<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html charset=windows-1252"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div class="">Hello Albrecht,</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">   You want to explain inertia and therefore momentum (in your view) by the strong force. But what is your “mechanism” or explanation for the strong force?  You have not explained or even tried to explain the strong force so you are actually doing what you are accusing me of doing — not explaining what momentum is or what is its “mechanism”.  But I’m not trying to explain momentum, I’m trying to explain inertial mass or inertia in terms of momentum. If inertia can be explained in terms of momentum, I would say that is progress. If this leads to a greater insights into why inertial mass equals gravitational mass (if it does), that would be further progress. Scientific progress occurs in steps, it’s not all or nothing.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">    Newton’s F=ma is actually a tautological or circular relationship. A force F does not CAUSE acceleration. Acceleration is observed and measured. “Force" is DEFINED as ma, never observed. Or m is DEFINED as F/a.  “Mass" is also never observed. Physical objects are hypothesized, observed, measured or inferred. None of Newton’s laws have ever been experimentally proved, at least according to MIT physics lecturer Walter Lewin (introduction to mechanics). You can’t prove or disprove a definition. F=ma is a circular relationship that works within certain limits without knowing what either force or mass is fundamentally.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">     The cause of the inertia of the electron is considered to be one of the deepest mysteries of physics. Frank Wilczek in his article “The origin of mass” at <a href="http://web.mit.edu/physics/news/physicsatmit/physicsatmit_03_wilczek_originofmass.pdf" class="">http://web.mit.edu/physics/news/physicsatmit/physicsatmit_03_wilczek_originofmass.pdf</a> concludes: </div><div class="">
                
        
        
                <div class="page" title="Page 12">
                        <div class="layoutArea">
                                <div class="column"><p class=""><span style="font-size: 11.000000pt; font-family: 'Granjon'" class="">"Still, as I’ve already mentioned, our understanding of the origin of mass is by
no means complete. We have achieved a beautiful and profound understanding
of the origin of </span><span style="font-size: 11.000000pt; font-family: 'Granjon'; font-style: italic" class="">most </span><span style="font-size: 11.000000pt; font-family: 'Granjon'" class="">of the mass of ordinary matter, but not of </span><span style="font-size: 11.000000pt; font-family: 'Granjon'; font-style: italic" class="">all </span><span style="font-size: 11.000000pt; font-family: 'Granjon'" class="">of it. The value
of the electron mass, in particular, remains deeply mysterious even in our most advanced
speculations about unification and string theory. And ordinary matter, we have recently
learned, supplies only a small fraction of mass in the Universe as a whole. More
beautiful and profound revelations surely await discovery. We continue to search
for concepts and theories that will allow us to understand the origin of mass in all
its forms, by unveiling more of Nature’s hidden symmetries." </span></p>
                                </div>
                        </div>
                </div></div><div class="">And Wilczek is talking about the origin of the magnitude of the electron’s mass, not the cause of the electron’s inertia.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""> I am not claiming, as you do, to derive the electron’s mass m = 0.511 MeV/c^2  in a circular way from the Bohr magneton ehbar/2m which isn’t even the electron’s experimental magnetic moment, only an approximation calculated from the known measured values of e, h and m.  But it is not tautological or circular to derive the electron’s inertial mass m = 0.511Mev/c^2 from a circulating photon model of an electron where this circulating photon has (for no known reason) energy hf = 0.511MeV and momentum p = 0.511MeV/c . After all, a photon’s rest mass (0 Mev/c^2)  is not the same as a photon’s inertial mass (hf/c^2). And the rest mass m of a moving electron is not the same as the inertial mass gamma m of this moving electron. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">As far as what you say about the Higgs mechanism and inertia, here’s an interesting quote from Bernhard Haisch in <a href="http://www.calphysics.org/articles/newscientist.html" class="">http://www.calphysics.org/articles/newscientist.html</a> . Haisch and his colleagues have been studying inertia and its possible explanation for years: <span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: small; text-align: justify; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);" class="">"But the Higgs mechanism does not explain why mass, or its energy equivalent, resists motion or reacts to gravity," says Bernard Haisch of the California Institute for Physics and Astrophysics in Palo Alto. He believes instead that inertia and gravity are manifestations of far more familiar effects. </span></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">So the Higgs field, while it may “explain” why some particles have rest mass and others don't, apparently doesn’t explain the inertia of mass. So your explanation of inertia is apparently not in competition with the Higgs mechanism of mass. But I would say that your explanation of inertial mass in terms of the strong nuclear force IS in competition with the derivation of inertial mass from momentum. And Occam’s razor and physical facts do apply.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">One more comment. Momentum is a vector quantity, with both magnitude and direction. Inertial mass is a scalar quantity, with magnitude only. So Inertia cannot be the same as momentum unless inertia is also a vector quantity, having direction as well as magnitude. Perhaps inertia IS a vector quantity after all, subject to vector addition (and cancellation). That would be interesting.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Richard</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">  </div><br class=""><div><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class="">On Jan 27, 2016, at 1:37 PM, Albrecht Giese <<a href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de" class="">genmail@a-giese.de</a>> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div class="">
  
    <meta content="text/html; charset=windows-1252" http-equiv="Content-Type" class="">
  
  <div text="#000000" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" class="">
    Hello Richard,<br class="">
    <br class="">
    there is not necessarily a hierarchy between mass and momentum. But
    the origin of all is the resistance against a change of the motion
    state. That resistance is called inertia. And this resistance causes
    momentum as well as mass. <br class="">
    <br class="">
    If you understand the momentum as on the top of the hierarchy, you
    have to explain which mechanism causes momentum. There must be one.
    What is it?<br class="">
    <br class="">
    My explanation of inertia is the only working one which I know. And
    which of course is not a tautological explanation. The other
    explanation followed by main stream is the Higgs model. That is
    derived from QM, and that is something which I personally do not
    like very much. But the strong argument against the Higgs model is
    the fact that the necessary Higgs field does not exist as far as we
    know. And again, I have never heard about another model of inertial
    which is not tautological. <br class="">
    <br class="">
    My model for leptons and for quarks has to function as it does,
    under the assumption that inertia has to be explained. And we may
    not ask for Occam's Razor if there is no alternative. I do not see
    any. <br class="">
    <br class="">
    My model explains the photon in a fundamentally similar way as a
    lepton and a quark. But for the photon something has to be added to
    explain its constant speed, i.e. the fact that it cannot be found at
    rest. And the fact of twice the spin. This letter point seems to me
    not too serious. <br class="">
    <br class="">
    The relativistic increase of the particle mass at motion (not only
    the electron, but all) is easily and straight explained by the
    model. Take the calculation of the inertial mass and adjust the
    distance of the sub-particles for the relativistic contraction. Then
    the straight result is the new mass increased by the factor gamma.
    Your find it in my web site about "origin of mass". And the relation
    energy to mass: E=mc^2 follows immediately from the same
    calculation. Who else has ever deduced the famous formula of
    Einstein? I do not know any else deduction which refers to a
    physical mechanism. <br class="">
    <br class="">
    Strong force? In the 1940s calculations of the electron have been
    made in Germany which were based on the assumption that there are
    only electrical forces in the particle. The resulting mass turned
    out to be too low by a factor of ca. 300. This is about the factor
    by which the strong force is stronger than the electrical one. So
    there is no surprise that with the assumption of the strong force
    the results are correct. I think this is a good argument. Isn't it?<br class="">
    <br class="">
    Albrecht<br class="">
    <br class="">
    <br class="">
    <br class="">
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">Am 26.01.2016 um 01:50 schrieb Richard
      Gauthier:<br class="">
    </div>
    <blockquote cite="mid:7DEA6DFD-C1EB-4058-99AF-D71BF4807606@gmail.com" type="cite" class="">
      <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
        charset=windows-1252" class="">
      Hello Albrecht,
      <div class=""><br class="">
        <div class="">   I know that you object to my derivation, but I
          am proposing that momentum is primary and inertia is
          secondary. You have got it backwards. The inertial mass of an
          electron is (in my approach) quantitatively due to the
          circulating internal momentum of its charged (or uncharged)
          photon. By extension, the inertial mass of all particles with
          rest mass is likely due to internally circulating momenta. It
          is true as you say that in a world without inertia (or
          inertial mass) there would be no momentum, but in a world
          without momentum there would also be no inertia (or inertial
          mass). Inertia (or inertial mass) is due to momentum (in my
          approach). Momentum is not due to inertia. </div>
        <div class=""><br class="">
        </div>
        <div class="">  I know that your electron hypothesis attempts to
          derive the inertia of an electron differently. But I think you
          will have to admit that my derivation of the electron’s
          inertial mass from the electron’s proposed circulating
          internal photon momentum is very much simpler than yours
          (which is by the way based on highly questionable premises
          since there is no accepted experimental evidence for the
          strong nuclear force influencing electric charges, zero
          experimental evidence for two sub-particles in an electron,
          and your electron model’s apparently negative rest mass due to
          its negative internal potential energy), and thus by Occam's
          Razor, much to be preferred. Plus, your model doesn’t derive
          the inertial mass of a photon as hf/c^2 or the inertial mass
          of a relativistically moving electron as gamma m, does it?</div>
        <div class=""><br class="">
        </div>
        <div class="">     Richard</div>
        <div class=""><br class="">
          <div class="">
            <blockquote type="cite" class="">
              <div class="">On Jan 25, 2016, at 8:33 AM, Albrecht Giese
                <<a moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de" class="">genmail@a-giese.de</a>>
                wrote:</div>
              <br class="Apple-interchange-newline">
              <div class="">
                <meta content="text/html; charset=windows-1252" http-equiv="Content-Type" class="">
                <div text="#000000" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" class=""> Dear
                  Richard,<br class="">
                  <br class="">
                  you know that I object to your derivation of inertial
                  mass. You deduce it from momentum. That is
                  mathematically possible by using the known relations.
                  But it is not logical in so far as momentum depends on
                  inertia. In a world without inertia there would be no
                  momentum.<br class="">
                  <br class="">
                  So we have to explain first the mechanism of inertia
                  itself, then we can derive the momentum and the
                  inertial mass.<br class="">
                  <br class="">
                  Best<br class="">
                  Albrecht<br class="">
                  <br class="">
                  <br class="">
                  <div class="moz-cite-prefix">Am 24.01.2016 um 20:42
                    schrieb Richard Gauthier:<br class="">
                  </div>
                  <blockquote cite="mid:0907288F-7DBF-486D-B8E1-30751A151F73@gmail.com" type="cite" class="">
                    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
                      charset=windows-1252" class="">
                    <div class="">Hello Vladimir and Chandra and all,</div>
                    <div class=""><br class="">
                    </div>
                    <div class="">  Yes, I definitely support the idea
                      of the ether as material space, and that all
                      physical particles are derived from this ether.
                      This ether can also be called a plenum or Cosmic
                      Tension Field.</div>
                    <div class=""><br class="">
                    </div>
                    <div class="">   I don’t however think that it is
                      necessary to explain the inertial mass of
                      particles in relation to a "coefficient of
                      inertia” or "the amount of momentum the ether
                      resists." I have shown (<a moz-do-not-send="true" href="https://www.academia.edu/19652036/The_Origin_of_the_Electrons_Inertia" class="">https://www.academia.edu/19652036/The_Origin_of_the_Electrons_Inertia</a> )


                      by a very simple derivation that the inertial mass
                      m of an electron may be derived from the momentum
                      of the circling photon in a circulating-photon
                      model of the electron, whose circling photon has
                      momentum mc where m = Eo/c^2 = hf/c^2 ,  where Eo
                      is the rest energy 0.511 MeV of the electron and f
                      is the frequency of the circulating photon in the
                      resting electron. Secondly, in a similar way I
                      derived a linearly moving photon's inertial mass
                      to be M-inertial = hf/c^2 , where f is the
                      photon’s frequency, even though a photon has zero
                      rest mass. Thirdly, I derived the inertial mass of
                      a relativistic electron, whose momentum is p=gamma
                      mv, to be  M-inertial = gamma m , even though the
                      moving electron's rest mass is m.  </div>
                    <div class=""><br class="">
                    </div>
                    <div class="">   I present these  derivations below,
                      taken from the <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="http://academia.edu/" class="">academia.edu</a> session
                      on my electron inertia article at <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="https://www.academia.edu/s/a26afd55e0?source=link" class=""></a><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.academia.edu/s/a26afd55e0?source=link">https://www.academia.edu/s/a26afd55e0?source=link</a> :</div>
                    <div class=""><br class="">
                    </div>
                    <div class=""><span class="js-non-expanded-comment" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(73, 72, 72); font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; white-space: pre-wrap;">"One reason people don’t think that a photon has any inertial mass (because it has no rest mass) is that how do you get a photon to change its momentum (i.e. accelerate) in order to measure its inertial mass. It can’t go faster or slower than c in a vacuum, so it can’t accelerate in a linear direction, and in normal physics a photon doesn’t follow a curved path (except with gravity), which would make it possible to measure its centripetal acceleration c^2/R . But as I showed in my short el</span><span class="js-expanded-comment" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(73, 72, 72); font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; white-space: pre-wrap;">ectron inertia  article at <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="https://www.academia.edu/19652036/The_Origin_of_the_Elect%0Arons_Inertia" class="">https://www.academia.edu/19652036/The_Origin_of_the_Electrons_Inertia</a> , the electron model in a resting electron has the photon going in a circle, with momentum mc and speed c, and the electron's inertial mass is then calculated to be M-inertial =(dp/dt)/Acentrifugal =wmc/(c^2/r)= m which is the inertial mass of the electron. But this calculation of the circling charged photon's inertial mass is independent of the radius of the charged photon’s circular orbit. Let that circular radius go towards infinity and you get a photon traveling in essentially a straight line, still having its inertial mass M =hf/c^2 (where the photon frequency f decreases as the radius of the circle increases) . So according to this logic,  a linearly moving photon DOES have inertial mass M-inertial =hf/c^2 even though a photon has zero rest mass. And when a relativistic electron with momentum p=gamma mv travels in a circle with speed v, the inertial mass calculation
 above gives M
-in
ertial = gamma m for a circling relativistic electron, and not just m the electron’s rest mass . Extending the radius here towards infinity also gives a linearly moving electron an inertial mass M = gamma m and not just the electron's rest mass m."</span></div>
                    <div class=""><span class="js-expanded-comment" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(73, 72, 72); font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; white-space: pre-wrap;">
</span></div>
                    <div class=""><span class="js-expanded-comment" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(73, 72, 72); font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; white-space: normal;" class="">      As far as I know these are all original derivations of the inertial mass of a resting electron, a photon and a relativistic electron based on a circulating photon model of an electron. I would be pleased to be shown otherwise.</span></span></div>
                    <div class=""><span class="js-expanded-comment" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(73, 72, 72); font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; white-space: normal;" class="">
</span></span></div>
                    <div class=""><span class="js-expanded-comment" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(73, 72, 72); font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; white-space: normal;" class="">  Richard</span></span></div>
                    <div class=""><span class="js-expanded-comment" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(73, 72, 72); font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22px; white-space: pre-wrap;">    </span></div>
                    <br class="">
                    <div class="">
                      <blockquote type="cite" class="">
                        <div class="">On Jan 24, 2016, at 6:42 AM,
                          Roychoudhuri, Chandra <<a moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:chandra.roychoudhuri@uconn.edu" class=""></a><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:chandra.roychoudhuri@uconn.edu">chandra.roychoudhuri@uconn.edu</a>>


                          wrote:</div>
                        <br class="Apple-interchange-newline">
                        <div class="">
                          <div class="WordSection1" style="page:
                            WordSection1; font-family: Helvetica;
                            font-size: 12px; font-style: normal;
                            font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal;
                            letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal;
                            orphans: auto; text-align: start;
                            text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none;
                            white-space: normal; widows: auto;
                            word-spacing: 0px;
                            -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;">
                            <div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;
                              font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New
                              Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt;" class="">Yes,
                                Vlad, that is also my viewpoint.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div>
                            <div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;
                              font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New
                              Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt;" class="">I do
                                not remember whether I have attached
                                this paper while communicating with you
                                earlier. I call the “plenum” Cosmic
                                Tension Field (CTF), to be descriptive
                                in its essential properties.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div>
                            <div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;
                              font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New
                              Roman', serif;" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt;" class="">Chandra.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div>
                            <div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;
                              font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New
                              Roman', serif;" class=""><a moz-do-not-send="true" name="_MailEndCompose" class=""><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family:
                                  Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31,
                                  73, 125);" class=""> </span></a></div>
                            <div class="">
                              <div style="border-style: solid none none;
                                border-top-color: rgb(181, 196, 223);
                                border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 3pt 0in
                                0in;" class="">
                                <div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;
                                  font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times
                                  New Roman', serif;" class=""><b class=""><span style="font-size:
                                      10pt; font-family: Tahoma,
                                      sans-serif;" class="">From:</span></b><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family:
                                    Tahoma, sans-serif;" class=""><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>General
                                    [<a moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="mailto:general-bounces+chandra.roychoudhuri=uconn.edu@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">mailto:general-bounces+chandra.roychoudhuri=uconn.edu@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a>]<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b class="">On Behalf Of<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b>Vladimir


                                    Tamari<br class="">
                                    <b class="">Sent:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Saturday,

                                    January 23, 2016 7:00 PM<br class="">
                                    <b class="">To:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Nature
                                    of Light and Particles - General
                                    Discussion<br class="">
                                    <b class="">Subject:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Re:

                                    [General] (no subject)<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div>
                              </div>
                            </div>
                            <div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;
                              font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New
                              Roman', serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></div>
                            <div class="">
                              <div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;
                                font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New
                                Roman', serif;" class="">Hi Richard <o:p class=""></o:p></div>
                            </div>
                            <div class="">
                              <div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;
                                font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New
                                Roman', serif;" class="">I barge into
                                your discussion without knowing your
                                views on a "plenum field" but if it is
                                an ether I definitely think there is
                                one. A "coefficent of inertia" might be
                                defined as the amount of momentum the
                                ether resists. In a charged or
                                gravitational field this coefficent
                                would increase...I think of this in
                                terms of my Beautiful Universe ether of
                                dielectric nodes, except this may give
                                the wrong idea it is something matter
                                wades in.. not so. Matter and ether are
                                made if the selfsame nodes of energy!<o:p class=""></o:p></div>
                            </div>
                            <div class="">
                              <div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;
                                font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New
                                Roman', serif;" class="">Cheers<o:p class=""></o:p></div>
                            </div>
                            <div class="">
                              <div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;
                                font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New
                                Roman', serif;" class="">Vladimir<br class="">
                                <br class="">
                                _____________________<o:p class=""></o:p></div>
                              <div class="">
                                <div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;
                                  font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times
                                  New Roman', serif;" class=""><a moz-do-not-send="true" href="http://vladimirtamari.com/" style="color: purple;
                                    text-decoration: underline;" class="">vladimirtamari.com</a><o:p class=""></o:p></div>
                              </div>
                            </div>
                            <div class=""><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in
                                0in 12pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family:
                                'Times New Roman', serif;"><br class="">
                                On Jan 21, 2016, at 7:41 AM, Richard
                                Gauthier <<a moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com">richgauthier@gmail.com</a>>


                                wrote:<o:p class=""></o:p></p>
                            </div>
                            <blockquote style="margin-top: 5pt;
                              margin-bottom: 5pt;" class="">
                              <div class="">
                                <div class="">
                                  <div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;
                                    font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times
                                    New Roman', serif;" class="">Hi
                                    Hodge,<o:p class=""></o:p></div>
                                </div>
                                <div class="">
                                  <div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;
                                    font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times
                                    New Roman', serif;" class="">    I
                                    don’t remember asking that. But if I
                                    did, I’m glad the question was
                                    helpful.<o:p class=""></o:p></div>
                                </div>
                                <div class="">
                                  <div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;
                                    font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times
                                    New Roman', serif;" class="">   I’m
                                    thinking about inertia these days.
                                    Do you or others have any insights
                                    about its nature?<o:p class=""></o:p></div>
                                </div>
                                <div class="">
                                  <div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;
                                    font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times
                                    New Roman', serif;" class="">       
                                     Richard<o:p class=""></o:p></div>
                                </div>
                                <div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;
                                  font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times
                                  New Roman', serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></div>
                                <div class="">
                                  <blockquote style="margin-top: 5pt;
                                    margin-bottom: 5pt;" class="">
                                    <div class="">
                                      <div style="margin: 0in 0in
                                        0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
                                        font-family: 'Times New Roman',
                                        serif;" class="">On Jan 20,
                                        2016, at 1:43 PM, Hodge John
                                        <<a moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:jchodge@frontier.com" style="color: purple;
                                          text-decoration: underline;" class="">jchodge@frontier.com</a>>


                                        wrote:<o:p class=""></o:p></div>
                                    </div>
                                    <div style="margin: 0in 0in
                                      0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
                                      font-family: 'Times New Roman',
                                      serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></div>
                                    <div class="">
                                      <div class="">
                                        <div class="">
                                          <div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1453325918779_2533" class="">
                                            <div style="margin: 0in 0in
                                              0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
                                              font-family: 'Times New
                                              Roman', serif;
                                              background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family:
                                                Helvetica, sans-serif;" class="">Richard
                                                Gauthier:<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div>
                                          </div>
                                          <div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1453325918779_2535" class="">
                                            <div style="margin: 0in 0in
                                              0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
                                              font-family: 'Times New
                                              Roman', serif;
                                              background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family:
                                                Helvetica, sans-serif;" class="">You asked if
                                                the galaxy redshift,
                                                Pioneer anomaly,
                                                Pound--Rebka experiment
                                                model had a velocity
                                                term. I looked at
                                                redshift data for 1
                                                galaxy and found no
                                                indication of a velocity
                                                term.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div>
                                          </div>
                                          <div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1453325918779_2537" class="">
                                            <div style="margin: 0in 0in
                                              0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
                                              font-family: 'Times New
                                              Roman', serif;
                                              background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family:
                                                Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></span></div>
                                          </div>
                                          <div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1453325918779_2539" class="">
                                            <div style="margin: 0in 0in
                                              0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
                                              font-family: 'Times New
                                              Roman', serif;
                                              background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family:
                                                Helvetica, sans-serif;" class="">I had not
                                                noticed this in the
                                                equations. Your
                                                suggestion that the
                                                plenum field can look
                                                like the Higgs field
                                                seems valid. That is,
                                                the acceleration of the
                                                plenum field looks like
                                                it adds energy (mass) is
                                                a Higgs Field
                                                characteristic. Thus,
                                                the plenum is closer to
                                                the idea of a quantum
                                                field and Higgs field
                                                (weak force).<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div>
                                          </div>
                                          <div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1453325918779_2541" class="">
                                            <div style="margin: 0in 0in
                                              0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
                                              font-family: 'Times New
                                              Roman', serif;
                                              background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family:
                                                Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></span></div>
                                          </div>
                                          <div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1453325918779_2543" class="">
                                            <div style="margin: 0in 0in
                                              0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
                                              font-family: 'Times New
                                              Roman', serif;
                                              background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family:
                                                Helvetica, sans-serif;" class="">Thanks for the
                                                insight.<o:p class=""></o:p></span></div>
                                          </div>
                                          <div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1453325918779_2545" class="">
                                            <div style="margin: 0in 0in
                                              0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
                                              font-family: 'Times New
                                              Roman', serif;
                                              background-color: white;" class=""><span style="font-family:
                                                Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""> <o:p class=""></o:p></span></div>
                                          </div>
                                          <div id="yui_3_16_0_1_1453325918779_2579" class="">
                                            <div style="margin: 0in 0in
                                              0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
                                              font-family: 'Times New
                                              Roman', serif;
                                              background-color: white;" class="">Hodge<span style="font-family:
                                                Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><o:p class=""></o:p></span></div>
                                          </div>
                                        </div>
                                      </div>
                                      <div style="margin: 0in 0in
                                        0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt;
                                        font-family: 'Times New Roman',
                                        serif;" class="">_______________________________________________<br class="">
                                        If you no longer wish to receive
                                        communication from the Nature of
                                        Light and Particles General
                                        Discussion List at<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><a moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com"></a><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com">richgauthier@gmail.com</a><br class="">
                                        <a href="<a moz-do-not-send="true" href="http://lists.natureoflightandparticles.org/options.cgi/general-natureoflightandparticles.org/richgauthier%40gmail.com?unsub=1&unsubconfirm=1" style="color: purple;
                                          text-decoration: underline;" class=""></a><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://lists.natureoflightandparticles.org/options.cgi/general-natureoflightandparticles.org/richgauthier%40gmail.com?unsub=1&unsubconfirm=1">http://lists.natureoflightandparticles.org/options.cgi/general-natureoflightandparticles.org/richgauthier%40gmail.com?unsub=1&unsubconfirm=1</a>"><br class="">
                                        Click here to unsubscribe<br class="">
                                        </a><o:p class=""></o:p></div>
                                    </div>
                                  </blockquote>
                                </div>
                                <div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;
                                  font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times
                                  New Roman', serif;" class=""><o:p class=""> </o:p></div>
                              </div>
                            </blockquote>
                            <blockquote style="margin-top: 5pt;
                              margin-bottom: 5pt;" class="">
                              <div class="">
                                <div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;
                                  font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times
                                  New Roman', serif;" class="">_______________________________________________<br class="">
                                  If you no longer wish to receive
                                  communication from the Nature of Light
                                  and Particles General Discussion List
                                  at<a moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:vladimirtamari@hotmail.com" style="color: purple;
                                    text-decoration: underline;" class="">vladimirtamari@hotmail.com</a><br class="">
                                  <a href="<a moz-do-not-send="true" href="http://lists.natureoflightandparticles.org/options.cgi/general-natureoflightandparticles.org/vladimirtamari%40hotmail.com?unsub=1&unsubconfirm=1" style="color: purple;
                                    text-decoration: underline;" class="">http://lists.natureoflightandparticles.org/options.cgi/general-natureoflightandparticles.org/vladimirtamari%40hotmail.com?unsub=1&unsubconfirm=1</a>"><br class="">
                                  Click here to unsubscribe<br class="">
                                  </a><o:p class=""></o:p></div>
                              </div>
                            </blockquote>
                          </div>
                          <span id="cid:DFC5E2FD-311C-4B12-8ECB-B23546E6F065@hsd1.ca.comcast.net." class=""><2012.2_JMP_Space as real
                            field.pdf></span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size:
                            12px; font-style: normal; font-variant:
                            normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing:
                            normal; line-height: normal; orphans: auto;
                            text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;
                            text-transform: none; white-space: normal;
                            widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;
                            -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none;
                            display: inline !important;" class="">_______________________________________________</span><br style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size:
                            12px; font-style: normal; font-variant:
                            normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing:
                            normal; line-height: normal; orphans: auto;
                            text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;
                            text-transform: none; white-space: normal;
                            widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;
                            -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class="">
                          <span style="font-family: Helvetica;
                            font-size: 12px; font-style: normal;
                            font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal;
                            letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal;
                            orphans: auto; text-align: start;
                            text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none;
                            white-space: normal; widows: auto;
                            word-spacing: 0px;
                            -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none;
                            display: inline !important;" class="">If you
                            no longer wish to receive communication from
                            the Nature of Light and Particles General
                            Discussion List at<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><a moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com"></a><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com">richgauthier@gmail.com</a><br style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size:
                            12px; font-style: normal; font-variant:
                            normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing:
                            normal; line-height: normal; orphans: auto;
                            text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;
                            text-transform: none; white-space: normal;
                            widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;
                            -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class="">
                          <span style="font-family: Helvetica;
                            font-size: 12px; font-style: normal;
                            font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal;
                            letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal;
                            orphans: auto; text-align: start;
                            text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none;
                            white-space: normal; widows: auto;
                            word-spacing: 0px;
                            -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none;
                            display: inline !important;" class=""><a
                            href="</span><a moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://lists.natureoflightandparticles.org/options.cgi/general-natureoflightandparticles.org/richgauthier%40gmail.com?unsub=1&unsubconfirm=1">http://lists.natureoflightandparticles.org/options.cgi/general-natureoflightandparticles.org/richgauthier%40gmail.com?unsub=1&unsubconfirm=1</a><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size:
                            12px; font-style: normal; font-variant:
                            normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing:
                            normal; line-height: normal; orphans: auto;
                            text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;
                            text-transform: none; white-space: normal;
                            widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;
                            -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none;
                            display: inline !important;" class="">"></span><br style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size:
                            12px; font-style: normal; font-variant:
                            normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing:
                            normal; line-height: normal; orphans: auto;
                            text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;
                            text-transform: none; white-space: normal;
                            widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;
                            -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class="">
                          <span style="font-family: Helvetica;
                            font-size: 12px; font-style: normal;
                            font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal;
                            letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal;
                            orphans: auto; text-align: start;
                            text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none;
                            white-space: normal; widows: auto;
                            word-spacing: 0px;
                            -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none;
                            display: inline !important;" class="">Click
                            here to unsubscribe</span><br style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size:
                            12px; font-style: normal; font-variant:
                            normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing:
                            normal; line-height: normal; orphans: auto;
                            text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;
                            text-transform: none; white-space: normal;
                            widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;
                            -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class="">
                          <span style="font-family: Helvetica;
                            font-size: 12px; font-style: normal;
                            font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal;
                            letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal;
                            orphans: auto; text-align: start;
                            text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none;
                            white-space: normal; widows: auto;
                            word-spacing: 0px;
                            -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none;
                            display: inline !important;" class=""></a></span><br style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size:
                            12px; font-style: normal; font-variant:
                            normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing:
                            normal; line-height: normal; orphans: auto;
                            text-align: start; text-indent: 0px;
                            text-transform: none; white-space: normal;
                            widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px;
                            -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class="">
                        </div>
                      </blockquote>
                    </div>
                    <br class="">
                    <br class="">
                    <fieldset class="mimeAttachmentHeader"></fieldset>
                    <br class="">
                    <pre class="" wrap="">_______________________________________________
If you no longer wish to receive communication from the Nature of Light and Particles General Discussion List at <a moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:phys@a-giese.de">phys@a-giese.de</a>
<a href=<a moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="http://lists.natureoflightandparticles.org/options.cgi/general-natureoflightandparticles.org/phys%40a-giese.de?unsub=1&unsubconfirm=1">"http://lists.natureoflightandparticles.org/options.cgi/general-natureoflightandparticles.org/phys%40a-giese.de?unsub=1&unsubconfirm=1"</a>>
Click here to unsubscribe
</a>
</pre>
                  </blockquote>
                  <br class="">
                  <table style="border-top: 1px solid #aaabb6;
                    margin-top: 30px;" class="">
                    <tbody class="">
                      <tr class="">
                        <td style="width: 105px; padding-top: 15px;" class=""> <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="https://www.avast.com/sig-email?utm_medium=email&utm_source=link&utm_campaign=sig-email&utm_content=emailclient" target="_blank" class=""><img moz-do-not-send="true" src="https://ipmcdn.avast.com/images/logo-avast-v1.png" style="width: 90px; height:33px;" class=""></a>
                        </td>
                        <td style="width: 470px; padding-top: 20px;
                          color: #41424e; font-size: 13px; font-family:
                          Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height:
                          18px;" class="">Diese E-Mail wurde von einem
                          virenfreien Computer gesendet, der von Avast
                          geschützt wird. <br class="">
                          <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="https://www.avast.com/sig-email?utm_medium=email&utm_source=link&utm_campaign=sig-email&utm_content=emailclient" target="_blank" style="color: #4453ea;" class="">www.avast.com</a> </td>
                      </tr>
                    </tbody>
                  </table>
                </div>
              </div>
            </blockquote>
          </div>
          <br class="">
        </div>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    <br class="">
  
<table style="border-top: 1px solid #aaabb6; margin-top: 30px;" class="">
        <tbody class=""><tr class="">
                <td style="width: 105px; padding-top: 15px;" class="">
                        <a href="https://www.avast.com/sig-email?utm_medium=email&utm_source=link&utm_campaign=sig-email&utm_content=emailclient" target="_blank" class=""><img src="https://ipmcdn.avast.com/images/logo-avast-v1.png" style="width: 90px; height:33px;" class=""></a>
                </td>
                <td style="width: 470px; padding-top: 20px; color: #41424e; font-size: 13px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;" class="">Diese E-Mail wurde von einem virenfreien Computer gesendet, der von Avast geschützt wird. <br class=""><a href="https://www.avast.com/sig-email?utm_medium=email&utm_source=link&utm_campaign=sig-email&utm_content=emailclient" target="_blank" style="color: #4453ea;" class="">www.avast.com</a>              </td>
        </tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>

</div></blockquote></div><br class=""></body></html>