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Vivian: What if you invited John Williamson to write the first
chapter of your book? <br>
Besides, a Kickstarter campain for that book could probably finance
John's work on that chapter and more ;-)!<br>
BR/joakim<br>
<br>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 2015-11-30 12:55, Vivian Robinson
wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote
cite="mid:5D5D723F-6B5B-4D46-AE2A-391783BA31CD@universephysics.com"
type="cite">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<base href="x-msg://10618/">Johns W, H and All
<div><br>
</div>
<div>I would like to add a little to the discussion, particularly
John Hodge's request for "What are the fundamentals of the
universe? In doing so I wish to shorten John W's list somewhat. </div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>We have basic physical constants.</div>
<div>Planck's constant <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>h</div>
<div>Electric charge <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>e</div>
<div>Gravitational constant <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>G</div>
<div>Electric permittivity<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span><span
style="font-size: 16px; ">𝜀</span>o</div>
<div>Magnetic permeability<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span><span
style="font-size: 14px; ">µ</span>o</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>On top of those we have properties of matter:</div>
<div>Structure<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>?</div>
<div>Mass<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>m</div>
<div>Angular momentum<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Iω
(spin and intrinsic spin)</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Fundamental physical principles:</div>
<div>Conservation of energy, momentum, parity</div>
<div>
<div>Space<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </span>x,
y, z of any value (Empty space has quite a lot of other
interesting properties, the greatest of which are <span
style="font-size: 16px; ">𝜀</span>o and <span
style="font-size: 14px; ">µ</span>o)</div>
<div>Position<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </span>(wrt
an observer)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </span>Δx, Δy, Δz
from origin x = y = z = 0</div>
<div>Time (wrt an observer)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </span>t </div>
</div>
<div>Inverse time<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>ν
(frequency)</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>I may have left out some and I am sure others will add those
I have missed.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Then you have derived properties, </div>
<div>velocity<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>d(x,y,z)/dt</div>
<div>c<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>= 1/(<span
style="font-size: 16px; ">𝜀</span>o<span style="font-size:
14px; ">µ</span>o)^2</div>
<div>Energy<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>E
= mc^2 = hν</div>
<div>Temperature</div>
<div>Pressure</div>
<div>Special and general relativity theories</div>
<div>etc.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>The list of derived properties gets quite large. I would like
to go so far and suggest some physical principles, e.g., Pauli's
exclusion principle and Heisenberg's uncertainty principle are
derived properties based upon the structure of matter. You can
argue whether energy is derived or fundamental, in the latter
case, frequency and mass are derived.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>As best I can work out this discussion group has been about
one of those properties of matter, namely structure. What
started out s a discussion on the structure of photons has been
extended to proposals for the structure of electrons. While new
ideas are welcome, they should fit within a few parameters:-</div>
<div>1<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Known
or demonstrable physical particles and principles. The standard
model for the structure of sub atomic particles already has 61
fundamental particles (36 quarks, 12 leptons, 8 gluons and 5
bosons (including the photon). Of those, none of the 36 quarks
and 8 gluons have been separately isolated and identified (they
are all derived from experiment and mathematics). Only two
combinations of two of the quarks form stable nucleons. Only
three leptons, electron and electron and anti-electron neutrino,
are known to be stable. The demonstration of their physical
principles is almost entirely complex mathematics. Increasing
that number and complexity on an "it matches a couple of
properties" basis is not going to impress anyone unless it
answers a lot of other questions.</div>
<div>2<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Electrons
don't exist in isolation. They interact with protons, neutrons
and photons in complex manners. If you wish your thoughts to be
considered seriously it would be advantageous to show how your
structure solves some of the unknowns about those other
particles and some of the complex interactions. </div>
<div>3<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Demonstrate
how a proposed structure matches known properties of electrons
and preferably predicts unknown properties.</div>
<div>4<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>From
a personal perspective I would also add that if you can show how
your structure leads to what I call derived properties, Pauli's
and Heisenberg's principles, relativity etc. that is so much the
better.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Having said that, even if you do, there is no guarantee that
your ideas will be taken seriously. </div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>I now revert to John H's question, "What are the fundamentals
of the universe?" Apart from those listed above and some I may
have missed out, my contention is that all matter is made of the
same "stuff" (quoting MvdM), and that stuff is photons. Thus the
importance of the SPIE conference and this discussion group on
"what is a photon?" That the photon is not a well understood
entity does not prevent it from being used as the basis of other
structures, as long as known properties are acknowledged. Like
others I contend that the electron is a photon (of a particular
lower energy) that makes two revolutions within its wavelength
to become the particle that is the electron. In order to
physically rotate, it must continually emit and absorb (virtual)
photons at a constant rate that matches its angular momentum
(Iω), giving it the property of electric charge. Its spin is
angular momentum, which is made up of the mass of the photon, m
= hν/c^2, travelling in a circle of radius hbar/2mc at the speed
of light. As it moves, its structure means that it automatically
moves according to the special relativity corrections, with the
added proviso that its radius must diminish as its velocity
increases. This is why the electron is observed as a point
particle when scattered at high energy. Its magnetic moment is
generated as a combination of the rotating charge and the
residual magnetic moment of photon's B field. </div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>That structure is also the key to Einstein's E = mc^2
equation. When the photon is travelling in a circle, it is mass
with angular momentum Iω = half hbar. Unlocking its angular
momentum converts it to a linear photon with energy E = mc^2.
That model makes a number of testable predictions of unknown
electron properties. The two polarities of electric charge are
the direction the photon that is the particle rotates wrt its
magnetic field. Different charges are mirror images of each
other. Spin is quantised because an electron can only spin one
way to the other, wrt an observer. The different states of spin
are merely "other side of the page" images (measurements) of the
same rotating photon.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>I also suggest that same model is the basis of the other
particles, proton, neutron and neutrino. That enables a good
number of properties of the protons and neutrons to be matched
(I haven't tried them all), as well as predicting quite a few
unknown properties that cn be tested experimentally. It also
gives a structure and maximum mass for (electron) neutrinos and
shows why they effectively travel at the speed of light c, even
though they have mass. The measured diameter of the central core
of the nucleons, ≈ 0.105 fm, exactly matches the
radius predicted under this model, namely r = hbar/2mc. </div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>The structure of the nucleons is responsible the generation
of the elementary particles. The muons and pions. the longest
lived elementary particles, exist inside the nucleons at rest.
The remainder are only generated when accelerated nucleons,
which have an increased frequency and hence mass, are stopped in
a collision. The nucleons now have excess energy of which they
must rid themselves because their frequencies are no longer
stable under their rest time frame reference. They do so by
cascading through a series of quasi stable oscillations,
continually generating and emitting muons and pions as circular
photons and also energy as linear photons. Muons are 1/9th the
fundamental proton frequency and are a single oscillation,
giving them angular momentum half hbar. Pions are two
oscillations combined, 1/9th plus 1/27th, giving them angular
momentum 0 or 1 x hbar and positive, neutral or negative charge
depending upon their combination. </div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>So it goes on. The proposed nucleon structure makes it very
easy to understand nuclear binding and the structure of nuclei.
You can get some more details at my website <a
moz-do-not-send="true" href="http://www.universephysics.com"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.universephysics.com">www.universephysics.com</a></a>.
I have compiled everything into a publication, Understanding the
Physical Universe, of which the website gives over 10% of what
is in the book. I must get some time one day to take it a little
further. </div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>In the second chapter I suggest how special relativity is a
derived property from the structure of matter. In the last
chapters I suggest how general relativity is a derived property
from the properties of photons and the principle of conservation
of energy. </div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>In summary to John H's question, the fundamentals of the
universe are a few physical constants, some conservation (and
other) principles and the structure of matter based upon the
existence of photons. Most of the other properties, special and
general relativity, uncertainty and exclusion principles,
temperature, etc are derived. Which brings us back to "What is a
photon". I am prepared to say "I don't fully understand, but
that should stop it from being used in a theory.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Cheers,</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Viv Robinson</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div> <br>
<div>
<div>On 30/11/2015, at 3:07 PM, John Williamson <<a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:John.Williamson@glasgow.ac.uk"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:John.Williamson@glasgow.ac.uk">John.Williamson@glasgow.ac.uk</a></a>>
wrote:</div>
<br class="Apple-interchange-newline">
<blockquote type="cite">
<div ocsi="0" fpstyle="1" style="font-family: Helvetica;
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<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; color: rgb(32, 24, 140); "> </span><span
style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Times; ">Yo Al,<br>
<br>
(Many others French, Calibar parts of US ...)<br>
<br>
Yep, round and round in circles sounds likely
doesn't it! This is certainly true for most of the
mad theories out there. The parameter count starts
large, argues to deal with one crucial point which
"no one else gets" but ends up (after including the
ansatz) even larger. The better ones (most of us
then!) at least end up with it being the same.<br>
<br>
I have a saying in reply to a cliche. Onwards and
upwards! .... and round and round in circles!<br>
<br>
If one goes up a hill one often ends up going round
and round in circles – or stuck at a point! There is
a group in Scotland who like to climb hills and pick
off the tallest one a time - the so called "munro
baggers”. My brother, David and I like to mess with
this a little, climb the hills, walk round the top
in a circle (without mounting it - but taking time
for each of the vistas - spending perhaps an hour or
two there) When we do this it always amuses us to
see how many<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><span> </span>folk
reach the top, scan round briefly, maybe take a
selfie, and then go straight back down again. On the
popular hills, on a good day, this can easily be
dozens. I have to admit, once the rush has passed,
we like to go and sit on the top in peace and quiet
as well- weather permitting!<br>
<br>
</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; ">Back to business.<span> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span>In
1991 Martin and I made a list of all the starting
points of the set of theories that constituted the
then state of play of the “standard model”. I forget
the exact number of a-priori inputs– but it was
approaching a hundred. Think … six quarks, the SU(3)
of flavour that goes with it,<span> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span>the
additional SU(3) of colour (gluons), three charged
leptons, three neutrinos, four electroweak gauge
bosons, The Higgs mechanism to deal with the mass
problem, space, time, energy, charge, the Su(2) of
spin, the plethora of observed symettries – CPT. A
handful of “principles” Pauli exclusion, Heisenberg
uncertainty, Mach’s …. wave-particle-duality, U(1)
in general (as it pertains to the setting up of
“wave-functions”, quantum “collapse”, the Poincare
stresses lots of “conservation laws” (which tend to
express the conservation of a quantity whose base
nature is not more deeply understood) …. I’m up at
over 40 already and not even trying!</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "><span
style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Times; "> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; ">Now it should be realised that
if one can express any ONE of these in terms of
another – and hence reduce the number of
“fundamental” inputs by one, that this is major
progress. For example Martin and my 1997 paper
reduced the number of fundamental constants by one
expressing charge in terms of Planck’s constant, or
vice-versa. This is net progress. It also
–incidentally, got the value for g-2 (the
experimental difference for the value of 2 for the
gyromagnetic ratio predicted by the Dirac model)
from a consideration of the “rotation horizon”.<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><span> </span>This
latter is very important as this experiment is the
rock on which all previous “electromagnetic
electron” models of the 20<sup>th</sup><span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>century (due
to Mie, Einstein, Dirac) and many others, had
foundered.</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "><span
style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Times; "> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; ">It is indeed so that parts of
your (latter) list are derivative of one another –
but it could be argued that the primary list (of 6)
are also not primary. For example, I would not put
all of charge, mass, and length there. I do not
thing charge is a primary starting point at all
(though I know current comes into the MKSA system).
Also one can argue that mass and (inverse) time are
related. Maybe I would add stuff instead – for
example Planck’s constant hbar. Plus, there is the
argument I have been making as to whether space and
time, or their inverses are more primary.</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "><span
style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Times; "> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; ">After setting up the list,
Martin and I set out to try to derive the starting
point of where this all came from using the simplest
possible ansatz. Now here comes the problem: as you
say to a “newbie” that any of this should be
feasible sounds rather unlikely.<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><span> </span>Read
no further: the man is clearly a nutter. No-one
could do that! Just not possible. Forget about it!</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "><span
style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Times; "> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; ">At the same time, as things
stand in 2015,<span> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span>there
are a large number of “competing” “theories” (as
David points out), of which the WvdM view is only
one. The present group, just by themselves, has
lots! Not only that<span> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span>-
many of the others are more appealing on the surface
– they speak to “common sense” notions which dismiss
things many anyway find hard to understand – such as
the limiting velocity of light, for example. Some
speak to “familiar” science fiction, such as FTL
travel and “many worlds” time travel that everyone
has seen on TV and in the movies. The WvdM view is,
relatively, extremely hard. Far easier to dismiss it
and look, first, at something else. The fact that
other “theories” may raise more problems than they
solve, and may even be in direct conflict with
aspects of experiment, is taken to be irrelevant. If
one fails to understand so many things already, what
is a few more?</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "><span
style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Times; "> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; ">Now I am very much in favour
of saying what goes into a theory – and what comes
out. The net balance then. A couple of years ago I
gave a series of lectures on “all of science”. These
took some of the base theories, such as quantum
mechanics, quantum electrodynamics and the “standard
model” and explained what went in and what came out-<span> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span>in
terms meant for the understanding of (erudite)
mothers. You can look at most of these if you like
as they are up on Vimeo (thanks Nick!). Just google
“Williamson physics vimeo” – should do it! The
bottom line of those lectures is that there is an
awful lot that goes into the foundation of current
physics. The “standard model has over fifty “free
parameters” (see above and below). In my view this
is far too many.</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "><span
style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Times; "> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; ">On the other hand there are
many theories out there purporting to deal with the
“central mystery of physics”. One thing. These may
explain a particular experiment in an alternative
way – but in doing so they raise a lot of other
issues in conflict with other experiment – which is
further ignored. This has become all too fashionable
– even for<span> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span>so
called”mainstream” theories (such as QCD) which are
clearly and fundamentally in conflict with
experiment. This is thought by many nowadays to be
ok. For me, it is not.</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "><span
style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Times; "> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; ">Ok .. here is a (short) list
of what one would really like to understand. Feel
free to add to it</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "><span
style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Times; "> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; "><span
style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">h</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; "><span
style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">e</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; line-height:
6px; "><span style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">nature of
space and time</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; line-height:
6px; "><span style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">CPT</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; line-height:
6px; "><span style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Boltzmann
constant</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; line-height:
6px; "><span style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Non-existence
magnetic monopoles</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; line-height:
6px; "><span style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Gravitons</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; line-height:
6px; "><span style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Allowed
black body modes</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; line-height:
6px; "><span style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Bell</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; line-height:
6px; "><span style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Red shift</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; "><span
style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">3K
background radiation</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; "><span
style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Quantisation
of e</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; "><span
style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Mass</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; "><span
style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Spin</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; "><span
style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">g-2</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; "><span
style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Pauli
principle</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; "><span
style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Uncertainty
principle</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; line-height:
6px; "><span style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Origin of
universe</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; line-height:
6px; "><span style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Flatness of
universe</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; line-height:
6px; "><span style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Conservation
laws (times n!)</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; line-height:
6px; "><span style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Energy ...
mass</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; line-height:
6px; "><span style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Momentum
.... Force</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; line-height:
6px; "><span style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Angular
momentum</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; line-height:
6px; "><span style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">why is c
constant?</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; line-height:
6px; "><span style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">and why 300
000 000 m/s?</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; line-height:
6px; "><span style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">wave-particle
duality</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; line-height:
6px; "><span style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Baryon
number (6)</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; line-height:
6px; "><span style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">why only
qqq and qq*</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; line-height:
6px; "><span style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Lepton
number (3) (3 generations puzzle)</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; line-height:
6px; "><span style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">SU(3)
quarks</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; line-height:
6px; "><span style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">SU(3)
gluons</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; line-height:
6px; "><span style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">neutrinos</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; line-height:
6px; "><span style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">coupling
constant EM</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; line-height:
6px; "><span style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">coupling
constant EW</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; line-height:
6px; "><span style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">coupling
constant S (plus why running coupling constant)</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; line-height:
6px; "><span style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Postulate
of equivalence</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; "><span
style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Quantum
measurement collapse</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; "><span
style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Dark matter</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; line-height:
6px; "><span style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">First law
of thermodynamics (Energy conservation)</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; line-height:
6px; "><span style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Higgs</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; line-height:
6px; "><span style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Spontaneous
symmetry breaking</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; line-height:
6px; "><span style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Mach’s
principle</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; line-height:
6px; "><span style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Poincaré
stresses</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; "><span
style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Why 4-D?</span><span></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; "><span
style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Why
(apparently) 3D</span><span></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt; font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; text-indent: -18pt; "><span
style="font-family: Symbol; "><span>·<span
style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; "> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">…..</span><a
moz-do-not-send="true" name="_GoBack"></a><span></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-family:
'Times New Roman'; ">Good ho. Now the solution of
Hilbert’s sixth should, if it is indeed a solution,
explain all of these, just and no more, in terms of
an axiomatic starting set. That is it should, for
example, say why there is an SU(3) of flavour AND
why the only observed states within this large group
are in the subset of either qqq or qqbar. It should
get the SU(2) of spin. Explain the U(1) of
electromagnetism and quantum solutions. It should
either predict the whole lot, or remove their
necessity (e.g for “spontaneous symmetry breaking) –
and explain why this is the case. Big problem!</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-family:
'Times New Roman'; ">Ok – those particular “big
problems” (SU(3) etc .. not the whole list) ARE
derived from the new theory. So too are observed
symmetries, for example CPT. What has charge got to
do with parity and time-reversal? Indeed. Easy to
understand if you take charge to result from an
electromagnetic localisation in a non-trivial
topology. Other, things which fall (I’m just going
up the list) are the<span> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span>Poincare
stresses, why apparently 3D, Higgs (not needed). The
generations mystery, dark matter, the Pauli
principle (my 2012 paper) and the allowed black body
modes. This is quite a lot. No a-priori quarks</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-family:
'Times New Roman'; ">Hodge keeps shouting “what goes
in”. John I (and Richard, Chip, John M, Viv, Hagen,
Albrecht) have already said what goes in in both the
paper and in lots of these emails. Never mind: I
will say it again.</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-family:
'Times New Roman'; ">What goes in (to mine) is space
(and its inversion), time (and its inversion) and
(root) energy.</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-family:
'Times New Roman'; ">That is not really fair since
there is – in fact more. For one thing there is a
specific way in which space and time go in – for me
as a restricted Dirac-Clifford algebra. R<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span
style="font-family: Symbol; ">Ä</span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Cl(1,3) –
(as opposed to a general Dirac algebra which is C<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span
style="font-family: Symbol; ">Ä</span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Cl(1,3).
Hence it contains not just space and time but the
experimentally observed properties of “space” and
“time”.<span> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span>So
one could better say that what goes in is this
restricted algebra, root energy and no more.</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-family:
'Times New Roman'; ">Now this algebra includes the
properties of “multiplication” “division” (and hence
inversion as mentioned above) “addition” and
“subtraction”. You may think the latter set are a
given – but they are anything but. What does it
actually MEAN to divide space by time. What is the
underlying physical process that the (human
invention of) “division” is meant to represent in
reality? For this to be properly explained you need
my and Martins paper on “division and the algebra of
reality”. Coming soon!</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-family:
'Times New Roman'; ">What does NOT go in are some of
the numerical values mentioned above – although
given some values (e.g. h) one can calculate others
(e.g. e).</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-family:
'Times New Roman'; ">So- what else comes out in
payment for the input. One gets the Maxwell
equations – all four of them and not just 2 as in
Jackson. As a bonus one gets four more – connecting
current and spin. One gets out the SU(2) of spin and
SU(3) of flavour. One can derive U(1) as a simple
projection of the better symmetry in eq 21 (e.g. eq
22). In other words one derives a big chunk of the
starting assumptions of the standard model. One
derives the point-like (as opposed to the point)
interaction of elementary leptons. One gets the
starting point of QED, while fixing some of the
renormalisation problems. One understands the origin
of CPT. One gets out the origin of the Poincare
stresses (which bind the electron charge). One gets
out a fully-relativistic wave function for the
photon. One gets out the reason for the quantisation
of travelling electromagnetic waves. One gets a
possible explanation for dark matter. One gets out a
possible reason for black-body quantisation. One
gets out a new solution of the new equations
corresponding to a charged, spin half pair or
particles identified with the electron and the
positron. I think, given the Dirac algebra existed
already and that I have only made it simpler and
more specific, this is net positive. What do you
think?</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "><span
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<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-family:
'Times New Roman'; ">Anyway, this is only the
beginning. One has a new set of equations of motion
to play with, just waiting for people to start
finding more particular solutions.</span></div>
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<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-family:
'Times New Roman'; ">More comments below (in blue)</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
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style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "> </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 12pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "><b><span
style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma; ">From:</span></b><span
style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Tahoma; "><span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de">af.kracklauer@web.de</a></a><span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>[<a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de">af.kracklauer@web.de</a></a>]<br>
<b>Sent:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Sunday,
November 29, 2015 4:00 PM<br>
<b>To:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>John
Williamson<br>
<b>Cc:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Mark,
Martin van der;<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a></a>;
Nick Bailey;<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:pete@leathergoth.com"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:pete@leathergoth.com">pete@leathergoth.com</a></a>;
Ariane Mandray; David Williamson<br>
<b>Subject:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Aw:
RE: RE: [General] Nature of charge</span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "></span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana; ">Privet, Ivan: (Russian
hi---more fun!)</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "><span
style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana; "> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana; ">I'v been writting "Clifford"
where I should have been writting
conventional/Grassmann/Clifford. I.e., some version
of the basic idea (toy model) that looks and smells
like stuff found in no-too-esoteric lit. Those more
used to using than creating/discovering math find it
difficult to translate to a known background. (Same
with languages, if two are learned without explicit
connection, one may be able to speak both fluently
but not able to translate between them, in real time
anyway.)</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "><span
style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana; "> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana; color: rgb(51, 102, 255); ">You
are right that people seem to have trouble
understanding what I am talking</span><span
style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana; "><span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>about. </span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "><span
style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana; "> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana; ">I find it highly likely that
you, Albrecht and John M. are going in circles.</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "><span
style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana; "> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana; color: rgb(51, 102, 255); ">I
agree about John M. and Albrecht! (sorry guys – you
probably think the same about me!).</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "><span
style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana; "> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana; "> For BASIC physics the set
of units is: {e,m,l (x3),t}, that is, 6 entities.
On the hand, in physics theories there are many
more inserted items: e.g., momentum, energy, wave,
angular mommentum, spin, field, Compton wave length,
deBroglie wave, electron, position, quark, .......
etc., etc. Thus, among the latter set, there has to
be gobs of redundancy,</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "><span
style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana; "> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana; color: rgb(51, 102, 255); ">True:
see above</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "><span
style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana; color:
rgb(51, 102, 255); "> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana; ">which makes it possible to
"derive" (actually extract) various constants and
magic numbers from other various combinations
thereof!</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "><span
style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana; "> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana; color: rgb(51, 102, 255); ">Agreed.
There is a lot of numerology bullshit out there.
Please note, I’m not primarily about numbers, but
about a new set of differential equations with new
solutions.</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "><span
style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana; "> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana; "><span> </span> If you wish
to argue that this is not the case, then it might be
smart to so present your story(s) by starting from
an explicit list of what your are inputting (and
thereby NOT explaining) and present arguments why
what your choice of inputs is, is resonable given
available emperical evidence.</span><span
style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana; "> </span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "><span
style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana; "> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Verdana; color: rgb(51, 102, 255); ">Good
point. Have tried to do this. I thought that was
what I was doing in saying what went in (space, time
and root-energy) and in defining the algebra to be
used. Obviously, this is not enough to get this
across to most folk.</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "><span
style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana; "> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Verdana; "><span> </span>For one thing,
this gives the newby a shot at determining with
relatively litte time invested whether what you
intend to do is at all feasible given his (the
newby's) state of knowldege.</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "><span
style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana; "> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Verdana; color: rgb(51, 102, 255); ">Sorry,
but hard stuff is just hard – otherwise loads of
other folk would have solved the problem long ago.
Even when discovered by another and then explained
it remains hard.</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "><span
style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana; "> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Verdana; "><span> </span> Of course,
all conceivable refs, will be newbys in YOUR game.
This is where I stumble; usually I just assume that
this can be done and give it a go---until entropy
diverges and I quit. </span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "><span
style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana; "> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Verdana; color: rgb(51, 102, 255); ">You
and me both. I tried it myself for a decade, gave up
and went into engineering – then met Martin. Two has
been enough!</span><span style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana; color: rgb(51, 102, 255); "></span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "><span
style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana; "> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Verdana; ">For what it's worth, Al</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "><span
style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Verdana; "> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
font-family: Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Verdana; color: rgb(51, 102, 255); ">Ciao,
John.</span><span style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana; color: rgb(51, 102, 255); "></span></div>
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