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<div class="moz-cite-prefix">Hello Richard,<br>
<br>
thank you for your mail. I still have questions to your
explanations:<br>
<br>
To para 1):<br>
According to you explanations the circular motion is mainly
achieved by the fact that the particles are "curling up". Which
physical law do you have in mind that causes them to curl up? What
are the quantitative consequences? - You say that there is a
"configurational" force which controls the internal motion of an
electron and a positron. You assume that this may come from the
Higgs field. I think that this is highly speculative as
astronomers deny the existence of a Higgs field which is strong
enough to be an explanation for noticeable forces in elementary
particles.<br>
<br>
To para 2):<br>
The momentum of a photon is h<span
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--> </style>y/c, true. But what is the physical mechanism causing this
momentum? Still not answered. <br>
I believe that my mass mechanism is applicable to the photon. The
photon has an extension, so it has inertia by the standard
mechanism for extended objects. And in addition I think that the
photon may be composed by the same sub-particles ("basic
particles") like leptons and quarks. The question still open for
me is, why the photon moves steadily with c. An explanation may be
that it moves always into a certain direction with respect to its
internal set up. On the other hand, the fact that the rest mass of
the photon is zero is nothing more than a mathematical result. Was
never measured. <br>
<br>
Albrecht <br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
Am Sat, 30 Apr 2016 um 17:22:00 schrieb Richard Gauthier:<br>
</div>
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<div class="">Hello Albrecht,</div>
<div class=""> Thank you for your two thoughtful questions.</div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class="">To try to answer them:</div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class="">1) I think it is an incorrect assumption that only
a second electric charge or a corresponding permanent field
can cause a spin-1/2 charged photon to move in a circular or
helical configuration. Have you considered other possible
explanations? One I have considered, in the context of e-p
production, is that two uncharged spin-1/2 photons of are
formed in the process of electron-positron pair production
from a spin-1 photon of sufficient energy (greater than 1.022
MeV). At first the two uncharged spin-1/2 photons both move
forward together in a kind of unstable equilibrium. One has a
negative charge potentiality and the other has a positive
charge potentiality, yet both are still neutral. These two
uncharged spin-1/2 photons can either then unite with each
other to form a spin-1 photon, or they can separate in the
presence of a nearby charged nucleus and each curl up, gaining
negative and positive charge respectively, as well as rest
mass Eo/c^2, and slowing down (as they become an electron and
positron) to less than light-speed as they curl up.
(Internally these spin-1/2 charged photons maintain
light-speed c in their forward direction, but their curled-up
configurations as a electron and a positron have v < c .)
Once they are both fully curled up to form a fully charged
electron and positron, they continue to move apart. Now they
each have a stable internal equilibrium (because of
conservation of electric charge) and they cannot individually
unroll (except perhaps virtually) to become an uncharged
spin-1/2 photon, and so they remain a stable electron and a
stable positron. Their own charged curled-up stable
equilibrium maintains them in their curled-up configurations,
supplying the necessary configurational force that maintains
their circulating motion to form an electron or a positron.
This configurational force that maintains each of them curled
up would be a non-electrical force. Perhaps this
configurational force that maintains the electron and the
positron curled up with rest mass and moving at less than
light-speed c, comes from the Higgs field.</div>
<div class=""> When an electron and positron meet, they may
first form a positronium atom. Then they both uncurl and unite
to form an unstable neutral particle which decays immediately
into two or three spin-1 photons, in the process of
electron-positron annihilation.</div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class="">2) Why does the spin-1/2 charged photon have
momentum? you ask. It is because it is a photon with momentum
hv/c . My model of the spin-1/2 charged photon is similar to
my internally transluminal model of an uncharged photon,
except that the spin-1/2 charged photon makes two helical
loops instead of one per photon wavelength, and the spin-1/2
charged photon model's helical radius is 1/2 that of the
helical radius of a spin-1 photon model , being R=lambda/4pi
instead of lambda/2 pi. The uncurled transluminal spin-1/2
uncharged photon model curls up nicely into a curled-up
double-looping spin-1/2 charged photon model of an electron.
You can read about my superluminal uncharged photon model at <a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.academia.edu/4429810/Transluminal_Energy_Quantum_Models_of_the_Photon_and_the_Electron"
class=""><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.academia.edu/4429810/Transluminal_Energy_Quantum_Models_of_the_Photon_and_the_Electron">https://www.academia.edu/4429810/Transluminal_Energy_Quantum_Models_of_the_Photon_and_the_Electron</a></a> or
I can e-mail you a copy. I have only talked about my current
model of the superluminal spin-1/2 charged photon on the
“Nature of Light and Particles” e-list during the past year.</div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class="">I hope these possible explanations of the spin-1/2
charged-photon model are helpful. I don’t think that you have
a photon model yet that is consistent with your two-particle
electron model, in terms of e-p production and e-p
annihilation.</div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
<div class="">The figure below, which I included in this e-list
some months ago, shows a curled-up spin 1/2 charged photon
forming a resting electron (top graphic) and at different
increasing relativistic speeds (lower graphics). The green
line is the double-looping helical trajectory of the
circulating charged photon forming the electron, while the red
line is the trajectory of the superluminal energy quantum of
the spin-1/2 photon model. The superluminal energy quantum in
the resting electron moves on the surface of a mathematical
horn torus. As the speed v of the electron model increases,
the radius of the green helical trajectory decreases as
1/gamma^2 , while the radius of the red trajectory of the
superluminal quantum decreases as 1/gamma. </div>
<div class=""><br class="">
</div>
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