<html><head></head><body><div style="color:#000; background-color:#fff; font-family:HelveticaNeue, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, Lucida Grande, sans-serif;font-size:16px"><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30718"><span>John</span></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30719"><span><br></span></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30721"><span id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30720">My apologies for this late response. I'm slowly catching up on the volumes of traffic.</span></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30721"><span><br></span></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30721" dir="ltr"><span id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_31029">I find that physics is in need of roadmaps. Given all the various types of models we have centered around the photon including both electron and spacetime, just a simple comparison between models would help. However, by using specific types of mathematical approaches such as Dirac or Weyl, there may be useful insights into the common threads between these models.</span></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30721" dir="ltr"><span><br></span></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30721" dir="ltr"><span id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_31030">When I see Dirac and Weyl, I also think particles and in particular, Majorna. Not that this matter for linearization but the three types of particles matter as topological transformations. So linearization may not be the only approach.</span></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30721" dir="ltr"><span><br></span></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30721" dir="ltr"><span id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_31031">Also, I don't like just linearization. Yes, I use it to make experiments work most notably Hoyle-Narlikar (linearized GRT). However, I fear I'm missing out on something by not extending the series or using exponential notation and using the full GRT. Furthermore, GRT appears inadequate at galactic distances.</span></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30721" dir="ltr"><br></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30721" dir="ltr"><span id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_31474">In that regard, Peter Rowlands work has been mentioned. I would suggest The Theoretical Minimum (Susskind). Also, Dynamic Theory (Pharis Williams). </span></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30721" dir="ltr"><span><br></span></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30721" dir="ltr"><a href="http://theoreticalminimum.com/" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_31069">The Theoretical Minimum</a></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30721" dir="ltr"><span style="font-family: 'Droid Serif'; font-size: 13px;" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_31325" class="">The </span><a href="http://theoreticalminimum.com/about" rel="nofollow" style="border: 0px; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: 'Droid Serif'; font-size: 13px; line-height: inherit; color: rgb(130, 0, 0);" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_31327" class="">Theoretical Minimum</a><span style="font-family: 'Droid Serif'; font-size: 13px;" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_31329" class=""> is a series of Stanford Continuing Studies courses taught by world renowned physicist </span><a href="http://theoreticalminimum.com/biography" rel="nofollow" style="border: 0px; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: 'Droid Serif'; font-size: 13px; line-height: inherit; color: rgb(130, 0, 0);" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_31331" class="">Leonard Susskind</a><span style="font-family: 'Droid Serif'; font-size: 13px;" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_31333" class="">. These courses collectively teach everything required to gain a basic understanding of each area of modern physics including all of the fundamental mathematics.</span><br></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30721" dir="ltr"><span><br></span></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30721"><span id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_31397">While the focus of this ongoing discussion has been on photon, electron and spacetime with occasional forays into quarks and the remaining bosons, there is this nagging question about how to model neutrinos. </span></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30721"><span><br></span></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30721" dir="ltr"><a href="http://phys.org/news/2015-12-nobel-winning-discovery-neutrino-oscillations-neutrinos.html" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30811">Nobel-winning discovery of neutrino oscillations, proving that neutrinos have mass</a></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30723"><span><br></span></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30723">For me, this gets back to the charge-mass relationship which appears to be a direct relationship in some case. However, it's not clear that the relationship between charge and mass is linear.</div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30723"><br></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30723"><br></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30723"><br></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30723">Best</div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30723"><br></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30723">David</div><br> <blockquote style="border-left: 2px solid rgb(16, 16, 255); margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 5px; padding-left: 5px;" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30729"> <div style="font-family: HelveticaNeue, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, Lucida Grande, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30728"> <div style="font-family: HelveticaNeue, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, Lucida Grande, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30727"> <div dir="ltr" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30726"> <font size="2" face="Arial" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30725"> <hr size="1" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30724"> <b id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_31335"><span style="font-weight:bold;" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_31334">From:</span></b> John Williamson <John.Williamson@glasgow.ac.uk><br> <b><span style="font-weight: bold;">To:</span></b> "af.kracklauer@web.de" <af.kracklauer@web.de> <br><b><span style="font-weight: bold;">Cc:</span></b> Nick Bailey <nick@bailey-family.org.uk>; "Mark, Martin van der" <martin.van.der.mark@philips.com>; "general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org" <general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org>; Ariane Mandray <ariane.mandray@wanadoo.fr>; "pete@leathergoth.com" <pete@leathergoth.com>; David Williamson <david.williamson@ed.ac.uk><br> <b><span style="font-weight: bold;">Sent:</span></b> Thursday, November 26, 2015 8:01 PM<br> <b><span style="font-weight: bold;">Subject:</span></b> [General] 21st century linear, first order theories. Are there any others?<br> </font> </div> <div class="y_msg_container" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30730"><br><div id="yiv3903682786">
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<div class="yiv3903682786MsoNormal" style=""><span style="font-family:Tahoma;color:black;" lang="EN-US">Dear all,</span></div>
<div class="yiv3903682786MsoNormal" style="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30731"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;color:black;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span></div>
<div class="yiv3903682786MsoNormal" style="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30776"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;color:black;" lang="EN-US" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30775">I’m just writing a paper on the new linear set of differential equations I proposed
last year and want to compare it to similar work in the 21<sup>st</sup> century, or fairly recently at least. I usually like to read a couple of papers before breakfast (thanks for keeping me supplied guys – especially David John D and Al) – but I’m just drawing
a blank here. What should I be looking at?</span></div>
<div class="yiv3903682786MsoNormal" style="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30735"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;color:black;" lang="EN-US" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30734">To be specific:
<span style=""> </span>is anyone aware of any other equations which have been proposed this century or in the second half of last century which can be written in the linear first-order form d (something) = 0?</span></div>
<div class="yiv3903682786MsoNormal" style="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30806"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;color:black;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span></div>
<div class="yiv3903682786MsoNormal" style="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30737"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;color:black;" lang="EN-US" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30736">For reference, what comes to mind in the early twentieth are the Dirac equation
and the Weyl equation. There were other guys playing with things around then, but my mind has gone blank (Eddington?). Shroedinger’s, of course, has second order derivatives (though, as Dieks has argued it has first order features imported though the adoption
of the de Broglie relation – and I am going to refer to that). I’m also not talking about further work on Dirac or Maxwell such as that by Hestenes or using the Bateman method on the Maxwell equations (of which the most advanced work, in my view, is that of
Martin which he and I will review over the Christmas “vacation”). I’m talking about proper, basic, first order equations of light, matter or anything else.</span></div>
<div class="yiv3903682786MsoNormal" style="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30757"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;color:black;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span></div>
<div class="yiv3903682786MsoNormal" style="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30739"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;color:black;" lang="EN-US" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30738">David – you were proposing I write a review of comparable work (and I am delighted
that you are going to review the various electron models!) – but I’m talking here about linear theories expressed in (vector) differential form, not about any specific model within them. Tony … your stuff is brilliant but second order – anything else you are
aware of?<span style=""> </span>Nick … Pask’s stuff was brilliant too – did he express anything new in linear equations? Also, of course, not referring to work on such perturbative theories as QED and non-perturbative stuff such as QCD, most
of the “standard model” and the various string theories. Chip, Albrecht, Richard ... you have been looking at lots of electron and photon models - anything there? Joakim, Adam, Mayank ... anything caught your attention? Chandra, Al, Martin … anything on light
beyond Maxwell or in “quantum entanglement”? Michael M, David, Viv … anything out there in space?</span></div>
<div class="yiv3903682786MsoNormal" style="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30740"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;color:black;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span></div>
<div class="yiv3903682786MsoNormal" style="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30759"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;color:black;" lang="EN-US" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30760">Maybe I’m being stupid at this time in the morning and more things will come
to me after another cup of coffee, but I’m drawing a blank here.<span style="">
</span>Any further suggestions would be helpful!</span></div>
<div class="yiv3903682786MsoNormal" style="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30758"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;color:black;" lang="EN-US"><br>
</span></div>
<div class="yiv3903682786MsoNormal" style="" id="yui_3_16_0_1_1449854796467_30761"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;color:black;" lang="EN-US">Regards, John.</span></div>
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