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Sorry, I used the wrong reply button. Long for such a book though
:-). BR/joakim<br>
<br>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 2015-12-01 05:53, Richard Gauthier
wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote
cite="mid:CC54BA37-044E-436A-B9D9-52A059024C2E@gmail.com"
type="cite">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<div class="">Vivian,</div>
<div class="">Or at least the forward.</div>
<div class=""> Richard</div>
<br class="">
<div>
<blockquote type="cite" class="">
<div class="">On Nov 30, 2015, at 12:54 PM, Joakim Pettersson
<<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:joakimbits@gmail.com" class="">joakimbits@gmail.com</a>>
wrote:</div>
<br class="Apple-interchange-newline">
<div class="">
<meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8"
http-equiv="Content-Type" class="">
<div bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" class=""> Vivian: What
if you invited John Williamson to write the first chapter
of your book? <br class="">
Besides, a Kickstarter campain for that book could
probably finance John's work on that chapter and more ;-)!<br
class="">
BR/joakim<br class="">
<br class="">
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 2015-11-30 12:55, Vivian
Robinson wrote:<br class="">
</div>
<blockquote
cite="mid:5D5D723F-6B5B-4D46-AE2A-391783BA31CD@universephysics.com"
type="cite" class="">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
charset=utf-8" class="">
<base href="x-msg://10618/" class="">Johns W, H and All
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class="">I would like to add a little to the
discussion, particularly John Hodge's request for
"What are the fundamentals of the universe? In doing
so I wish to shorten John W's list somewhat. </div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class="">We have basic physical constants.</div>
<div class="">Planck's constant <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>h</div>
<div class="">Electric charge <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>e</div>
<div class="">Gravitational constant <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>G</div>
<div class="">Electric permittivity<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span><span
style="font-size: 16px; " class="">𝜀</span>o</div>
<div class="">Magnetic permeability<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span><span
style="font-size: 14px; " class="">µ</span>o</div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class="">On top of those we have properties of
matter:</div>
<div class="">Structure<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>?</div>
<div class="">Mass<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>m</div>
<div class="">Angular momentum<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Iω
(spin and intrinsic spin)</div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class="">Fundamental physical principles:</div>
<div class="">Conservation of energy, momentum, parity</div>
<div class="">
<div class="">Space<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </span>x,
y, z of any value (Empty space has quite a lot of
other interesting properties, the greatest of which
are <span style="font-size: 16px; " class="">𝜀</span>o
and <span style="font-size: 14px; " class="">µ</span>o)</div>
<div class="">Position<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </span>(wrt
an observer)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </span>Δx, Δy, Δz
from origin x = y = z = 0</div>
<div class="">Time (wrt an observer)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre; "> </span>t </div>
</div>
<div class="">Inverse time<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>ν
(frequency)</div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class="">I may have left out some and I am sure
others will add those I have missed.</div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class="">Then you have derived properties, </div>
<div class="">velocity<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>d(x,y,z)/dt</div>
<div class="">c<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>= 1/(<span
style="font-size: 16px; " class="">𝜀</span>o<span
style="font-size: 14px; " class="">µ</span>o)^2</div>
<div class="">Energy<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>E
= mc^2 = hν</div>
<div class="">Temperature</div>
<div class="">Pressure</div>
<div class="">Special and general relativity theories</div>
<div class="">etc.</div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class="">The list of derived properties gets quite
large. I would like to go so far and suggest some
physical principles, e.g., Pauli's exclusion principle
and Heisenberg's uncertainty principle are derived
properties based upon the structure of matter. You can
argue whether energy is derived or fundamental, in the
latter case, frequency and mass are derived.</div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class="">As best I can work out this discussion
group has been about one of those properties of
matter, namely structure. What started out s a
discussion on the structure of photons has been
extended to proposals for the structure of electrons.
While new ideas are welcome, they should fit within a
few parameters:-</div>
<div class="">1<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Known
or demonstrable physical particles and principles. The
standard model for the structure of sub atomic
particles already has 61 fundamental particles (36
quarks, 12 leptons, 8 gluons and 5 bosons (including
the photon). Of those, none of the 36 quarks and 8
gluons have been separately isolated and identified
(they are all derived from experiment and
mathematics). Only two combinations of two of the
quarks form stable nucleons. Only three leptons,
electron and electron and anti-electron neutrino, are
known to be stable. The demonstration of their
physical principles is almost entirely complex
mathematics. Increasing that number and complexity on
an "it matches a couple of properties" basis is not
going to impress anyone unless it answers a lot of
other questions.</div>
<div class="">2<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Electrons
don't exist in isolation. They interact with protons,
neutrons and photons in complex manners. If you wish
your thoughts to be considered seriously it would be
advantageous to show how your structure solves some of
the unknowns about those other particles and some of
the complex interactions. </div>
<div class="">3<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Demonstrate
how a proposed structure matches known properties of
electrons and preferably predicts unknown properties.</div>
<div class="">4<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>From
a personal perspective I would also add that if you
can show how your structure leads to what I call
derived properties, Pauli's and Heisenberg's
principles, relativity etc. that is so much the
better.</div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class="">Having said that, even if you do, there is
no guarantee that your ideas will be taken seriously. </div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class="">I now revert to John H's question, "What
are the fundamentals of the universe?" Apart from
those listed above and some I may have missed out, my
contention is that all matter is made of the same
"stuff" (quoting MvdM), and that stuff is photons.
Thus the importance of the SPIE conference and this
discussion group on "what is a photon?" That the
photon is not a well understood entity does not
prevent it from being used as the basis of other
structures, as long as known properties
are acknowledged. Like others I contend that the
electron is a photon (of a particular lower energy)
that makes two revolutions within its wavelength to
become the particle that is the electron. In order to
physically rotate, it must continually emit and absorb
(virtual) photons at a constant rate that matches its
angular momentum (Iω), giving it the property of
electric charge. Its spin is angular momentum, which
is made up of the mass of the photon, m = hν/c^2,
travelling in a circle of radius hbar/2mc at the speed
of light. As it moves, its structure means that it
automatically moves according to the special
relativity corrections, with the added proviso that
its radius must diminish as its velocity increases.
This is why the electron is observed as a point
particle when scattered at high energy. Its magnetic
moment is generated as a combination of the rotating
charge and the residual magnetic moment of photon's B
field. </div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class="">That structure is also the key to
Einstein's E = mc^2 equation. When the photon is
travelling in a circle, it is mass with angular
momentum Iω = half hbar. Unlocking its angular
momentum converts it to a linear photon with energy E
= mc^2. That model makes a number of testable
predictions of unknown electron properties. The two
polarities of electric charge are the direction the
photon that is the particle rotates wrt its magnetic
field. Different charges are mirror images of each
other. Spin is quantised because an electron can only
spin one way to the other, wrt an observer. The
different states of spin are merely "other side of the
page" images (measurements) of the same rotating
photon.</div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class="">I also suggest that same model is the
basis of the other particles, proton, neutron and
neutrino. That enables a good number of properties of
the protons and neutrons to be matched (I haven't
tried them all), as well as predicting quite a few
unknown properties that cn be tested experimentally.
It also gives a structure and maximum mass for
(electron) neutrinos and shows why they effectively
travel at the speed of light c, even though they have
mass. The measured diameter of the central core of the
nucleons, ≈ 0.105 fm, exactly matches the
radius predicted under this model, namely r =
hbar/2mc. </div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class="">The structure of the nucleons is
responsible the generation of the elementary
particles. The muons and pions. the longest lived
elementary particles, exist inside the nucleons at
rest. The remainder are only generated when
accelerated nucleons, which have an increased
frequency and hence mass, are stopped in a collision.
The nucleons now have excess energy of which they must
rid themselves because their frequencies are no longer
stable under their rest time frame reference. They do
so by cascading through a series of quasi stable
oscillations, continually generating and emitting
muons and pions as circular photons and also energy as
linear photons. Muons are 1/9th the fundamental proton
frequency and are a single oscillation, giving them
angular momentum half hbar. Pions are two oscillations
combined, 1/9th plus 1/27th, giving them angular
momentum 0 or 1 x hbar and positive, neutral or
negative charge depending upon their combination. </div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class="">So it goes on. The proposed nucleon
structure makes it very easy to understand nuclear
binding and the structure of nuclei. You can get some
more details at my website <a moz-do-not-send="true"
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="http://www.universephysics.com/">www.universephysics.com</a>.
I have compiled everything into a publication,
Understanding the Physical Universe, of which the
website gives over 10% of what is in the book. I must
get some time one day to take it a little further. </div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class="">In the second chapter I suggest how
special relativity is a derived property from the
structure of matter. In the last chapters I suggest
how general relativity is a derived property from the
properties of photons and the principle of
conservation of energy. </div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class="">In summary to John H's question, the
fundamentals of the universe are a few physical
constants, some conservation (and other) principles
and the structure of matter based upon the existence
of photons. Most of the other properties, special and
general relativity, uncertainty and exclusion
principles, temperature, etc are derived. Which brings
us back to "What is a photon". I am prepared to say "I
don't fully understand, but that should stop it from
being used in a theory.</div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class="">Cheers,</div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class="">Viv Robinson</div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class=""> <br class="">
<div class="">
<div class="">On 30/11/2015, at 3:07 PM, John
Williamson <<a moz-do-not-send="true"
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:John.Williamson@glasgow.ac.uk">John.Williamson@glasgow.ac.uk</a>>
wrote:</div>
<br class="Apple-interchange-newline">
<blockquote type="cite" class="">
<div ocsi="0" fpstyle="1" style="font-family:
Helvetica; font-size: inherit; font-style:
normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight:
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normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto;
text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none;
white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing:
0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class="">
<div style="direction: ltr; font-family: Tahoma;
font-size: 10pt; " class="">
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; color: rgb(32, 24,
140); " class=""> </span><span
style="font-size: 10pt; font-family:
Times; " class="">Yo Al,<br class="">
<br class="">
(Many others French, Calibar parts of US
...)<br class="">
<br class="">
Yep, round and round in circles sounds
likely doesn't it! This is certainly true
for most of the mad theories out there.
The parameter count starts large, argues
to deal with one crucial point which "no
one else gets" but ends up (after
including the ansatz) even larger. The
better ones (most of us then!) at least
end up with it being the same.<br class="">
<br class="">
I have a saying in reply to a cliche.
Onwards and upwards! .... and round and
round in circles!<br class="">
<br class="">
If one goes up a hill one often ends up
going round and round in circles – or
stuck at a point! There is a group in
Scotland who like to climb hills and pick
off the tallest one a time - the so called
"munro baggers”. My brother, David and I
like to mess with this a little, climb the
hills, walk round the top in a circle
(without mounting it - but taking time for
each of the vistas - spending perhaps an
hour or two there) When we do this it
always amuses us to see how many<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><span
class=""> </span>folk reach the top,
scan round briefly, maybe take a selfie,
and then go straight back down again. On
the popular hills, on a good day, this can
easily be dozens. I have to admit, once
the rush has passed, we like to go and sit
on the top in peace and quiet as well-
weather permitting!<br class="">
<br class="">
</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; " class="">Back to
business.<span class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span>In
1991 Martin and I made a list of all the
starting points of the set of theories
that constituted the then state of play of
the “standard model”. I forget the exact
number of a-priori inputs– but it was
approaching a hundred. Think … six quarks,
the SU(3) of flavour that goes with it,<span
class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span>the
additional SU(3) of colour (gluons), three
charged leptons, three neutrinos, four
electroweak gauge bosons, The Higgs
mechanism to deal with the mass problem,
space, time, energy, charge, the Su(2) of
spin, the plethora of observed symettries
– CPT. A handful of “principles” Pauli
exclusion, Heisenberg uncertainty, Mach’s
…. wave-particle-duality, U(1) in general
(as it pertains to the setting up of
“wave-functions”, quantum “collapse”, the
Poincare stresses lots of “conservation
laws” (which tend to express the
conservation of a quantity whose base
nature is not more deeply understood) ….
I’m up at over 40 already and not even
trying!</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; " class=""> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; " class="">Now it
should be realised that if one can express
any ONE of these in terms of another – and
hence reduce the number of “fundamental”
inputs by one, that this is major
progress. For example Martin and my 1997
paper reduced the number of fundamental
constants by one expressing charge in
terms of Planck’s constant, or vice-versa.
This is net progress. It also
–incidentally, got the value for g-2 (the
experimental difference for the value of 2
for the gyromagnetic ratio predicted by
the Dirac model) from a consideration of
the “rotation horizon”.<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><span
class=""> </span>This latter is very
important as this experiment is the rock
on which all previous “electromagnetic
electron” models of the 20<sup class="">th</sup><span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>century
(due to Mie, Einstein, Dirac) and many
others, had foundered.</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; " class=""> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; " class="">It is
indeed so that parts of your (latter) list
are derivative of one another – but it
could be argued that the primary list (of
6) are also not primary. For example, I
would not put all of charge, mass, and
length there. I do not thing charge is a
primary starting point at all (though I
know current comes into the MKSA system).
Also one can argue that mass and (inverse)
time are related. Maybe I would add stuff
instead – for example Planck’s constant
hbar. Plus, there is the argument I have
been making as to whether space and time,
or their inverses are more primary.</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; " class=""> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; " class="">After
setting up the list, Martin and I set out
to try to derive the starting point of
where this all came from using the
simplest possible ansatz. Now here comes
the problem: as you say to a “newbie” that
any of this should be feasible sounds
rather unlikely.<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><span
class=""> </span>Read no further: the
man is clearly a nutter. No-one could do
that! Just not possible. Forget about it!</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; " class=""> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; " class="">At the same
time, as things stand in 2015,<span
class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span>there
are a large number of “competing”
“theories” (as David points out), of which
the WvdM view is only one. The present
group, just by themselves, has lots! Not
only that<span class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span>-
many of the others are more appealing on
the surface – they speak to “common sense”
notions which dismiss things many anyway
find hard to understand – such as the
limiting velocity of light, for example.
Some speak to “familiar” science fiction,
such as FTL travel and “many worlds” time
travel that everyone has seen on TV and in
the movies. The WvdM view is, relatively,
extremely hard. Far easier to dismiss it
and look, first, at something else. The
fact that other “theories” may raise more
problems than they solve, and may even be
in direct conflict with aspects of
experiment, is taken to be irrelevant. If
one fails to understand so many things
already, what is a few more?</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; " class=""> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; " class="">Now I am
very much in favour of saying what goes
into a theory – and what comes out. The
net balance then. A couple of years ago I
gave a series of lectures on “all of
science”. These took some of the base
theories, such as quantum mechanics,
quantum electrodynamics and the “standard
model” and explained what went in and what
came out-<span class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span>in
terms meant for the understanding of
(erudite) mothers. You can look at most of
these if you like as they are up on Vimeo
(thanks Nick!). Just google “Williamson
physics vimeo” – should do it! The bottom
line of those lectures is that there is an
awful lot that goes into the foundation of
current physics. The “standard model has
over fifty “free parameters” (see above
and below). In my view this is far too
many.</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; " class=""> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; " class="">On the
other hand there are many theories out
there purporting to deal with the “central
mystery of physics”. One thing. These may
explain a particular experiment in an
alternative way – but in doing so they
raise a lot of other issues in conflict
with other experiment – which is further
ignored. This has become all too
fashionable – even for<span class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span>so
called”mainstream” theories (such as QCD)
which are clearly and fundamentally in
conflict with experiment. This is thought
by many nowadays to be ok. For me, it is
not.</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; " class=""> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; " class="">Ok .. here
is a (short) list of what one would really
like to understand. Feel free to add to it</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Times; " class=""> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
font-size: 10pt; font-family: Times;
text-indent: -18pt; " class=""><span
style="font-family: Symbol; " class=""><span
class="">·<span style="font-style:
normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family:
'Times New Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">h</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
font-size: 10pt; font-family: Times;
text-indent: -18pt; " class=""><span
style="font-family: Symbol; " class=""><span
class="">·<span style="font-style:
normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family:
'Times New Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">e</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
font-size: 10pt; font-family: Times;
text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 6px; "
class=""><span style="font-family: Symbol; "
class=""><span class="">·<span
style="font-style: normal;
font-variant: normal; font-weight:
normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height:
normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">nature of space and time</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
font-size: 10pt; font-family: Times;
text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 6px; "
class=""><span style="font-family: Symbol; "
class=""><span class="">·<span
style="font-style: normal;
font-variant: normal; font-weight:
normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height:
normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">CPT</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
font-size: 10pt; font-family: Times;
text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 6px; "
class=""><span style="font-family: Symbol; "
class=""><span class="">·<span
style="font-style: normal;
font-variant: normal; font-weight:
normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height:
normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">Boltzmann constant</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
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class=""><span style="font-family: Symbol; "
class=""><span class="">·<span
style="font-style: normal;
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normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">Non-existence magnetic monopoles</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
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class=""><span style="font-family: Symbol; "
class=""><span class="">·<span
style="font-style: normal;
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normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height:
normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">Gravitons</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
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class=""><span style="font-family: Symbol; "
class=""><span class="">·<span
style="font-style: normal;
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normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height:
normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">Allowed black body modes</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
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class=""><span style="font-family: Symbol; "
class=""><span class="">·<span
style="font-style: normal;
font-variant: normal; font-weight:
normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height:
normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">Bell</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
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class=""><span style="font-family: Symbol; "
class=""><span class="">·<span
style="font-style: normal;
font-variant: normal; font-weight:
normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height:
normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">Red shift</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
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style="font-family: Symbol; " class=""><span
class="">·<span style="font-style:
normal; font-variant: normal;
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line-height: normal; font-family:
'Times New Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">3K background radiation</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
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style="font-family: Symbol; " class=""><span
class="">·<span style="font-style:
normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family:
'Times New Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">Quantisation of e</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
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text-indent: -18pt; " class=""><span
style="font-family: Symbol; " class=""><span
class="">·<span style="font-style:
normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family:
'Times New Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">Mass</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
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style="font-family: Symbol; " class=""><span
class="">·<span style="font-style:
normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family:
'Times New Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">Spin</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
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text-indent: -18pt; " class=""><span
style="font-family: Symbol; " class=""><span
class="">·<span style="font-style:
normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family:
'Times New Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">g-2</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
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style="font-family: Symbol; " class=""><span
class="">·<span style="font-style:
normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family:
'Times New Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">Pauli principle</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
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style="font-family: Symbol; " class=""><span
class="">·<span style="font-style:
normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family:
'Times New Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">Uncertainty principle</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
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class=""><span style="font-family: Symbol; "
class=""><span class="">·<span
style="font-style: normal;
font-variant: normal; font-weight:
normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height:
normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">Origin of universe</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
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class=""><span style="font-family: Symbol; "
class=""><span class="">·<span
style="font-style: normal;
font-variant: normal; font-weight:
normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height:
normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">Flatness of universe</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
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class=""><span style="font-family: Symbol; "
class=""><span class="">·<span
style="font-style: normal;
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normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height:
normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">Conservation laws (times n!)</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
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class=""><span style="font-family: Symbol; "
class=""><span class="">·<span
style="font-style: normal;
font-variant: normal; font-weight:
normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height:
normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">Energy ... mass</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
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class=""><span style="font-family: Symbol; "
class=""><span class="">·<span
style="font-style: normal;
font-variant: normal; font-weight:
normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height:
normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">Momentum .... Force</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
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class=""><span style="font-family: Symbol; "
class=""><span class="">·<span
style="font-style: normal;
font-variant: normal; font-weight:
normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height:
normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">Angular momentum</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
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class=""><span style="font-family: Symbol; "
class=""><span class="">·<span
style="font-style: normal;
font-variant: normal; font-weight:
normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height:
normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">why is c constant?</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
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class=""><span style="font-family: Symbol; "
class=""><span class="">·<span
style="font-style: normal;
font-variant: normal; font-weight:
normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height:
normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">and why 300 000 000 m/s?</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
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class=""><span style="font-family: Symbol; "
class=""><span class="">·<span
style="font-style: normal;
font-variant: normal; font-weight:
normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height:
normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">wave-particle duality</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
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class=""><span style="font-family: Symbol; "
class=""><span class="">·<span
style="font-style: normal;
font-variant: normal; font-weight:
normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height:
normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">Baryon number (6)</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
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class=""><span style="font-family: Symbol; "
class=""><span class="">·<span
style="font-style: normal;
font-variant: normal; font-weight:
normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height:
normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">why only qqq and qq*</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
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class=""><span style="font-family: Symbol; "
class=""><span class="">·<span
style="font-style: normal;
font-variant: normal; font-weight:
normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height:
normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">Lepton number (3) (3 generations
puzzle)</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
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class=""><span style="font-family: Symbol; "
class=""><span class="">·<span
style="font-style: normal;
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normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height:
normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">SU(3) quarks</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
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class=""><span style="font-family: Symbol; "
class=""><span class="">·<span
style="font-style: normal;
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normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height:
normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">SU(3) gluons</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
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class=""><span style="font-family: Symbol; "
class=""><span class="">·<span
style="font-style: normal;
font-variant: normal; font-weight:
normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height:
normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">neutrinos</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
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class=""><span style="font-family: Symbol; "
class=""><span class="">·<span
style="font-style: normal;
font-variant: normal; font-weight:
normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height:
normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">coupling constant EM</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
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class=""><span style="font-family: Symbol; "
class=""><span class="">·<span
style="font-style: normal;
font-variant: normal; font-weight:
normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height:
normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">coupling constant EW</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
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class=""><span style="font-family: Symbol; "
class=""><span class="">·<span
style="font-style: normal;
font-variant: normal; font-weight:
normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height:
normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">coupling constant S (plus why
running coupling constant)</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
font-size: 10pt; font-family: Times;
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class=""><span style="font-family: Symbol; "
class=""><span class="">·<span
style="font-style: normal;
font-variant: normal; font-weight:
normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height:
normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">Postulate of equivalence</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
font-size: 10pt; font-family: Times;
text-indent: -18pt; " class=""><span
style="font-family: Symbol; " class=""><span
class="">·<span style="font-style:
normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family:
'Times New Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">Quantum measurement collapse</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
font-size: 10pt; font-family: Times;
text-indent: -18pt; " class=""><span
style="font-family: Symbol; " class=""><span
class="">·<span style="font-style:
normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family:
'Times New Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">Dark matter</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; "><span style="font-family: 'Times
New Roman'; " class="" lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
font-size: 10pt; font-family: Times;
text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 6px; "
class=""><span style="font-family: Symbol; "
class=""><span class="">·<span
style="font-style: normal;
font-variant: normal; font-weight:
normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height:
normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">First law of thermodynamics
(Energy conservation)</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
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class=""><span style="font-family: Symbol; "
class=""><span class="">·<span
style="font-style: normal;
font-variant: normal; font-weight:
normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height:
normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">Higgs</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
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class=""><span style="font-family: Symbol; "
class=""><span class="">·<span
style="font-style: normal;
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normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height:
normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">Spontaneous symmetry breaking</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
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class=""><span style="font-family: Symbol; "
class=""><span class="">·<span
style="font-style: normal;
font-variant: normal; font-weight:
normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height:
normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">Mach’s principle</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
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class=""><span style="font-family: Symbol; "
class=""><span class="">·<span
style="font-style: normal;
font-variant: normal; font-weight:
normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height:
normal; font-family: 'Times New
Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">Poincaré stresses</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
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text-indent: -18pt; " class=""><span
style="font-family: Symbol; " class=""><span
class="">·<span style="font-style:
normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family:
'Times New Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">Why 4-D?</span><span class=""></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
font-size: 10pt; font-family: Times;
text-indent: -18pt; " class=""><span
style="font-family: Symbol; " class=""><span
class="">·<span style="font-style:
normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family:
'Times New Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">Why (apparently) 3D</span><span
class=""></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px 0cm 0px 36pt;
font-size: 10pt; font-family: Times;
text-indent: -18pt; " class=""><span
style="font-family: Symbol; " class=""><span
class="">·<span style="font-style:
normal; font-variant: normal;
font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt;
line-height: normal; font-family:
'Times New Roman'; " class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class="">…..</span><a
moz-do-not-send="true" name="_GoBack"
class=""></a><span class=""></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times
New Roman'; " class="">Good ho. Now the
solution of Hilbert’s sixth should, if it
is indeed a solution, explain all of
these, just and no more, in terms of an
axiomatic starting set. That is it should,
for example, say why there is an SU(3) of
flavour AND why the only observed states
within this large group are in the subset
of either qqq or qqbar. It should get the
SU(2) of spin. Explain the U(1) of
electromagnetism and quantum solutions. It
should either predict the whole lot, or
remove their necessity (e.g for
“spontaneous symmetry breaking) – and
explain why this is the case. Big problem!</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; "><span style="font-family: 'Times
New Roman'; " class=""> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times
New Roman'; " class="">Ok – those
particular “big problems” (SU(3) etc ..
not the whole list) ARE derived from the
new theory. So too are observed
symmetries, for example CPT. What has
charge got to do with parity and
time-reversal? Indeed. Easy to understand
if you take charge to result from an
electromagnetic localisation in a
non-trivial topology. Other, things which
fall (I’m just going up the list) are the<span
class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span>Poincare
stresses, why apparently 3D, Higgs (not
needed). The generations mystery, dark
matter, the Pauli principle (my 2012
paper) and the allowed black body modes.
This is quite a lot. No a-priori quarks</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; "><span style="font-family: 'Times
New Roman'; " class=""> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times
New Roman'; " class="">Hodge keeps
shouting “what goes in”. John I (and
Richard, Chip, John M, Viv, Hagen,
Albrecht) have already said what goes in
in both the paper and in lots of these
emails. Never mind: I will say it again.</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; "><span style="font-family: 'Times
New Roman'; " class=""> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times
New Roman'; " class="">What goes in (to
mine) is space (and its inversion), time
(and its inversion) and (root) energy.</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; "><span style="font-family: 'Times
New Roman'; " class=""> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times
New Roman'; " class="">That is not really
fair since there is – in fact more. For
one thing there is a specific way in which
space and time go in – for me as a
restricted Dirac-Clifford algebra. R<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span
style="font-family: Symbol; " class="">Ä</span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class=""><span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Cl(1,3)
– (as opposed to a general Dirac algebra
which is C<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span
style="font-family: Symbol; " class="">Ä</span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class=""><span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Cl(1,3).
Hence it contains not just space and time
but the experimentally observed properties
of “space” and “time”.<span class=""> <span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span>So
one could better say that what goes in is
this restricted algebra, root energy and
no more.</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; "><span style="font-family: 'Times
New Roman'; " class=""> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times
New Roman'; " class="">Now this algebra
includes the properties of
“multiplication” “division” (and hence
inversion as mentioned above) “addition”
and “subtraction”. You may think the
latter set are a given – but they are
anything but. What does it actually MEAN
to divide space by time. What is the
underlying physical process that the
(human invention of) “division” is meant
to represent in reality? For this to be
properly explained you need my and Martins
paper on “division and the algebra of
reality”. Coming soon!</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; "><span style="font-family: 'Times
New Roman'; " class=""> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times
New Roman'; " class="">What does NOT go in
are some of the numerical values mentioned
above – although given some values (e.g.
h) one can calculate others (e.g. e).</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; "><span style="font-family: 'Times
New Roman'; " class=""> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times
New Roman'; " class="">So- what else comes
out in payment for the input. One gets the
Maxwell equations – all four of them and
not just 2 as in Jackson. As a bonus one
gets four more – connecting current and
spin. One gets out the SU(2) of spin and
SU(3) of flavour. One can derive U(1) as a
simple projection of the better symmetry
in eq 21 (e.g. eq 22). In other words one
derives a big chunk of the starting
assumptions of the standard model. One
derives the point-like (as opposed to the
point) interaction of elementary leptons.
One gets the starting point of QED, while
fixing some of the renormalisation
problems. One understands the origin of
CPT. One gets out the origin of the
Poincare stresses (which bind the electron
charge). One gets out a fully-relativistic
wave function for the photon. One gets out
the reason for the quantisation of
travelling electromagnetic waves. One gets
a possible explanation for dark matter.
One gets out a possible reason for
black-body quantisation. One gets out a
new solution of the new equations
corresponding to a charged, spin half pair
or particles identified with the electron
and the positron. I think, given the Dirac
algebra existed already and that I have
only made it simpler and more specific,
this is net positive. What do you think?</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; "><span style="font-family: 'Times
New Roman'; " class=""> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times
New Roman'; " class="">Anyway, this is
only the beginning. One has a new set of
equations of motion to play with, just
waiting for people to start finding more
particular solutions.</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; "><span style="font-family: 'Times
New Roman'; " class=""> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-family: 'Times
New Roman'; " class="">More comments below
(in blue)</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; "><span style="font-family: 'Times
New Roman'; " class=""> </span></p>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; text-align: center; "
align="center"><span style="font-family:
'Times New Roman'; " class="">
<hr class="" align="center" size="2"
width="100%"></span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
12pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria;
"><b class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Tahoma; " class="">From:</span></b><span
style="font-size: 10pt; font-family:
Tahoma; " class=""><span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a
moz-do-not-send="true"
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de">af.kracklauer@web.de</a></a><span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>[<a
moz-do-not-send="true"
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de">af.kracklauer@web.de</a></a>]<br
class="">
<b class="">Sent:</b><span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Sunday,
November 29, 2015 4:00 PM<br class="">
<b class="">To:</b><span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>John
Williamson<br class="">
<b class="">Cc:</b><span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Mark,
Martin van der;<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a
moz-do-not-send="true"
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a></a>;
Nick Bailey;<span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a
moz-do-not-send="true"
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:pete@leathergoth.com"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:pete@leathergoth.com">pete@leathergoth.com</a></a>;
Ariane Mandray; David Williamson<br
class="">
<b class="">Subject:</b><span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Aw:
RE: RE: [General] Nature of charge</span><span
style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "
class=""></span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana; " class="">Privet,
Ivan: (Russian hi---more fun!)</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana; " class=""> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana; " class="">I'v been
writting "Clifford" where I should have
been writting
conventional/Grassmann/Clifford. I.e.,
some version of the basic idea (toy model)
that looks and smells like stuff found in
no-too-esoteric lit. Those more used to
using than creating/discovering math find
it difficult to translate to a known
background. (Same with languages, if two
are learned without explicit connection,
one may be able to speak both fluently but
not able to translate between them, in
real time anyway.)</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana; " class=""> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana; color: rgb(51, 102,
255); " class="">You are right that people
seem to have trouble understanding what I
am talking</span><span style="font-size:
9pt; font-family: Verdana; " class=""><span
class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>about.
</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana; " class=""> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana; " class="">I find it
highly likely that you, Albrecht and John
M. are going in circles.</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana; " class=""> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana; color: rgb(51, 102,
255); " class="">I agree about John M. and
Albrecht! (sorry guys – you probably think
the same about me!).</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana; " class=""> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana; " class=""> For
BASIC physics the set of units is: {e,m,l
(x3),t}, that is, 6 entities. On the
hand, in physics theories there are many
more inserted items: e.g., momentum,
energy, wave, angular mommentum, spin,
field, Compton wave length, deBroglie
wave, electron, position, quark, .......
etc., etc. Thus, among the latter set,
there has to be gobs of redundancy,</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana; " class=""> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana; color: rgb(51, 102,
255); " class="">True: see above</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana; color: rgb(51, 102,
255); " class=""> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana; " class="">which
makes it possible to "derive" (actually
extract) various constants and magic
numbers from other various combinations
thereof!</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana; " class=""> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana; color: rgb(51, 102,
255); " class="">Agreed. There is a lot of
numerology bullshit out there. Please
note, I’m not primarily about numbers, but
about a new set of differential equations
with new solutions.</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana; " class=""> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana; " class=""><span
class=""> </span> If you wish to argue
that this is not the case, then it might
be smart to so present your story(s) by
starting from an explicit list of what
your are inputting (and thereby NOT
explaining) and present arguments why what
your choice of inputs is, is resonable
given available emperical evidence.</span><span
style="font-size: 10pt; font-family:
Verdana; " class=""> </span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Verdana; " class=""> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Verdana; color: rgb(51, 102,
255); " class="">Good point. Have tried to
do this. I thought that was what I was
doing in saying what went in (space, time
and root-energy) and in defining the
algebra to be used. Obviously, this is not
enough to get this across to most folk.</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Verdana; " class=""> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Verdana; " class=""><span
class=""> </span>For one thing, this
gives the newby a shot at determining with
relatively litte time invested whether
what you intend to do is at all feasible
given his (the newby's) state of
knowldege.</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Verdana; " class=""> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Verdana; color: rgb(51, 102,
255); " class="">Sorry, but hard stuff is
just hard – otherwise loads of other folk
would have solved the problem long ago.
Even when discovered by another and then
explained it remains hard.</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Verdana; " class=""> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Verdana; " class=""><span
class=""> </span> Of course, all
conceivable refs, will be newbys in YOUR
game. This is where I stumble; usually I
just assume that this can be done and give
it a go---until entropy diverges and I
quit. </span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Verdana; " class=""> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Verdana; color: rgb(51, 102,
255); " class="">You and me both. I tried
it myself for a decade, gave up and went
into engineering – then met Martin. Two
has been enough!</span><span
style="font-size: 9pt; font-family:
Verdana; color: rgb(51, 102, 255); "
class=""></span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 9pt;
font-family: Verdana; " class=""> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Verdana; " class="">For what
it's worth, Al</span></div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm
0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
Cambria; "><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Verdana; " class=""> </span></p>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;
font-size: 12pt; font-family: Cambria; "
class=""><span style="font-size: 10pt;
font-family: Verdana; color: rgb(51, 102,
255); " class="">Ciao, John.</span><span
style="font-size: 9pt; font-family:
Verdana; color: rgb(51, 102, 255); "
class=""></span></div>
</div>
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