                      out the fact that any extended
                                      object has necessarily inertia. I
                                      have applied this insight to this
                                      particle model, and the result was
                                      the actual mass of the electron,
                                      if I assumed that the force is the
                                      strong force. It could not be the
                                      electric force (as it was assumed
                                      by others at earlier times)
                                      because the result is too weak.<br>
                                      <br>
                                      None of the results from step 1
                                      thru step 5 was desired. Every
                                      step was inevitable, because our
                                      standard physical understanding
                                      (which I did not change at any
                                      point) does not allow for any
                                      alternative. - <u>Or at which
                                        step could I hav</u><u>e had an
                                        alternative in your opinion?</u><br>
                                      <br>
                                      And btw: which is the stringent
                                      argument for only one constituent?
                                      As I mentioned before, the
                                      experiment is not an argument. I
                                      have discussed my model with the
                                      former research director of DESY
                                      who was responsible for this type
                                      of electron experiments, and he
                                      admitted that there is no conflict
                                      with the assumption of 2
                                      constituents.</font></small></strong>
                                <blockquote>
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                                              <div><br>
                                                <small>I know from
                                                  several discussions
                                                  with particle
                                                  physicists that there
                                                  is a lot of resistance
                                                  against this
                                                  assumption of 2
                                                  constituents. The
                                                  reason is that
                                                  everyone learn at
                                                  university like with
                                                  mother's milk that the
                                                  electron is
                                                  point-like, extremely
                                                  small and does not
                                                  have any internal
                                                  structure. This has
                                                  the effect like a
                                                  religion. (Same with
                                                  the relativity of
                                                  Hendrik Lorentz.
                                                  Everyone learns with
                                                  the same fundamental
                                                  attitude that Lorentz
                                                  was nothing better
                                                  than a senile old man
                                                  how was not able to
                                                  understand modern
                                                  physics.)  -  Not a
                                                  really good way, all
                                                  this.</small></div>
                                              <div> </div>
                                              <div><small><strong>Mystical
                                                    thinking is indeed a
                                                    major problem even
                                                    in Physics!  But,
                                                     some of the
                                                    objectiors to a 2nd
                                                    particle are not
                                                    basing their
                                                    objection of devine
                                                    revelation or
                                                    political
                                                    correctness.  </strong></small></div>
                                              <blockquote>
                                                <div style="font-family:
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                                                  <div>
                                                    <div>4) It is
                                                      ascientific to
                                                      consider that the
                                                      desired result is
                                                      justification for
                                                      a hypothetical
                                                      input.  OK, one
                                                      can say about such
                                                      reasoning, it is
                                                      validated <em>a
                                                        posteriori</em>,
                                                      that at least
                                                      makes it sound
                                                      substantial.  So
                                                      much has been
                                                      granted to your
                                                      "story" but has
                                                      not granted your
                                                      story status as a
                                                      "physics theory."
                                                       It has some
                                                      appeal, which in
                                                      my mind would be
                                                      enhansed had a
                                                      rationalization
                                                      for the 2nd
                                                      particle been
                                                      provided.  That's
                                                      all I'm trying to
                                                      do.  When you or
                                                      whoever comes up
                                                      with a better one,
                                                      I'll drop pushing
                                                      the virtual
                                                      particle
                                                      engendered by the
                                                      background. Maybe,
                                                      it fixes too many
                                                      other things.</div>
                                                  </div>
                                                </div>
                                              </blockquote>
                                              <div><small>My history was
                                                  following another way
                                                  and another
                                                  motivation. I intended
                                                  to explain relativity
                                                  on the basis of
                                                  physical facts. This
                                                  was my only intention
                                                  for this model. All
                                                  further properties of
                                                  the model were logical
                                                  consequences where I
                                                  did not see
                                                  alternatives. I did
                                                  not want to explain
                                                  inertia. It just was a
                                                  result by itself.<br>
                                                  So, what is the
                                                  problem? I have a
                                                  model which explains
                                                  several properties of
                                                  elementary particles
                                                  very precisely. It is
                                                  in no conflict with
                                                  any experimental
                                                  experience. And as a
                                                  new observation there
                                                  is even some
                                                  experimental evidence.
                                                  - What else can
                                                  physics expect from a
                                                  theory? - The argument
                                                  that the second
                                                  particle is not
                                                  visible is funny. Who
                                                  has ever seen a quark?
                                                  Who has ever seen the
                                                  internal structure of
                                                  the sun? I think you
                                                  have a demand here
                                                  which was never
                                                  fulfilled in science.</small></div>
                                              <div> </div>
                                              <div><small><strong>The
                                                    problem, obviously,
                                                    is that the
                                                    existence of the 2nd
                                                    particle, as you
                                                    have presented it,
                                                    is not a fact, but a
                                                    Wunschansatz.  [BTW:
                                                     "See" in this
                                                    context is not meant
                                                    occularly, but
                                                    figuratively for
                                                    experimental
                                                    verification through
                                                    any length of
                                                    inferance chain.]
                                                     So, my question is:
                                                    what problem do you
                                                    have with a virtual
                                                    mate for the
                                                    particle?  In fact,
                                                    it will be there
                                                    whether you use it
                                                    or not.</strong><br>
                                                  <br>
                                                  And see again Frank
                                                  Wilczek. </small><small><span><span
class="current-selection">He writes: "By co</span></span><span
                                                    class="current-selection">mb</span><span
class="current-selection">ining fragmen</span><span
                                                    class="current-selection">tatio</span><span
class="current-selection">n with su</span><span
                                                    class="current-selection">per</span><span
                                                    class="ls0 ws0
                                                    current-selection">-</span><span
class="current-selection">con</span><span class="current-selection">ductivity</span><span
class="current-selection">, w</span><span class="current-selection">e
                                                    can get half-electro</span><span
class="current-selection">ns tha</span><span class="current-selection">t
                                                  </span></small><small><span
class="current-selection">ar</span><span class="current-selection">e
                                                    their o</span><span
class="current-selection">wn an</span><span><span
                                                      class="current-selection">tiparticles."
                                                    </span></span></small></div>
                                              <div> </div>
                                              <div><small><span><span
                                                      class="current-selection"><strong>A
                                                        "straw in the
                                                        wind" but sure
                                                        seems far
                                                        fetched!
                                                         Superconductivity
                                                        is already a
                                                        manybody
                                                        phenomenon,
                                                         It's theory
                                                        probably
                                                        involves some
                                                        "virtual"
                                                        notions to
                                                        capture the
                                                        essence of the
                                                        average effect
                                                        even if the
                                                        virtual actors
                                                        do not really
                                                        exist. </strong></span></span></small></div>
                                            </div>
                                          </div>
                                        </div>
                                      </div>
                                    </div>
                                  </div>
                                </blockquote>
                                <small><strong><font color="#006600">This
                                      was a nice confirmation in my
                                      understanding. So as the whole
                                      article of Wilczek. The electron
                                      is in fact enigmatic if one
                                      follows main stream. It looses a
                                      lot of this property if my model
                                      is used. - But even without this
                                      experimental hint I do not see any
                                      alternative to my model without
                                      severely violating known physics.<br>
                                      <br>
                                      Ciao<br>
                                      Albrecht</font></strong></small><br>
                                 
                                <blockquote>
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                                              <div><small><span><span
                                                      class="current-selection"><strong> </strong></span></span></small><br>
                                                <br>
                                                <small>Guten Abend<br>
                                                  Albrecht</small></div>
                                              <div> </div>
                                              <div><small><strong>Gleichfalls,
                                                     Al</strong></small></div>
                                              <blockquote>
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                                                  <div>
                                                    <div> </div>
                                                    <div> </div>
                                                    <div>Have a good
                                                      one!   Al</div>
                                                    <div> 
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                                                          style="margin:
                                                          0 0 10.0px 0;"><b>Gesendet:</b> Samstag,
                                                          14. November
                                                          2015 um 14:51
                                                          Uhr<br>
                                                          <b>Von:</b> "Dr.
                                                          Albrecht
                                                          Giese" <a
                                                          moz-do-not-send="true"
class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="genmail@a-giese.de" target="_parent"><a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de"><genmail@a-giese.de></a></a><br>
                                                          <b>An:</b> <a
moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
                                                          href="af.kracklauer@web.de"
target="_parent"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de">af.kracklauer@web.de</a></a><br>
                                                          <b>Cc:</b> <a
moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
                                                          href="general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"
target="_parent"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a></a><br>
                                                          <b>Betreff:</b> Re:
                                                          [General]
                                                          Reply of
                                                          comments from
                                                          what a model…</div>
                                                        <div>
                                                          <div
                                                          style="background-color:
rgb(255,255,255);">Hi Al,<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          Why do we need
                                                          a background?
                                                          If I assume
                                                          only local
                                                          forces (strong
                                                          and electric)
                                                          for my model,
                                                          the
                                                          calculation
                                                          conforms to
                                                          the
                                                          measurement
                                                          (e.g. between
                                                          mass and
                                                          magnetic
                                                          moment) with a
                                                          precision of 2
                                                          : 1'000'000.
                                                          This is no
                                                          incident. Not
                                                          possible, if a
                                                          poorly defined
                                                          and stable
                                                          background has
                                                          a measurable
                                                          influence. -
                                                          And if there
                                                          should be such
                                                          background and
                                                          it has such
                                                          little effect,
                                                          which mistake
                                                          do we make if
                                                          we ignore
                                                          that?<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          For the
                                                          competition of
                                                          the 1/r<sup>2</sup>
                                                          law for range
                                                          of charges and
                                                          the r<sup>2</sup>
                                                          law for the
                                                          quantity of
                                                          charges we
                                                          have a popular
                                                          example when
                                                          we look at the
                                                          sky at night.
                                                          The sky is
                                                          dark and that
                                                          shows that the
                                                          r<sup>2</sup>
                                                          case (number
                                                          of shining
                                                          stars) does in
                                                          no way
                                                          compensates
                                                          for the 1/r<sup>2</sup>
                                                          case (light
                                                          flow density
                                                          from the
                                                          stars).<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          Why is a 2
                                                          particle model
                                                          necessary?<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          1.) for the
                                                          conservation
                                                          of momentum<br>
                                                          2.) for a
                                                          cause of the
                                                          inertial mass<br>
                                                          3.) for the
                                                          radiation at
                                                          acceleration
                                                          which occurs
                                                          most time, but
                                                          does not occur
                                                          in specific
                                                          situations.
                                                          Not explained
                                                          elsewhere.<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          Ciao, Albrecht<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                           
                                                          <div
                                                          class="moz-cite-prefix">Am
                                                          13.11.2015 um
                                                          20:31 schrieb
                                                          <a
                                                          moz-do-not-send="true"
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="af.kracklauer@web.de"
                                                          target="_parent"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de">af.kracklauer@web.de</a></a>:</div>
                                                          <blockquote>
                                                          <div
                                                          style="font-family:
                                                          Verdana;font-size:
                                                          12.0px;">
                                                          <div>Hi
                                                          Albrecht:</div>
                                                          <div> </div>
                                                          <div>Your
                                                          proposed
                                                          experiment is
                                                          hampered by
                                                          reality!  If
                                                          you do the
                                                          measurement
                                                          with a gaget
                                                          bought in a
                                                          store that has
                                                          knobes and a
                                                          display, then
                                                          the
                                                          measurement is
                                                          for certain
                                                          for signals
                                                          under a couple
                                                          hundred GHz
                                                          and based on
                                                          some phenomena
                                                          for which the
                                                          sensitivity of
                                                          man-made
                                                          devices is
                                                          limited.  And,
                                                          if limited to
                                                          the electric
                                                          field, then
                                                          there is a
                                                          good chance it
                                                          is missing
                                                          altogether
                                                          oscillating
                                                          signals by
                                                          virtue of its
                                                          limited
                                                          reaction time
                                                          of reset time,
                                                          etc. etc.  The
                                                          vast majority
                                                          of the
                                                          background
                                                          will be much
                                                          higher, the
                                                          phenomena most
                                                          attuned to
                                                          detecting
                                                          might be in
                                                          fact the
                                                          quantum
                                                          effects
                                                          otherwise
                                                          explained with
                                                          mystical
                                                          hokus-pokus!
                                                           Also to be
                                                          noted is that,
                                                          the processes
                                                          invovled in
                                                          your model, if
                                                          they pertain
                                                          to elementray
                                                          entities, will
                                                          have to be at
                                                          very small
                                                          size and if at
                                                          the velocity
                                                          (c) will be
                                                          very high
                                                          energy, etc.
                                                          so that once
                                                          again, it is
                                                          quite
                                                          reasonable to
                                                          suppose that
                                                          the universe
                                                          is anything
                                                          but
                                                          irrelavant! </div>
                                                          <div> </div>
                                                          <div>Of
                                                          course, there
                                                          is then the
                                                          issue of the
                                                          divergence of
                                                          the this SED
                                                          background.
                                                           Ameliorated
                                                          to some extent
                                                          with the
                                                          realization
                                                          that there is
                                                          no energy at a
                                                          point in empty
                                                          space until a
                                                          charged entity
                                                          is put there,
                                                          whereupon the
                                                          energy of
                                                          interaction
                                                          with the rest
                                                          of the
                                                          universe (not
                                                          just by itself
                                                          being there
                                                          and ignoring
                                                          the
                                                          universe---as
                                                          QM theorists,
                                                          and yourself,
                                                          are wont to
                                                          do) is given
                                                          by the sum of
                                                          interactions
                                                          over all
                                                          particles not
                                                          by the
                                                          integral over
                                                          all space,
                                                          including
                                                          empty space.
                                                           Looks at
                                                          first blush to
                                                          be finite. </div>
                                                          <div> </div>
                                                          <div>Why fight
                                                          it?  Where the
                                                          hell else will
                                                          you find a
                                                          credible 2nd
                                                          particle?  </div>
                                                          <div> </div>
                                                          <div>ciao,  Al</div>
                                                          <div> 
                                                          <div
                                                          style="margin:
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                                                          <div
                                                          style="margin:
                                                          0 0 10.0px 0;"><b>Gesendet:</b> Freitag,
                                                          13. November
                                                          2015 um 12:11
                                                          Uhr<br>
                                                          <b>Von:</b> "Dr.
                                                          Albrecht
                                                          Giese" <a
                                                          moz-do-not-send="true"
class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="genmail@a-giese.de" target="_parent"><a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de"><genmail@a-giese.de></a></a><br>
                                                          <b>An:</b> <a
moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
                                                          href="af.kracklauer@web.de"
target="_parent"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de">af.kracklauer@web.de</a></a><br>
                                                          <b>Cc:</b> <a
moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
                                                          href="general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"
target="_parent"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a></a><br>
                                                          <b>Betreff:</b> Re:
                                                          [General]
                                                          Reply of
                                                          comments from
                                                          what a model…</div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <div
                                                          style="background-color:
rgb(255,255,255);">Hi Al,<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          if we look to
                                                          charges you
                                                          mention the
                                                          law 1/r<sup>2</sup>.
                                                          Now we can
                                                          perform a
                                                          simple
                                                          physical
                                                          experiment
                                                          having an
                                                          electrically
                                                          charged object
                                                          and using it
                                                          to measure the
                                                          electric field
                                                          around us. I
                                                          say: it is
                                                          very weak. Now
                                                          look to the
                                                          distance of
                                                          the two
                                                          half-charges
                                                          within the
                                                          particle
                                                          having a
                                                          distance of
                                                          4*10<sup>-13</sup>
                                                          m. This means
                                                          an increase of
                                                          force of about
                                                          25 orders of
                                                          magnitude
                                                          compared to
                                                          what we do in
                                                          a lab. And the
                                                          difference is
                                                          much greater
                                                          if we refer to
                                                          charges acting
                                                          from the
                                                          universe. So I
                                                          think we do
                                                          not make a big
                                                          mistake
                                                          assuming that
                                                          there is
                                                          nothing
                                                          outside the
                                                          particle.<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          Regarding my
                                                          model, the
                                                          logic of
                                                          deduction was
                                                          very simple
                                                          for me:<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          1.) We have
                                                          dilation, so
                                                          there must be
                                                          a permanent
                                                          motion with c<br>
                                                          2.) There must
                                                          be 2
                                                          sub-particles
                                                          otherwise the
                                                          momentum law
                                                          is violated; 3
                                                          are not
                                                          possible as in
                                                          conflict with
                                                          experiments.<br>
                                                          3.) The
                                                          sub-particles
                                                          must be
                                                          mass-less,
                                                          otherwise c is
                                                          not possible<br>
                                                          4.) The whole
                                                          particle has
                                                          mass even
                                                          though the
                                                          sub-particles
                                                          are mass-less.
                                                          So there must
                                                          be a mechanism
                                                          to cause
                                                          inertia. It
                                                          was
                                                          immediately
                                                          clear for me
                                                          that inertia
                                                          is a
                                                          consequence of
                                                          extension.
                                                          Another reason
                                                          to assume a
                                                          particle which
                                                          is composed of
                                                          parts. (There
                                                          is no other
                                                          working
                                                          mechanism of
                                                          inertia known
                                                          until today.)<br>
                                                          5.) I had to
                                                          find the
                                                          binding field
                                                          for the
                                                          sub-particles.
                                                          I have taken
                                                          the simplest
                                                          one which I
                                                          could find
                                                          which has a
                                                          potential
                                                          minimum at
                                                          some distance.
                                                          And my first
                                                          attempt
                                                          worked.<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          That is all,
                                                          and I do not
                                                          see any
                                                          possibility to
                                                          change one of
                                                          the points 1.)
                                                          thru 5.)
                                                          without
                                                          getting in
                                                          conflict with
                                                          fundamental
                                                          physical
                                                          rules. And I
                                                          do not invent
                                                          new facts or
                                                          rules beyond
                                                          those already
                                                          known in
                                                          physics.<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          So, where do
                                                          you see any
                                                          kind of
                                                          arbitrariness
                                                          or missing
                                                          justification?<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          Tschüß!<br>
                                                          Albrecht<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                           
                                                          <div
                                                          class="moz-cite-prefix">Am
                                                          12.11.2015 um
                                                          17:51 schrieb
                                                          <a
                                                          moz-do-not-send="true"
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="af.kracklauer@web.de"
                                                          target="_parent"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de">af.kracklauer@web.de</a></a>:</div>
                                                          <blockquote>
                                                          <div
                                                          style="font-family:
                                                          Verdana;font-size:
                                                          12.0px;">
                                                          <div>
                                                          <div>Hi
                                                          Albrect:</div>
                                                          <div> </div>
                                                          <div>We are
                                                          making some
                                                          progress.  </div>
                                                          <div> </div>
                                                          <div>To your
                                                          remark that
                                                          Swinger &
                                                          Feynman
                                                          introduced
                                                          virtual
                                                          charges, I
                                                          note that they
                                                          used the same
                                                          term: "virtual
                                                          charge/particle,"
                                                          in spite of
                                                          the much older
                                                          meaning in
                                                          accord with
                                                          the charge and
                                                          mirror
                                                          example.  In
                                                          the finest of
                                                          quantum
                                                          traditions,
                                                          they too
                                                          ignored the
                                                          rest of the
                                                          universe and
                                                          instead tried
                                                          to vest its
                                                          effect in the
                                                          "vacuum."
                                                           This idea was
                                                          suitably
                                                          mystical to
                                                          allow them to
                                                          introduce the
                                                          associated
                                                          plaver into
                                                          the folk lore
                                                          of QM, given
                                                          the sociology
                                                          of the day.
                                                           Even in spite
                                                          of this BS,
                                                          the idea still
                                                          has merit.
                                                          Your objection
                                                          on the basis
                                                          of the 1/r²
                                                          fall-off is
                                                          true but not
                                                          conclusive.
                                                           This fall-off
                                                          is matched by
                                                          a r² increase
                                                          in muber of
                                                          charges, so
                                                          the integrated
                                                          total
                                                          interaction
                                                          can be
                                                          expected to
                                                          have at least
                                                          some effect,
                                                          no matter
                                                          what.  Think
                                                          of the
                                                          universe to
                                                          1st order as a
                                                          neutral,
                                                          low-density
                                                          plasma. <span>I
                                                          (and some
                                                          others) hold
                                                          that this
                                                          interaction is
                                                          responcible
                                                          for all
                                                          quantum
                                                          effects.  In
                                                          any case, no
                                                          particle is a
                                                          universe unto
                                                          itself, the
                                                          rest have the
                                                          poulation and
                                                          time to take a
                                                          toll!  </span></div>
                                                          <div> </div>
                                                          <div><span>BTW,
                                                          this is
                                                          history
                                                          repeating
                                                          itself.  Once
                                                          upon a time
                                                          there was
                                                          theory of
                                                          Brownian
                                                          motion that
                                                          posited an
                                                          internal cause
                                                          known as "elan
                                                          vital" to dust
                                                          specks
                                                          observed
                                                          hopping about
                                                          like Mexican
                                                          jumping beans.
                                                           Ultimately
                                                          this nonsense
                                                          was displaced
                                                          by the
                                                          observation
                                                          that the dust
                                                          spots were not
                                                          alone in their
                                                          immediate
                                                          universe but
                                                          imbededded in
                                                          a slurry of
                                                          other
                                                          particles,
                                                          also in
                                                          motion, to
                                                          which they
                                                          were reacting.
                                                           Nowadays
                                                          atoms are
                                                          analysed in QM
                                                          text books as
                                                          if they were
                                                          the only
                                                          object in the
                                                          universe---all
                                                          others being
                                                          too far away
                                                          (so it is
                                                          argued,
                                                          anyway).  </span></div>
                                                          <div> </div>
                                                          <div><span>Your
                                                          model, as it
                                                          stands, can be
                                                          free of
                                                          contradiction
                                                          and still
                                                          unstatisfying
                                                          because the
                                                          inputs seem to
                                                          be just what
                                                          is needed to
                                                          make the
                                                          conclusions
                                                          you aim to
                                                          make.  Fine,
                                                          but what most
                                                          critics will
                                                          expect is that
                                                          these inputs
                                                          have to have
                                                          some kind of
                                                          justification
                                                          or motivation.
                                                           This is what
                                                          the second
                                                          particle
                                                          lacks.  Where
                                                          is it when one
                                                          really looks
                                                          for it?  It
                                                          has no
                                                          empirical
                                                          motivation.  
                                                          Thus, this
                                                          theory then
                                                          has about the
                                                          same ultimate
                                                          structure, and
                                                          pursuasiveness,
                                                          as saying:
                                                          'don't worry
                                                          about it, God
                                                          did it; go
                                                          home, open a
                                                          beer, pop your
                                                          feet up, and
                                                          forget about
                                                          it---a theory
                                                          which explains
                                                          absolutely
                                                          everything!</span></div>
                                                          <div> </div>
                                                          <div><span>Tschuß,
                                                           Al</span></div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <div
                                                          style="margin:
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                                                          10.0px 0
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                                                          rgb(195,217,229);">
                                                          <div
                                                          style="margin:
                                                          0 0 10.0px 0;"><b>Gesendet:</b> Donnerstag,
                                                          12. November
                                                          2015 um 16:18
                                                          Uhr<br>
                                                          <b>Von:</b> "Dr.
                                                          Albrecht
                                                          Giese" <a
                                                          moz-do-not-send="true"
class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="genmail@a-giese.de" target="_parent"><a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de"><genmail@a-giese.de></a></a><br>
                                                          <b>An:</b> <a
moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
                                                          href="af.kracklauer@web.de"
target="_parent"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de">af.kracklauer@web.de</a></a><br>
                                                          <b>Cc:</b> <a
moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
                                                          href="general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"
target="_parent"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a></a><br>
                                                          <b>Betreff:</b> Re:
                                                          [General]
                                                          Reply of
                                                          comments from
                                                          what a model…</div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <div
                                                          style="background-color:
rgb(255,255,255);"><font size="-1">Hi Al,<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          I have gotten
                                                          a different
                                                          understanding
                                                          of what a
                                                          virtual
                                                          particle or a
                                                          virtual charge
                                                          is. This
                                                          phenomenon was
                                                          invented by
                                                          Julian
                                                          Schwinger and
                                                          Richard
                                                          Feynman. They
                                                          thought to
                                                          need it in
                                                          order to
                                                          explain
                                                          certain
                                                          reactions in
                                                          particle
                                                          physics. In
                                                          the case of
                                                          Schwinger it
                                                          was the Landé
                                                          factor, where
                                                          I have shown
                                                          that this
                                                          assumption is
                                                          not necessary.<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          If there is a
                                                          charge then of
                                                          course this
                                                          charge is
                                                          subject to
                                                          interactions
                                                          with all other
                                                          charges in the
                                                          universe. That
                                                          is correct.
                                                          But because of
                                                          the normal
                                                          distribution
                                                          of these other
                                                          charges in the
                                                          universe,
                                                          which cause a
                                                          good
                                                          compensation
                                                          of the
                                                          effects, and
                                                          because of the
                                                          distance law
                                                          we can think
                                                          about models
                                                          without
                                                          reference to
                                                          those. And
                                                          also there is
                                                          the problem
                                                          with virtual
                                                          particles and
                                                          vacuum
                                                          polarization
                                                          (which is
                                                          equivalent),
                                                          in that we
                                                          have this huge
                                                          problem that
                                                          the integrated
                                                          energy of it
                                                          over the
                                                          universe is by
                                                          a factor of
                                                          10^120 higher
                                                          than the
                                                          energy
                                                          measured. I
                                                          think this is
                                                          a really big
                                                          argument
                                                          against
                                                          virtual
                                                          effects.<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          Your example
                                                          of the virtual
                                                          image of a
                                                          charge in a
                                                          conducting
                                                          surface is a
                                                          different
                                                          case. It is,
                                                          as you write,
                                                          the
                                                          rearrangement
                                                          of charges in
                                                          the conducting
                                                          surface. So
                                                          the partner of
                                                          the charge is
                                                          physically the
                                                          mirror, not
                                                          the picture
                                                          behind it. But
                                                          which mirror
                                                          can cause the
                                                          second
                                                          particle in a
                                                          model if the
                                                          second
                                                          particle is
                                                          not assumed to
                                                          be real?<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          And what in
                                                          general is the
                                                          problem with a
                                                          two particle
                                                          model? It
                                                          fulfils the
                                                          momentum law.
                                                          And it does
                                                          not cause
                                                          further
                                                          conflicts. It
                                                          also explains
                                                          why an
                                                          accelerated
                                                          electron
                                                          sometimes
                                                          radiates,
                                                          sometimes not.
                                                          For an
                                                          experimental
                                                          evidence I
                                                          refer again to
                                                          the article of
                                                          Frank Wilczek
                                                          in "Nature"
                                                          which was
                                                          mentioned here
                                                          earlier:<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          <a
                                                          moz-do-not-send="true"
class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.nature.com/articles/498031a.epdf?referrer_access_token=ben9To-3oo1NBniBt2zIw9RgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0Mr0WZkh3ZGwaOU__QIZA8EEsfyjmdvPM68ya-MFh194zghek6jh7WqtGYeYWmES35o2U71x2DQVk0PFLoHQk5V5M-cak670GmcqKy2iZm7PPrWZKcv_J3SBA-hRXn4VJI1r9NxMvgmKog-topZaM03&tracking_referrer=www.nature.com"
target="_blank"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.nature.com/articles/498031a.epdf?referrer_access_token=ben9To-3oo1NBniBt2zIw9RgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0Mr0WZkh3ZGwaOU__QIZA8EEsfyjmdvPM68ya-MFh194zghek6jh7WqtGYeYWmES35o2U71x2DQVk0PFLoHQk5V5M-cak670GmcqKy2iZm7PPrWZKcv_J3SBA-hRXn4VJI1r9NxMvgmKog-topZaM03&tracking_referrer=www.nature.com">http://www.nature.com/articles/498031a.epdf?referrer_access_token=ben9To-3oo1NBniBt2zIw9RgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0Mr0WZkh3ZGwaOU__QIZA8EEsfyjmdvPM68ya-MFh194zghek6jh7WqtGYeYWmES35o2U71x2DQVk0PFLoHQk5V5M-cak670GmcqKy2iZm7PPrWZKcv_J3SBA-hRXn4VJI1r9NxMvgmKog-topZaM03&tracking_referrer=www.nature.com</a></a>:
                                                          </font><br>
                                                           
                                                          <div class="t
                                                          m88 x28 h2 y37
                                                          ff1 fs1 fc0
                                                          sc0 ls3 ws2"><small><span><span
class="current-selection">He writes: "By co</span></span><span
                                                          class="current-selection">mb</span><span
class="current-selection">ining fragmen</span><span
                                                          class="current-selection">tatio</span><span
class="current-selection">n with su</span><span
                                                          class="current-selection">per</span><span
                                                          class="ls0 ws0
current-selection">-</span><span class="current-selection">con</span><span
class="current-selection">ductivity</span><span
                                                          class="current-selection">,
                                                          w</span><span
class="current-selection">e can get half-electro</span><span
                                                          class="current-selection">ns
                                                          tha</span><span
class="current-selection">t </span></small><small><span
                                                          class="current-selection">ar</span><span
class="current-selection">e their o</span><span
                                                          class="current-selection">wn
                                                          an</span><span><span
class="current-selection">tiparticles." </span><br>
                                                           </span></small></div>
                                                          <font
                                                          size="-1">For
                                                          Wilczek this
                                                          is a
                                                          mysterious
                                                          result, in
                                                          view of my
                                                          model it is
                                                          not, on the
                                                          contrary it is
                                                          kind of a
                                                          proof.<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          Grüße<br>
                                                          Albrecht</font><br>
                                                          <br>
                                                           
                                                          <div
                                                          class="moz-cite-prefix"><font
                                                          size="-1">Am
                                                          12.11.2015 um
                                                          03:06 schrieb
                                                          <a
                                                          moz-do-not-send="true"
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="af.kracklauer@web.de"
                                                          target="_parent"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de">af.kracklauer@web.de</a></a>:</font></div>
                                                          <blockquote>
                                                          <div
                                                          style="font-family:
                                                          Verdana;font-size:
                                                          12.0px;">
                                                          <div>
                                                          <div>Hi
                                                          Albrecht:</div>
                                                          <div> </div>
                                                          <div>Virtual
                                                          particles are
                                                          proxys for an
                                                          ensemble of
                                                          real
                                                          particles.
                                                           There is
                                                          nothing
                                                          folly-lolly
                                                          about them!
                                                           They simply
                                                          summarize the
                                                          total effect
                                                          of particles
                                                          that cannot be
                                                          ignored.  To
                                                          ignore the
                                                          remainder of
                                                          the universe
                                                          becasue it is
                                                          inconvenient
                                                          for theory
                                                          formulation is
                                                          for certain
                                                          leading to
                                                          error.  "No
                                                          man is an
                                                          island,"  and
                                                          no single
                                                          particle is a
                                                          universe!
                                                           Thus, it can
                                                          be argued
                                                          that, to
                                                          reject the
                                                          concept of
                                                          virtual
                                                          particles is
                                                          to reject a
                                                          facit of
                                                          reality that
                                                          must be
                                                          essential for
                                                          an explantion
                                                          of the
                                                          material
                                                          world.</div>
                                                          <div> </div>
                                                          <div>For
                                                          example, if a
                                                          positive
                                                          charge is
                                                          placed near a
                                                          conducting
                                                          surface, the
                                                          charges in
                                                          that surface
                                                          will respond
                                                          to the
                                                          positive
                                                          charge by
                                                          rearranging
                                                          themselves so
                                                          as to give a
                                                          total field on
                                                          the surface of
                                                          zero strength
                                                          as if there
                                                          were a
                                                          negative
                                                          charge
                                                          (virtual)
                                                          behind the
                                                          mirror.
                                                           Without the
                                                          real charges
                                                          on the mirror
                                                          surface, the
                                                          concept of
                                                          "virtual"
                                                          negative
                                                          charge would
                                                          not be
                                                          necessary or
                                                          even useful.  </div>
                                                          <div> </div>
                                                          <div>The
                                                          concept of
                                                          virtual charge
                                                          as the second
                                                          particle in
                                                          your model
                                                          seems to me to
                                                          be not just a
                                                          wild
                                                          supposition,
                                                          but an
                                                          absolute
                                                          necessity.
                                                           Every charge
                                                          is, without
                                                          choice, in
                                                          constant
                                                          interaction
                                                          with every
                                                          other charge
                                                          in the
                                                          universe, has
                                                          been so since
                                                          the big bang
                                                          (if such were)
                                                          and will
                                                          remain so till
                                                          the big crunch
                                                          (if such is to
                                                          be)!  The
                                                          universe
                                                          cannot be
                                                          ignored. If
                                                          you reject
                                                          including the
                                                          universe by
                                                          means of
                                                          virtual
                                                          charges, them
                                                          you have a lot
                                                          more work to
                                                          do to make
                                                          your theory
                                                          reasonable
                                                          some how else.
                                                           In particular
                                                          in view of the
                                                          fact that the
                                                          second
                                                          particles in
                                                          your model
                                                          have never
                                                          ever been seen
                                                          or even
                                                          suspected in
                                                          the various
                                                          experiments
                                                          resulting in
                                                          the
                                                          disasssmbly of
                                                          whatever
                                                          targert was
                                                          used.  </div>
                                                          <div> </div>
                                                          <div>MfG,  Al</div>
                                                          <div> </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </blockquote>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </blockquote>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </blockquote>
                                                          </div>
                                                        </div>
                                                      </div>
                                                    </div>
                                                  </div>
                                                </div>
                                              </blockquote>
                                              <br>
                                              <br>
                                               
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                                <br>
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    <br>
  
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