<html>
  <head>
    <meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type">
  </head>
  <body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000">
    <p>Hi Chip,</p>
    <p>what is a wave? A wave is a field which fluctuates in a somewhat
      regular way. And what is a field? A field is a human abstraction
      to describe the influence of a charge. <br>
    </p>
    <p>Of course a wave can have a positive and a negative region. That
      is the case if the wave is caused by positive and negative
      charges. So, if a photon can be identified with a wave, there must
      be charges of both sign in a photon. - Any other understanding of
      a field or of a wave is in my view a typical mystification as we
      know it from QM. Why refer to such mystifications if they are not
      necessary? I have understood that the goal of all of us (who are
      looking for particle models) is to make the picture as simple as
      possible. And that should mean: No mystifications, so no fields
      without a cause, no waves without a cause. Isn't that simple?</p>
    <p>Albrecht<br>
    </p>
    <br>
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">Am 04.06.2016 um 16:52 schrieb Chip
      Akins:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote cite="mid:007501d1be70$bf4acce0$3de066a0$@gmail.com"
      type="cite">
      <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
      <meta name="Generator" content="Microsoft Word 15 (filtered
        medium)">
      <!--[if !mso]><style>v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
.shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
</style><![endif]-->
      <style><!--
/* Font Definitions */
@font-face
        {font-family:Helvetica;
        panose-1:2 11 6 4 2 2 2 2 2 4;}
@font-face
        {font-family:"Cambria Math";
        panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;}
@font-face
        {font-family:Calibri;
        panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4;}
@font-face
        {font-family:Roboto;
        panose-1:0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;}
@font-face
        {font-family:STIXGeneral-Italic;
        panose-1:0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;}
@font-face
        {font-family:STIXGeneral-Regular;
        panose-1:0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;}
@font-face
        {font-family:Consolas;
        panose-1:2 11 6 9 2 2 4 3 2 4;}
@font-face
        {font-family:"Helvetica Neue";}
/* Style Definitions */
p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
        {margin:0in;
        margin-bottom:.0001pt;
        font-size:12.0pt;
        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;
        color:black;}
a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
        {mso-style-priority:99;
        color:blue;
        text-decoration:underline;}
a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
        {mso-style-priority:99;
        color:purple;
        text-decoration:underline;}
p
        {mso-style-priority:99;
        mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
        margin-right:0in;
        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
        margin-left:0in;
        font-size:12.0pt;
        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;
        color:black;}
pre
        {mso-style-priority:99;
        mso-style-link:"HTML Preformatted Char";
        margin:0in;
        margin-bottom:.0001pt;
        font-size:10.0pt;
        font-family:"Courier New";
        color:black;}
span.apple-converted-space
        {mso-style-name:apple-converted-space;}
span.ecxyiv2438876326
        {mso-style-name:ecxyiv2438876326;}
span.ecxyiv2438876326mathjaxpreview
        {mso-style-name:ecxyiv2438876326mathjax_preview;}
span.ecxyiv2438876326mathjax
        {mso-style-name:ecxyiv2438876326mathjax;}
span.ecxyiv2438876326math
        {mso-style-name:ecxyiv2438876326math;}
span.ecxyiv2438876326mrow
        {mso-style-name:ecxyiv2438876326mrow;}
span.ecxyiv2438876326mi
        {mso-style-name:ecxyiv2438876326mi;}
span.ecxyiv2438876326mo
        {mso-style-name:ecxyiv2438876326mo;}
span.ecxyiv2438876326texatom
        {mso-style-name:ecxyiv2438876326texatom;}
span.ecxyiv2438876326mn
        {mso-style-name:ecxyiv2438876326mn;}
span.ecxyiv2438876326st
        {mso-style-name:ecxyiv2438876326st;}
span.ecxyiv2438876326apple-converted-space
        {mso-style-name:ecxyiv2438876326apple-converted-space;}
span.HTMLPreformattedChar
        {mso-style-name:"HTML Preformatted Char";
        mso-style-priority:99;
        mso-style-link:"HTML Preformatted";
        font-family:Consolas;
        color:black;}
span.EmailStyle33
        {mso-style-type:personal-reply;
        color:black;}
.MsoChpDefault
        {mso-style-type:export-only;
        font-size:10.0pt;}
@page WordSection1
        {size:8.5in 11.0in;
        margin:1.0in 1.0in 1.0in 1.0in;}
div.WordSection1
        {page:WordSection1;}
--></style><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapedefaults v:ext="edit" spidmax="1026" />
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapelayout v:ext="edit">
<o:idmap v:ext="edit" data="1" />
</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]-->
      <div class="WordSection1">
        <p class="MsoNormal">Hi Albrecht<o:p></o:p></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
        <p>No.  A wave in space could easily have a positive region and
          a negative region and still be one wave. So your statement
          “This is one of the indications that a photon has to be
          composite.” Is not really correct.<o:p></o:p></p>
        <p><o:p> </o:p></p>
        <p>Chip<o:p></o:p></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
        <div>
          <div style="border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1
            1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in">
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:windowtext">From:</span></b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:windowtext">
                General
[<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="mailto:general-bounces+chipakins=gmail.com@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">mailto:general-bounces+chipakins=gmail.com@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a>]
                <b>On Behalf Of </b>Albrecht Giese<br>
                <b>Sent:</b> Saturday, June 04, 2016 9:41 AM<br>
                <b>To:</b> Richard Gauthier
                <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com"><richgauthier@gmail.com></a><br>
                <b>Cc:</b> Nature of Light and Particles - General
                Discussion
                <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"><general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org></a><br>
                <b>Subject:</b> Re: [General] inertia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
          </div>
        </div>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
        <p>Hello Richard,<o:p></o:p></p>
        <p>the experimental evidence that a photon must be a composite
          object happens e.g. in every radio exchange. The photon
          interacts with electric charges, this is only possible if one
          assumes that the photon has electric charge. Now, as it is
          electrically neutral as a whole, there must be a balance of
          positive and negative electric charge(s). Those have to have
          some separation as otherwise they could not react with an
          outside charge. This is one of the indications that a photon
          has to be composite.<o:p></o:p></p>
        <p>The other way to understand the photon is the way of quantum
          mechanics. In the view of QM the photon is merely a quantum of
          energy. Any further understanding of it is - by the view of QM
          - not possible. To treat a photon physically and
          quantitatively requires the use of the QM formalism, however,
          (as usual at QM) without a direct understanding. - This is the
          position of QM which is formally allows for a point-like
          photon. But I think that no one in our group is willing to
          follow QM in this respect. All efforts undertaken here come
          from the desire to have a physical understanding. And this
          includes necessarily (in my view) that the photon is
          composite.<o:p></o:p></p>
        <p style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">Albrecht<br>
          <br>
          <o:p></o:p></p>
        <div>
          <p class="MsoNormal">Am 03.06.2016 um 00:53 schrieb Richard
            Gauthier:<o:p></o:p></p>
        </div>
        <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal">Hello Albrecht,<o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal">   My electron model is built of a
              single circulating spin-1/2 charged photon. It is not
              built “by photons”. I know of no experimental evidence
              that a photon is a composite particle as you claim. Please
              cite any accepted experimental evidence that a photon is a
              composite particle. Thanks.<o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal">       Richard<o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
          <div>
            <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
              <div>
                <p class="MsoNormal">On Jun 2, 2016, at 1:37 PM,
                  Albrecht Giese <<a moz-do-not-send="true"
                    href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de">genmail@a-giese.de</a>>
                  wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
              </div>
              <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"
                    style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">Hello
                    Richard,<o:p></o:p></p>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"
                    style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">Zero
                    evidence for a composite particle? I think that the
                    evidence for a composite particle model is very
                    obvious:<o:p></o:p></p>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"
                    style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">- 
                    The model explains the mass and the momentum of a
                    particle with NO new parameters, from the scratch<br>
                    -  The model explains the magnetic moment of a
                    particle classically with no new parameters<br>
                    -  The model explains the constancy of the spin
                    classically<br>
                    -  The model explains the equation E = h*f
                    classically (was never deduced before)<br>
                    -  The model explains the relativistic increase of
                    mass and the mass-energy relation E=m*c^2
                    independent of Einstein's space-time ideas.<o:p></o:p></p>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"
                    style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">And
                    what is the evidence that the electron is NOT a
                    composite particle? Your electron model is built by
                    photons, where the photon is also a composite
                    particle. So, what?<o:p></o:p></p>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"
                    style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">I
                    do not know any other particle models with this
                    ability. Do you? Such properties are taken as a good
                    evidence in physics. Or why do main stream physics
                    trust in the existence of an up-quark and a
                    down-quark? For both there was no direct evidence in
                    any experiment. The reason to accept their existence
                    is the fact that this assumption makes some other
                    facts understandable. - The model of a composite
                    particle is in no way weaker.<o:p></o:p></p>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"
                    style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">Albrecht<o:p></o:p></p>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"
                    style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><o:p> </o:p></p>
                  <div>
                    <p class="MsoNormal">Am 31.05.2016 um 20:19 schrieb
                      Richard Gauthier:<o:p></o:p></p>
                  </div>
                  <blockquote
                    style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal">Hello Albrecht and all,<o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal">  Since there is zero
                        experimental evidence that the electron is a
                        composite particle, I will no longer comment on
                        Albrecht's electron model, which postulates as a
                        principal feature that the electron is a
                        composite particle, unless new experimental
                        evidence is found that the electron is a
                        composite particle after all.<o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal">  Galileo’s and Newton's “law
                        of inertia" is clearly an expression of
                        conservation of momentum of objects or “bodies”
                        in the absence of an imposed external net force.
                        It revolutionized mechanics because Aristotle
                        had taught otherwise. <o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal">  If a resting electron is a
                        circulating light-speed electrically charged
                        photon with circulating momentum Eo/c, then an
                        external force F on the electron equals the
                        additional rate of change of momentum dp/dt of
                        the circulating charged photon corresponding to
                        that external force: F=dp/dt ,  beyond the
                        constant rate of change of momentum of the
                        circulating charged photon. The ratio of this
                        applied force F (for example due to an applied
                        electric field) to the circulating charged
                        photon’s additional acceleration “a" is called
                        the electron's inertial mass and is defined by
                        F=ma or m=F/a . There is no separate mass-stuff
                        or inertia-stuff to be accelerated in a
                        particle. There is only the circulating momentum
                        Eo/c of the circling speed-of-light particle
                        with rest energy Eo , that is being additionally
                        accelerated by the applied force F.  Since the
                        value m = Eo/c^2 of a resting particle (derived
                        from the rate of change of the circulating
                        momentum Eo/c as compared to its centripetal
                        acceleration) is the same value in different
                        reference frames, it is called the particle’s
                        invariant mass m, but this invariant mass m is
                        still derived from the resting particle’s
                        internally circulating momentum Eo/c .  If the
                        electron is moving relativistically at v < c,
                        it has an additional linear momentum p=gamma mv,
                        which when added vectorially to the transverse
                        circulating momentum Eo/c gives by the
                        Pythagorean theorem a total circulating vector
                        momentum P=gamma Eo/c = gamma mc=E/c  where E is
                        the electron’s total energy E=gamma mc^2.  This
                        is the origin of the electron’s relativistic
                        energy-momentum equation E^2 = p^2 c^2 + m^2 c^4
                         which is just another way to write the
                        Pythagorean momentum vector relationship above:
                         P^2 = p^2 + (Eo/c)^2 .<o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal">  In my understanding, the
                        Higgs field gives a non-zero invariant mass
                        (without being able to predict the magnitude of
                        that mass)  to certain particles according to
                        the relativistic energy-momentum equation,  so
                        that any particle moving at v <  c in a Higgs
                        field has invariant mass m > 0. But the
                        inertia of that invariant mass m is not
                        explained by the action of the Higgs field, in
                        my understanding.<o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal">  To try to theoretically
                        explain why a photon has momentum p = hf/c and
                        energy E=hf is a separate topic beyond trying to
                        explain why a particle has inertial mass, or
                        resistance to acceleration by an applied force.<o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal">     Richard<o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal">  <o:p></o:p></p>
                    </div>
                    <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
                    <div>
                      <blockquote
                        style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal">On May 30, 2016, at 1:04
                            PM, Albrecht Giese <<a
                              moz-do-not-send="true"
                              href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de">genmail@a-giese.de</a></a>>
                            wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
                        </div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
                        <div>
                          <div>
                            <p class="MsoNormal"
                              style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">Hello
                              Richard,<o:p></o:p></p>
                            <p class="MsoNormal"
                              style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto">your
                              new paper has again a lot of nice
                              mathematics. However, it again does not
                              answer the question of inertia. As
                              earlier, you relate the inertial mass of
                              an electron to the mass of the circling
                              photon which builds in your understanding
                              the electron. Then the mass and the
                              momentum of the electron is calculated
                              from the mass and momentum of the photon.
                              <br>
                              <br>
                              Such calculation is of course possible if
                              one follows this picture of an electron.
                              However, it does not answer the question
                              of what the cause of inertia and momentum
                              of the photon is. You take this as an 'a
                              priory' fact. But this is not our present
                              state of understanding. Physics are able
                              to go deeper. <br>
                              <br>
                              You write in your paper: "The fact is that
                              the inertial property of the mass of
                              elementary particles is not understood".
                              How can you write this? Main stream
                              physics have the Higgs model which is
                              assumed to describe the mass of elementary
                              particles. And I have presented a model
                              which uses the fact that any extended
                              object inevitably has inertia. The reason
                              is, as you know, that the fields of the
                              constituents of an extended object
                              propagate with the finite speed of light.
                              If the extension of an elementary particle
                              is taken from its magnetic moment, this
                              model provides very precisely the mass,
                              the momentum, and a lot of other
                              parameters and properties of a particle. <br>
                              <br>
                              If you intend to explain the mass of an
                              electron by the mass of a photon, you
                              should have an appropriate explanation of
                              the mass and other parameters of a photon.
                              Otherwise I do not see any real progress
                              in the considerations of your paper. <br>
                              <br>
                              Albrecht<o:p></o:p></p>
                            <p class="MsoNormal"
                              style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><o:p> </o:p></p>
                            <div>
                              <p class="MsoNormal">Am 30.05.2016 um
                                07:40 schrieb Richard Gauthier:<o:p></o:p></p>
                            </div>
                            <blockquote
                              style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
                              <div>
                                <p class="MsoNormal">Hello Vladimir,<o:p></o:p></p>
                              </div>
                              <div>
                                <p class="MsoNormal">   Thanks. That
                                  could be an explanation. But I’m
                                  hoping I can find a simpler
                                  explanation, if possible.<o:p></o:p></p>
                              </div>
                              <div>
                                <p class="MsoNormal">       Richard<o:p></o:p></p>
                              </div>
                              <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
                              <div>
                                <blockquote
                                  style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
                                  <div>
                                    <p class="MsoNormal">On May 29,
                                      2016, at 7:29 PM, Vladimir Tamari
                                      <<a moz-do-not-send="true"
                                        href="mailto:vladimirtamari@hotmail.com">vladimirtamari@hotmail.com</a>>
                                      wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
                                  </div>
                                  <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
                                  <div>
                                    <div id="ecxyqtfd65703">
                                      <div>
                                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                            style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><br>
                                            Richard, <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                      </div>
                                      <div>
                                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                            style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                      </div>
                                      <div>
                                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                            style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">without
                                            going into the details of
                                            your model, you mentioned:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                      </div>
                                      <div>
                                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                            style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                      </div>
                                      <div>
                                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                            style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#AC193D">"It
                                            may be that vector momentum
                                            is just not conserved within
                                            fundamental particles even
                                            though it is conserved
                                            between two or more
                                            particles in their mutual
                                            interactions"</span><span
                                            style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                      </div>
                                      <div>
                                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                            style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#444444"><br>
                                            <br>
                                          </span><span
                                            style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                      </div>
                                      <div>
                                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                            style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#444444">In
                                            cellular-automata schemes,
                                            such as my<span
                                              class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a
                                              moz-do-not-send="true"
                                              href="http://vladimirtamari.com/beautiful_univ_rev_oct_2011.pdf">Beautiful
                                              Universe</a>,  a particle
                                            is made up of a pattern of
                                            spinning nodes in a matrix.
                                            The same type of spinning
                                            nodes also form the<span
                                              class="apple-converted-space"> </span>surrounding
                                            magnetic, gravitational or
                                            electrostatic field etc.
                                             Any changes in the angular
                                            momentum or the axis of spin
                                            of the constituent nodes of
                                            a particle (or photon wave)
                                            is transmitted as a domino
                                            effect adjusting the angular
                                            momentum of surrounding
                                            nodes both internally and
                                            externally. The domino
                                            effect is diffused unto
                                            infinity in inverse-square
                                            fashion. Nothing is hidden
                                            or lost or subject to
                                            uncertainty, and energy is
                                            always conserved. </span><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                      </div>
                                      <div>
                                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                            style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                      </div>
                                      <div>
                                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                            style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#444444">In
                                            your case by taking the
                                            photon and electron in
                                            isolation conservation
                                            issues seem to be
                                            arising? Hope this helps.</span><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                      </div>
                                      <div>
                                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                            style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#444444">Best
                                            wishes</span><span
                                            style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                      </div>
                                      <div>
                                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                            style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#444444">Vladimir</span><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                      </div>
                                      <div>
                                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                            style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                      </div>
                                      <div>
                                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                            style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                        <div>
                                          <div class="MsoNormal"
                                            style="text-align:center"
                                            align="center"><span
                                              style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">
                                              <hr id="stopSpelling"
                                                align="center" size="2"
                                                width="100%"></span></div>
                                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                                            style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">From: <a
                                                moz-do-not-send="true"
                                                href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com">richgauthier@gmail.com</a></a><br>
                                              Date: Sat, 28 May 2016
                                              17:31:33 -0700<br>
                                              To: <a
                                                moz-do-not-send="true"
                                                href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a></a><br>
                                              CC: <a
                                                moz-do-not-send="true"
                                                href="mailto:jsarfatti@aol.com"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:jsarfatti@aol.com">jsarfatti@aol.com</a></a><br>
                                              Subject: Re: [General]
                                              inertia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                          <div>
                                            <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                                style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Hello
                                                all,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                          </div>
                                          <div>
                                            <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                                style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">  I’ve
                                                been thinking about the
                                                unexplained 0.424
                                                Newtons force acting on
                                                a circulating
                                                double-looped charged
                                                photon to keep it in its
                                                trajectory. Any
                                                double-looping-photon
                                                electron model should
                                                have this force acting
                                                on the circling photon,
                                                such John and Martin’s
                                                model and Chip’s model.
                                                 The force doesn’t have
                                                an obvious source. It
                                                continuously changes the
                                                direction of the
                                                circling momentum
                                                without changing the
                                                resting energy of the
                                                photon. It may be that
                                                vector momentum is just
                                                not conserved within
                                                fundamental particles
                                                even though it is
                                                conserved between two or
                                                more particles in their
                                                mutual interactions. I
                                                believe that the Dirac
                                                equation solution for a
                                                free electron hints at
                                                this internal
                                                non-conservation of
                                                momentum  also during
                                                zitterbewegung motion of
                                                the free electron whose
                                                average velocity is v
                                                but whose eigenvalue for
                                                speed is c. The
                                                position-momentum
                                                relations for the
                                                double-looped photon
                                                model of the electron,
                                                as I recall, are below
                                                or just at the  the
                                                exact uncertainty
                                                expression of the
                                                Heisenberg uncertainty
                                                principle: delta x
                                                 times delta p > 1/2
                                                  hbar , for position
                                                and momentum of an
                                                object in a particular
                                                coordinate direction. So
                                                it might not be possible
                                                to experimentally
                                                determine if linear
                                                momentum is conserved or
                                                not within a particle.
                                                The indirect evidence
                                                that there is such
                                                circulating momentum in
                                                a particle is the
                                                inertial mass m=Eo/c^2
                                                of the particle as it is
                                                derived from the
                                                photon’s circulating
                                                momentum p=Eo/c . If
                                                there is circling
                                                momentum for a single
                                                particle, then momentum
                                                conservation within the
                                                particle IS being
                                                violated. An analogy:
                                                just as an electron has
                                                spin but it not
                                                experimentally known
                                                what inside it is
                                                “spinning", an electron
                                                has inertial mass but it
                                                is not known what inside
                                                the particle is
                                                “massing”. But but the
                                                spin and the inertial
                                                mass are known
                                                experimentally. A
                                                double-looping photon
                                                model explains both what
                                                is “spinning" and what
                                                is “massing" in an
                                                electron.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                          </div>
                                          <div>
                                            <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                                style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> 
                                                   Richard<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                          </div>
                                          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                              style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                          <div>
                                            <blockquote
                                              style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
                                              <div>
                                                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">On May 27, 2016, at
                                                    11:50 AM, Richard
                                                    Gauthier <<a
                                                      moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com">richgauthier@gmail.com</a></a>>
                                                    wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                              </div>
                                              <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                              <div>
                                                <div>
                                                  <div>
                                                    <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Hello all,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                  </div>
                                                  <div>
                                                    <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Jack Sarfatti, a
                                                        well-known
                                                        physicist, wrote
                                                        back to me about
                                                        my article
                                                        saying that no
                                                        one cares about
                                                        this work, that
                                                        it is just
                                                        re-inventing the
                                                        wheel and that
                                                        it is not a good
                                                        problem to work
                                                        on. Comments?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                  </div>
                                                  <div>
                                                    <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">     Richard<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                  </div>
                                                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                  <div>
                                                    <blockquote
                                                      style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
                                                      <div>
                                                        <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">On May 26, 2016, at
                                                          8:25 PM,
                                                          Richard
                                                          Gauthier <<a
moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com">richgauthier@gmail.com</a></a>>
                                                          wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                      </div>
                                                      <p
                                                        class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                      <div>
                                                        <div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Dear John W, Martin,
                                                          Chandra,
                                                          Alexander,
                                                          Chip, Andrew,
                                                          Vivian,
                                                          Albrecht, John
                                                          M, David and
                                                          all,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                        </div>
                                                        <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><A New Derivation
                                                          of E=mc^2
                                                          explains a
                                                          particle's
                                                          inertia.pdf>
                                                          <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                        <div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Here’s my latest
                                                          input to the
                                                          inertia/particles
                                                          discussion: my
                                                          proposed new
                                                          derivation of
                                                          Eo=mc^2 and
                                                          the inertial
                                                          mass of a
                                                          particle from
                                                          the momentum
                                                          of a circling
                                                          photon.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">     Richard<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <blockquote
                                                          style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">On May 17, 2016, at
                                                          6:47 PM,
                                                          Richard
                                                          Gauthier <<a
moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com">richgauthier@gmail.com</a></a>>
                                                          wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">David <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">  These newly
                                                          discovered
                                                          photons seem
                                                          very similar
                                                          to
                                                          helically-moving
                                                          spin-1/2
                                                          charged
                                                          photons,
                                                          except for
                                                          their lack of
                                                          electric
                                                          charge.
                                                          Perhaps these
                                                          new spin-1/2
                                                          photons become
                                                          spin-1/2
                                                          charged
                                                          photons when
                                                          they curl up
                                                          in pairs of
                                                          photons with
                                                          opposite
                                                          charge, as in
                                                          e-p pair
                                                          production : "</span><span
style="font-family:"Roboto",serif;background:white">Researchers
                                                          made their
                                                          discovery
                                                          after passing
                                                          light through
                                                          special
                                                          crystals to
                                                          create a light
                                                          beam with a
                                                          hollow,
                                                          screw-like
                                                          structure.
                                                          Using quantum
                                                          mechanics, the
                                                          physicists
                                                          theorized that
                                                          the beam's
                                                          twisting
                                                          photons were
                                                          being slowed
                                                          to a
                                                          half-integer
                                                          of Planck's
                                                          constant.</span><span
style="font-family:"Roboto",serif;color:#333333">”</span><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Roboto",serif;color:#333333">      Richard</span><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Roboto",serif;color:#333333"><br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          </span><span
                                                          style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <blockquote
                                                          style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">On May 17, 2016, at
                                                          1:56 PM, <<a
moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:davidmathes8@yahoo.com"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:davidmathes8@yahoo.com">davidmathes8@yahoo.com</a></a>>
                                                          <<a
                                                          moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:davidmathes8@yahoo.com"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:davidmathes8@yahoo.com">davidmathes8@yahoo.com</a></a>>
                                                          wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <div
                                                          id="ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5808">
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue"">Richard<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div
                                                          id="ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5808">
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div
                                                          id="ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5808">
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue"">If pbotons weren't
                                                          confusing
                                                          enough...just
                                                          as Williams
                                                          proposed a
                                                          quantum number
                                                          for energy,
                                                          these
                                                          researchers
                                                          are proposing
                                                          a quantum
                                                          number for
                                                          angular
                                                          momentum.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div
                                                          id="ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5808">
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div
                                                          id="ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_6237">
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue"">The article<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div
                                                          id="ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_6239">
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.upi.com/Science_News/2016/05/17/Scientists-discover-new-form-of-light/9061463490086/"
target="_blank">Scientists discover new form of light</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div
                                                          id="ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_6242">
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div
                                                          id="ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5808">
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Roboto",serif">"The newly discovered form
                                                          of light,
                                                          however,
                                                          features
                                                          photons with
                                                          an angular
                                                          momentum of
                                                          just half the
                                                          value of
                                                          Planck's
                                                          constant. The
                                                          difference
                                                          sounds small,
                                                          but
                                                          researchers
                                                          say the
                                                          significance
                                                          of the
                                                          discovery is
                                                          great.'</span><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div
                                                          id="ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5808">
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div
                                                          id="ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5808">
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue"">The paper<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div
                                                          id="ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5825">
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://advances.sciencemag.org/content/2/4/e1501748.full"
                                                          target="_blank">There
                                                          are many ways
                                                          to spin a
                                                          photon:
                                                          Half-quantization
                                                          of a total
                                                          optical
                                                          angular
                                                          momentum |
                                                          Science
                                                          Advances</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div
                                                          id="ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5946">
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div
                                                          id="ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5807">
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue"">Best<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div
                                                          id="ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5807">
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div
                                                          id="ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5807">
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue"">David<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div
                                                          id="ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5807">
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <blockquote
                                                          style="border:none;border-left:solid
                                                          windowtext
                                                          1.5pt;padding:0in
                                                          0in 0in
                                                          4.0pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
                                                          <div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <div
                                                          id="ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5862">
                                                          <div
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="text-align:center" align="center"><span
                                                          style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">
                                                          <hr
                                                          align="center"
                                                          size="1"
                                                          width="100%"></span></div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span
class="apple-converted-space"><span
                                                          style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"> </span></span><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Richard
                                                          Gauthier <<a
moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com">richgauthier@gmail.com</a></a>><br>
                                                          <b>To:</b><span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Nature of Light and Particles -
                                                          General
                                                          Discussion
                                                          <<a
                                                          moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a></a>><span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span><br>
                                                          <b>Cc:</b><span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Alexander Burinskii <<a
                                                          moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:bur@ibrae.ac.ru"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:bur@ibrae.ac.ru">bur@ibrae.ac.ru</a></a>><br>
                                                          <b>Sent:</b><span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Saturday, May 14, 2016 12:30 AM<br>
                                                          <b
                                                          id="ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_6278">Subject:</b><span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Re: [General] inertia</span><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          <div
                                                          id="ecxyiv2438876326">
                                                          <div
                                                          id="ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5855">
                                                          <div
                                                          id="ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5861">
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue"">Hello Chandra and all,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div
                                                          id="ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5854">
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue"">   This is very good
                                                          news. I’ve
                                                          been reading
                                                          several of
                                                          Alexander
                                                          Burinskii’s
                                                          recent (2015
                                                          and 2016)
                                                          published
                                                          papers on his
                                                          Kerr-Newman
                                                          bag model of
                                                          the electron
                                                          (2 pdf’s
                                                          attached). His
                                                          approach
                                                          integrates
                                                          black-hole
                                                          gravitational
                                                          theory, Higgs
                                                          theory and
                                                          electromagnetism
                                                          to produce a
                                                          internally-light-speed
                                                          model of the
                                                          electron with
                                                          radius
                                                          hbar/2mc like
                                                          John W and
                                                          Martin’s,
                                                          Chip’s,
                                                          Vivian’s and
                                                          my
                                                          double-looping-photon
                                                          electron
                                                          models.
                                                          Alexander's
                                                          electron model
                                                          is
                                                          energetically
                                                          stable,
                                                          contains a
                                                          circulating
                                                          light-speed
                                                          singularity (a
                                                          photon?) in
                                                          addition to an
electromagnetic wave circling along its outer rim along a circular
                                                          gravitational
                                                          string, has
                                                          g=2 (Dirac
                                                          magnetic
                                                          moment of
                                                          magnitude 1
                                                          Bohr
                                                          magneton), is
                                                          a fermion and
                                                          carries the
                                                          electron’s
                                                          charge. I
                                                          think
                                                          Alexander’s
                                                          electron model
                                                          has much to
                                                          offer, coming
                                                          from a
                                                          different
                                                          perspective
                                                          than much of
                                                          our group’s
                                                          electron
                                                          modeling. I
                                                          request
                                                          Alexander to
                                                          give us a
                                                          summary of the
                                                          key features
                                                          (and perhaps a
                                                          brief history)
                                                          of his
                                                          electron
                                                          model,
                                                          emphasizing
                                                          the nature of
                                                          its stability
                                                          (an important
                                                          issue in
                                                          circling-photon
                                                          electron
                                                          models.) I
                                                          hope that this
                                                          will stimulate
                                                          a critical
                                                          discussion of
                                                          his approach
                                                          in comparison
                                                          with our
                                                          various
                                                          approaches to
                                                          electron
                                                          modeling,
                                                          which could
                                                          lead to better
light-speed-based electron models coming up to the next SPIE “What are
                                                          photons”
                                                          conference in
                                                          San Diego in
                                                          August 2017.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div
                                                          id="ecxyiv2438876326yqtfd01392">
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue"">     Richard  <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Helvetica
                                                          Neue""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <blockquote
                                                          style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue"">On May 12, 2016, at 6:12
                                                          PM,
                                                          Roychoudhuri,
                                                          Chandra <<a
moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:chandra.roychoudhuri@uconn.edu"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:chandra.roychoudhuri@uconn.edu">chandra.roychoudhuri@uconn.edu</a></a>>
                                                          wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </blockquote>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue"">I will request Burinskii
                                                          to participate
                                                          in our next
                                                          conference. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue"">Chandra. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div
                                                          id="ecxyiv2438876326composer_signature">
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica
                                                          Neue";color:#575757">Sent
                                                          via the
                                                          Samsung Galaxy
                                                          S® 5 ACTIVE™,
                                                          an AT&T 4G
                                                          LTE smartphone<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Helvetica
                                                          Neue""><br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          --------
                                                          Original
                                                          message
                                                          --------<br>
                                                          From: Richard
                                                          Gauthier <<a
moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com">richgauthier@gmail.com</a></a>><span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span><br>
                                                          Date:
                                                          5/12/2016 2:09
                                                          AM (GMT-05:00)<span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span><br>
                                                          To: Nature of
                                                          Light and
                                                          Particles -
                                                          General
                                                          Discussion
                                                          <<a
                                                          moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a></a>><span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span><br>
                                                          Cc: Alexander
                                                          Burinskii <<a
moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:bur@ibrae.ac.ru"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:bur@ibrae.ac.ru">bur@ibrae.ac.ru</a></a>><span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span><br>
                                                          Subject: Re:
                                                          [General]
                                                          inertia<span
                                                          class="apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue"">Dear John W, Martin,
                                                          Chandra,
                                                          Vivian,
                                                          Andrew, John
                                                          M, Chip,
                                                          Albrecht,
                                                          Hodge and
                                                          others,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue"">   I am in contact with
                                                          the Russian
                                                          physicist and
                                                          academician
                                                          Alexander
                                                          Burinskii
                                                          (arXiv page of
                                                          his articles
                                                          at<a
                                                          moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://arxiv.org/find/all/1/all:+AND+Alexander+Burinskii/0/1/0/all/0/1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://arxiv.org/find/all/1/all:+AND+Alexander+Burinskii/0/1/0/all/0/1">http://arxiv.org/find/all/1/all:+AND+Alexander+Burinskii/0/1/0/all/0/1</a></a> ,
                                                          biography at<a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.scirp.org/journal/DetailedInforOfEditorialBoard.aspx?personID=10183"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.scirp.org/journal/DetailedInforOfEditorialBoard.aspx?personID=10183">http://www.scirp.org/journal/DetailedInforOfEditorialBoard.aspx?personID=10183</a></a> ),
                                                          who has
                                                          written a very
                                                          interesting
                                                          article on
                                                          arXiv:
                                                          “Gravity vs.
                                                          quantum
                                                          theory: Is the
                                                          electron
                                                          really
                                                          pointlike?”
                                                          at <a
                                                          moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1112.0225"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1112.0225">http://arxiv.org/abs/1112.0225</a></a> .
                                                          He draws on
                                                          the
                                                          interesting
                                                          resemblance of
                                                          Kerr-Newman
                                                          gravity
                                                          formulations
                                                          to the
                                                          properties of
                                                          the Dirac
                                                          electron as a
                                                          light-speed
                                                          particle that
                                                          can only be
                                                          measured at
                                                          sub-light
                                                          speeds. Here’s
                                                          part of the
                                                          abstract:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
class="ecxyiv2438876326"><span
                                                          style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">"Contrary
                                                          to the
                                                          widespread
                                                          opinion that
                                                          gravity plays
                                                          essential role
                                                          only on the
                                                          Planck scales,
                                                          the
                                                          Kerr-Newman
                                                          gravity
                                                          displays a new
                                                          dimensional
                                                          parameter </span></span><span
class="ecxyiv2438876326mi"><span
style="font-size:13.0pt;font-family:"STIXGeneral-Italic",serif;border:none
                                                          windowtext
                                                          1.0pt;padding:0in">a</span></span><span
class="ecxyiv2438876326mo"><span
style="font-size:13.0pt;font-family:"STIXGeneral-Regular",serif;border:none
                                                          windowtext
                                                          1.0pt;padding:0in">=</span></span><span
class="ecxyiv2438876326mi"><span
                                                          style="font-size:13.0pt;font-family:"Cambria
Math",serif;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">ℏ</span></span><span
class="ecxyiv2438876326mo"><span
style="font-size:13.0pt;font-family:"STIXGeneral-Regular",serif;border:none
                                                          windowtext
                                                          1.0pt;padding:0in">/(</span></span><span
class="ecxyiv2438876326mn"><span
style="font-size:13.0pt;font-family:"STIXGeneral-Regular",serif;border:none
                                                          windowtext
                                                          1.0pt;padding:0in">2</span></span><span
class="ecxyiv2438876326mi"><span
style="font-size:13.0pt;font-family:"STIXGeneral-Italic",serif;border:none
                                                          windowtext
                                                          1.0pt;padding:0in">m</span></span><span
class="ecxyiv2438876326mo"><span
style="font-size:13.0pt;font-family:"STIXGeneral-Regular",serif;border:none
                                                          windowtext
                                                          1.0pt;padding:0in">),</span></span><span
class="ecxyiv2438876326"><span
                                                          style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"> which
                                                          for parameters
                                                          of an electron
                                                          corresponds to
                                                          the Compton
                                                          wavelength and
                                                          turns out to
                                                          be very far
                                                          from the
                                                          Planck scale.
                                                          Extremely
                                                          large spin of
                                                          the electron
                                                          with respect
                                                          to its mass
                                                          produces the
                                                          Kerr geometry
                                                          without
                                                          horizon, which
                                                          displays very
                                                          essential
                                                          topological
                                                          changes at the
                                                          Compton
                                                          distance
                                                          resulting in a
                                                          two-fold
                                                          structure of
                                                          the electron
                                                          background.
                                                          The
                                                          corresponding
                                                          gravitational
                                                          and
                                                          electromagnetic
                                                          fields of the
                                                          electron are
                                                          concentrated
                                                          near the Kerr
                                                          ring, forming
                                                          a sort of a
                                                          closed string,
                                                          structure of
                                                          which is close
                                                          to the
                                                          described by
                                                          Sen heterotic
                                                          string. The
                                                          indicated by
                                                          Gravity
                                                          stringlike
                                                          structure of
                                                          the electron
                                                          contradicts to
                                                          the statements
                                                          of Quantum
                                                          theory that
                                                          electron is
                                                          pointlike and
                                                          structureless.
                                                          However, it
                                                          confirms the
                                                          peculiar role
                                                          of the Compton
                                                          zone of the
                                                          "dressed"
                                                          electron and
                                                          matches with
                                                          the known
                                                          limit of the
                                                          localization
                                                          of the Dirac
                                                          electron." </span></span><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          </span><span
                                                          style="font-family:"Helvetica
                                                          Neue""><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue"">   I think that there
                                                          some potential
                                                          for Alexander
                                                          Burinskii's
                                                          Kerr-Newman
                                                          gravity
                                                          approach to
                                                          the electron
                                                          and the
                                                          various
                                                          double-looping
                                                          photon models
                                                          of the
                                                          electron to
                                                          find some
                                                          common ground
                                                          which may
                                                          benefit both
                                                          approaches to
                                                          modeling the
                                                          electron. In
                                                          particular the
                                                          centripetal
                                                          force of 0.424
                                                          N causing a
                                                          photon of
                                                          energy 0.511
                                                          MeV to move in
                                                          a closed
                                                          double-looping
                                                          trajectory of
                                                          radius
                                                          Ro=hbar/2mc in
                                                          a resting
                                                          electron model
                                                          could be
                                                          related to the
                                                          gravitational
                                                          and
                                                          electromagnetic
                                                          fields and
                                                          gravity
                                                          stringlike
                                                          structure of
                                                          the
                                                          Kerr-Newman
                                                          electron
                                                          model. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue"">    Richard<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <blockquote
                                                          style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue"">On May 9, 2016, at 4:37
                                                          AM, Albrecht
                                                          Giese <<a
                                                          moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de">genmail@a-giese.de</a></a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue"">Hello Richard,<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          it is true
                                                          that we do not
                                                          know
                                                          everything in
                                                          physics
                                                          (otherwise
                                                          there would be
                                                          no reason for
                                                          further
                                                          research).
                                                          However, many
                                                          facts and
                                                          rules are
                                                          understood,
                                                          and I do not
                                                          see a good
                                                          reason to go
                                                          behind this
                                                          knowledge.<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          From my
                                                          2-particle
                                                          model it
                                                          follows for
                                                          leptons and
                                                          for quarks
                                                          that there is
                                                          E = h*ny. The
                                                          frequency is
                                                          the
                                                          circulation,
                                                          the energy
                                                          follows from
                                                          the mass which
                                                          the model
                                                          yields, when
                                                          using E =
                                                          m*c^2. This
                                                          latter
                                                          relation also
                                                          follows from
                                                          this model. (I
                                                          have presented
                                                          all this in
                                                          San Diego; it
                                                          was also
                                                          discussed here
                                                          earlier as I
                                                          remember; and
                                                          it is on my
                                                          web site "The
                                                          Origin of
                                                          Mass". Of
                                                          course I can
                                                          explain it
                                                          here again if
                                                          there is a
                                                          demand.)<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          As these
                                                          relations
                                                          obviously also
                                                          apply to the
                                                          photon, it
                                                          seems very
                                                          plausible that
                                                          the photon has
                                                          a similar
                                                          structure like
                                                          a lepton and a
                                                          quark. The
                                                          rules apply if
                                                          c is inserted
                                                          for the speed.
                                                          This also
                                                          leads to
                                                          p=h*ny/c.<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          And which
                                                          further
                                                          details do we
                                                          know about the
                                                          photon? It
                                                          must have an
                                                          extension as
                                                          it has a spin
                                                          which is
                                                          physically not
                                                          possible
                                                          without an
                                                          extension. And
                                                          it must have
                                                          charges as it
                                                          reacts with an
                                                          electric field
                                                          which is
                                                          otherwise not
                                                          explainable.
                                                          There must be
                                                          at least two
                                                          charges, a
                                                          positive and a
                                                          negative one,
                                                          as the photon
                                                          as a whole is
                                                          neutral. The
                                                          spin is twice
                                                          the one of a
                                                          lepton or a
                                                          quark, this
                                                          may be an
                                                          indication
                                                          that the
                                                          photon is
                                                          built by 4
                                                          sub-particles
                                                          rather than 2
                                                          of the kind
                                                          which I have
                                                          described.<span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span><br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          So, if the
                                                          photon has
                                                          positive and
                                                          negative
                                                          charges, which
                                                          means that it
                                                          has
                                                          sub-particles
                                                          with positive
                                                          and negative
                                                          charges, it is
                                                          quite
                                                          plausible that
                                                          the photon can
                                                          decompose into
                                                          a positive and
                                                          a negative
                                                          elementary
                                                          particle, so
                                                          into a
                                                          positron and
                                                          an electron.<span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span><br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          (You may call
                                                          this
                                                          speculative.
                                                          But it has
                                                          some strongly
                                                          plausible
                                                          aspects which
                                                          I am missing
                                                          in the other
                                                          models
                                                          presented
                                                          here.)<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          The curling-up
                                                          which you have
                                                          mentioned has
                                                          an orbital
                                                          component. To
                                                          move on an
                                                          orbit needs
                                                          some physical
                                                          conditions.
                                                          E.g. an
                                                          influence
                                                          which causes
                                                          the
                                                          acceleration
                                                          to its center.
                                                          This should be
                                                          physically
                                                          explained.<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          The conflict
                                                          between the
                                                          necessary
                                                          Higgs field
                                                          and the vacuum
                                                          field in the
                                                          universe is
                                                          treated in the
                                                          article of
                                                          F.J. Tipler in<span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span><br>
                                                          <em><span
                                                          style="font-family:"Helvetica
                                                          Neue"">arXiv</span></em><span
class="ecxyiv2438876326st">:</span><em><span
                                                          style="font-family:"Helvetica
                                                          Neue"">astro</span></em><span
class="ecxyiv2438876326st">-</span><em><span
                                                          style="font-family:"Helvetica
                                                          Neue"">ph</span></em><span
class="ecxyiv2438876326st">/</span><em><span
                                                          style="font-family:"Helvetica
                                                          Neue"">0111520v1
                                                          .</span></em><span
class="apple-converted-space"><i> </i></span><span
                                                          class="ecxyiv2438876326st">It
                                                          is well known
                                                          by particle
                                                          physicists   I
                                                          have at
                                                          conferences
                                                          here</span><span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span><span class="ecxyiv2438876326st">asked</span><span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span><span class="ecxyiv2438876326st">several
                                                          times the
                                                          presenters of
                                                          the Higgs
                                                          model for this
                                                          discrepancy.
                                                          They have
                                                          always
                                                          admitted that
                                                          this conflict
                                                          exists, but
                                                          some have
                                                          tried to blame
                                                          the
                                                          astronomers
                                                          for it. No one
                                                          ever has
                                                          presented a
                                                          solution for
                                                          the conflict.</span><br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          <span
                                                          class="ecxyiv2438876326st">Albrecht</span><br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          Am 07.05.2016
                                                          um 23:32
                                                          schrieb
                                                          Richard
                                                          Gauthier:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <blockquote
                                                          style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue"">Hello Albrecht,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue"">    Thank your for your
                                                          further
                                                          comments and
                                                          questions.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue"">    Your are asking me
                                                          why photons
                                                          have momentum
                                                          p=hv/c .
                                                          That’s like
                                                          asking why
                                                          photons have
                                                          energy E=hv .
                                                          In physics
                                                          nobody knows
                                                          “why” anything
                                                          happens.
                                                          “Why?”
                                                          questions
                                                          always lead
                                                          back to a big
                                                          unknown.
                                                          Physicists
                                                          observe nature
                                                          qualitatively
                                                          and
                                                          quantitatively
                                                          and search for
                                                          cause-effect
                                                          relations,
                                                           equations,
                                                          theoretical
                                                          models and
                                                          symmetry
                                                          relations that
                                                          work ("save
                                                          the
                                                          appearances"),
                                                          and lead to
                                                          further and
                                                          better (more
                                                          accurate)
                                                          physical
                                                          predictions
                                                          that often
                                                          lead to
                                                          practical
                                                          applications
                                                          and hopefully
                                                          deeper
                                                          “understanding”
                                                          of physical
                                                          phenomena.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue"">     You ask why a
                                                          spin-1/2
                                                          photon curls
                                                          up. You could
                                                          just as well
                                                          ask why a
                                                          spin-1 photon
                                                          doesn’t curl
                                                          up, since it
                                                          has spin. (My
                                                          transluminal
                                                          energy quantum
                                                          model of a
                                                          spin-1 photon
                                                          at<a
                                                          moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.academia.edu/4429810/Transluminal_Energy_Quantum_Models_of_the_Photon_and_the_Electron"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.academia.edu/4429810/Transluminal_Energy_Quantum_Models_of_the_Photon_and_the_Electron">https://www.academia.edu/4429810/Transluminal_Energy_Quantum_Models_of_the_Photon_and_the_Electron</a></a><span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span> is a helical model that is
                                                          consistent
                                                          with  both a
                                                          photon's
                                                          spin-1 hbar
                                                          and its
                                                          forward linear
                                                          momentum
                                                          p=h/lambda). <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue"">      Your own comments
                                                          on the
                                                          possible
                                                          nature and
                                                          make-up of
                                                          photons are
                                                          extremely
                                                          speculative to
                                                          say the least.
                                                          You have no
                                                          photon model
                                                          at all. There
                                                          is zero
                                                          experimental
                                                          evidence that
                                                          a photon is
                                                          composite. You
                                                          should at
                                                          least try to
                                                          show how a
                                                          sufficiently
                                                          energetic
                                                          photon leads
                                                          to your
                                                          electron model
                                                          in
                                                          electron-positron
                                                          pair
                                                          production.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue"">      You claim that
                                                          astronomers
                                                          deny the
                                                          existence of a
                                                          Higgs field
                                                          strong enough
                                                          to explain
                                                          noticeable
                                                          forces in
                                                          elementary
                                                          particles.
                                                          That is a
                                                          blanket
                                                          statement that
                                                          needs
                                                          supporting
                                                          evidence.
                                                          Please support
                                                          your claim
                                                          here with
                                                          sources. It’s
                                                          like claiming
                                                          that
                                                          “scientists
                                                          say”.  Thanks.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue"">        Richard<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <blockquote
                                                          style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue"">On May 7, 2016, at 10:23
                                                          AM, Albrecht
                                                          Giese <<a
                                                          moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de">genmail@a-giese.de</a></a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">Hello
                                                          Richard,<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          thank you for
                                                          your mail. I
                                                          still have
                                                          questions to
                                                          your
                                                          explanations:<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          To para 1):<br>
                                                          According to
                                                          you
                                                          explanations
                                                          the circular
                                                          motion is
                                                          mainly
                                                          achieved by
                                                          the fact that
                                                          the particles
                                                          are "curling
                                                          up". Which
                                                          physical law
                                                          do you have in
                                                          mind that
                                                          causes them to
                                                          curl up? What
                                                          are the
                                                          quantitative
                                                          consequences?
                                                          - You say that
                                                          there is a
                                                          "configurational"
                                                          force which
                                                          controls the
                                                          internal
                                                          motion of an
                                                          electron and a
                                                          positron. You
                                                          assume that
                                                          this may come
                                                          from the Higgs
                                                          field. I think
                                                          that this is
                                                          highly
                                                          speculative as
                                                          astronomers
                                                          deny the
                                                          existence of a
                                                          Higgs field
                                                          which is
                                                          strong enough
                                                          to be an
                                                          explanation
                                                          for noticeable
                                                          forces in
                                                          elementary
                                                          particles.<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          To para 2):<br>
                                                          The momentum
                                                          of a photon is
                                                          h</span><span
class="ecxyiv2438876326"><span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Symbol">*n</span></span><span
class="ecxyiv2438876326apple-converted-space"><span
                                                          style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"> </span></span><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">y/c,
                                                          true. But what
                                                          is the
                                                          physical
                                                          mechanism
                                                          causing this
                                                          momentum?
                                                          Still not
                                                          answered.<span
class="ecxyiv2438876326apple-converted-space"> </span><br>
                                                          I believe that
                                                          my mass
                                                          mechanism is
                                                          applicable to
                                                          the photon.
                                                          The photon has
                                                          an extension,
                                                          so it has
                                                          inertia by the
                                                          standard
                                                          mechanism for
                                                          extended
                                                          objects. And
                                                          in addition I
                                                          think that the
                                                          photon may be
                                                          composed by
                                                          the same
                                                          sub-particles
                                                          ("basic
                                                          particles")
                                                          like leptons
                                                          and quarks.
                                                          The question
                                                          still open for
                                                          me is, why the
                                                          photon moves
                                                          steadily with
                                                          c. An
                                                          explanation
                                                          may be that it
                                                          moves always
                                                          into a certain
                                                          direction with
                                                          respect to its
                                                          internal set
                                                          up. On the
                                                          other hand,
                                                          the fact that
                                                          the rest mass
                                                          of the photon
                                                          is zero is
                                                          nothing more
                                                          than a
                                                          mathematical
                                                          result. Was
                                                          never
                                                          measured.<span
class="ecxyiv2438876326apple-converted-space"> </span><br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          Albrecht<span
class="ecxyiv2438876326apple-converted-space"> </span><br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          Am Sat, 30 Apr
                                                          2016 um
                                                          17:22:00
                                                          schrieb
                                                          Richard
                                                          Gauthier:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <blockquote
                                                          style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt;background-color:rgb(255,
                                                          255,

                                                          255);word-spacing:0px">
                                                          <div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">Hello
                                                          Albrecht,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">   <span
class="ecxyiv2438876326apple-converted-space"> </span>Thank you for your
                                                          two thoughtful
                                                          questions.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">To
                                                          try to answer
                                                          them:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">1)
                                                          I think it is
                                                          an incorrect
                                                          assumption
                                                          that only a
                                                          second
                                                          electric
                                                          charge or a
                                                          corresponding
                                                          permanent
                                                          field can
                                                          cause a
                                                          spin-1/2
                                                          charged photon
                                                          to move in a
                                                          circular or
                                                          helical
                                                          configuration.
                                                          Have you
                                                          considered
                                                          other possible
                                                          explanations?
                                                          One I have
                                                          considered, in
                                                          the context of
                                                          e-p
                                                          production, is
                                                          that two
                                                          uncharged
                                                          spin-1/2
                                                          photons of are
                                                          formed in the
                                                          process of
                                                          electron-positron
                                                          pair
                                                          production
                                                          from a spin-1
                                                          photon of
                                                          sufficient
                                                          energy
                                                          (greater than
                                                          1.022 MeV). At
                                                          first the two
                                                          uncharged
                                                          spin-1/2
                                                          photons both
                                                          move forward
                                                          together in a
                                                          kind of
                                                          unstable
                                                          equilibrium.
                                                          One has a
                                                          negative
                                                          charge
                                                          potentiality
                                                          and the other
                                                          has a positive
                                                          charge
                                                          potentiality,
                                                          yet both are
                                                          still neutral.
                                                          These two
                                                          uncharged
                                                          spin-1/2
                                                          photons can
                                                          either then
                                                          unite with
                                                          each other to
                                                          form a spin-1
                                                          photon, or
                                                          they can
                                                          separate in
                                                          the presence
                                                          of a nearby
                                                          charged
                                                          nucleus and
                                                          each curl up,
                                                          gaining
                                                          negative and
                                                          positive
                                                          charge
                                                          respectively,
                                                          as well as
                                                          rest mass
                                                          Eo/c^2, and
                                                          slowing down
                                                          (as they
                                                          become an
                                                          electron and
                                                          positron) to
                                                          less than
                                                          light-speed as
                                                          they curl up.
                                                          (Internally
                                                          these spin-1/2
                                                          charged
                                                          photons
                                                          maintain
                                                          light-speed c
                                                          in their
                                                          forward
                                                          direction, but
                                                          their
                                                          curled-up
                                                          configurations
                                                          as a electron
                                                          and a positron
                                                          have v < c
                                                          .) Once they
                                                          are both fully
                                                          curled up to
                                                          form a fully
                                                          charged
                                                          electron and
                                                          positron, they
                                                          continue to
                                                          move apart.
                                                          Now they each
                                                          have a stable
                                                          internal
                                                          equilibrium
                                                          (because of
                                                          conservation
                                                          of electric
                                                          charge) and
                                                          they cannot
                                                          individually
                                                          unroll (except
                                                          perhaps
                                                          virtually) to
                                                          become an
                                                          uncharged
                                                          spin-1/2
                                                          photon, and so
                                                          they remain a
                                                          stable
                                                          electron and a
                                                          stable
                                                          positron.
                                                          Their own
                                                          charged
                                                          curled-up
                                                          stable
                                                          equilibrium
                                                          maintains them
                                                          in their
                                                          curled-up
                                                          configurations,
                                                          supplying the
                                                          necessary
                                                          configurational
                                                          force that
                                                          maintains
                                                          their
                                                          circulating
                                                          motion to form
                                                          an electron or
                                                          a positron.
                                                          This
                                                          configurational
                                                          force that
                                                          maintains each
                                                          of them curled
                                                          up would be a
                                                          non-electrical
                                                          force. Perhaps
                                                          this
                                                          configurational
                                                          force that
                                                          maintains the
                                                          electron and
                                                          the positron
                                                          curled up with
                                                          rest mass and
                                                          moving at less
                                                          than
                                                          light-speed c,
                                                          comes from the
                                                          Higgs field.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">   <span
class="ecxyiv2438876326apple-converted-space"> </span>When an electron
                                                          and positron
                                                          meet, they may
                                                          first form a
                                                          positronium
                                                          atom. Then
                                                          they both
                                                          uncurl and
                                                          unite to form
                                                          an unstable
                                                          neutral
                                                          particle which
                                                          decays
                                                          immediately
                                                          into two or
                                                          three spin-1
                                                          photons, in
                                                          the process of
electron-positron annihilation.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">2)
                                                          Why does the
                                                          spin-1/2
                                                          charged photon
                                                          have momentum?
                                                          you ask.  It
                                                          is because it
                                                          is a photon
                                                          with momentum
                                                          hv/c . My
                                                          model of the
                                                          spin-1/2
                                                          charged photon
                                                          is similar to
                                                          my internally
                                                          transluminal
                                                          model of an
                                                          uncharged
                                                          photon, except
                                                           that the
                                                          spin-1/2
                                                          charged photon
                                                          makes two
                                                          helical loops
                                                          instead of one
                                                          per photon
                                                          wavelength,
                                                          and the
                                                          spin-1/2
                                                          charged photon
                                                          model's
                                                          helical radius
                                                          is 1/2 that of
                                                          the helical
                                                          radius of a
                                                          spin-1 photon
                                                          model , being
                                                          R=lambda/4pi
                                                          instead of
                                                          lambda/2 pi.
                                                          The uncurled
                                                          transluminal
                                                          spin-1/2
                                                          uncharged
                                                          photon model
                                                          curls up
                                                          nicely into a
                                                          curled-up
                                                          double-looping
                                                          spin-1/2
                                                          charged photon
                                                          model of an
                                                          electron. You
                                                          can read about
                                                          my
                                                          superluminal
                                                          uncharged
                                                          photon model
                                                          at <a
                                                          moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.academia.edu/4429810/Transluminal_Energy_Quantum_Models_of_the_Photon_and_the_Electron"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.academia.edu/4429810/Transluminal_Energy_Quantum_Models_of_the_Photon_and_the_Electron">https://www.academia.edu/4429810/Transluminal_Energy_Quantum_Models_of_the_Photon_and_the_Electron</a></a> or
                                                          I can e-mail
                                                          you a copy. I
                                                          have only
                                                          talked about
                                                          my current
                                                          model of the
                                                          superluminal
                                                          spin-1/2
                                                          charged photon
                                                          on the “Nature
                                                          of Light and
                                                          Particles”
                                                          e-list during
                                                          the past year.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">I
                                                          hope these
                                                          possible
                                                          explanations
                                                          of the
                                                          spin-1/2
                                                          charged-photon
                                                          model are
                                                          helpful. I
                                                          don’t think
                                                          that you have
                                                          a photon model
                                                          yet that is
                                                          consistent
                                                          with your
                                                          two-particle
                                                          electron
                                                          model, in
                                                          terms of e-p
                                                          production and
                                                          e-p
                                                          annihilation.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">The
                                                          figure below,
                                                          which I
                                                          included in
                                                          this e-list
                                                          some months
                                                          ago, shows a
                                                          curled-up spin
                                                          1/2 charged
                                                          photon forming
                                                          a resting
                                                          electron (top
                                                          graphic) and
                                                          at different
                                                          increasing
                                                          relativistic
                                                          speeds (lower
                                                          graphics). The
                                                          green line is
                                                          the
                                                          double-looping
                                                          helical
                                                          trajectory of
                                                          the
                                                          circulating
                                                          charged photon
                                                          forming the
                                                          electron,
                                                          while the red
                                                          line is the
                                                          trajectory of
                                                          the
                                                          superluminal
                                                          energy quantum
                                                          of the
                                                          spin-1/2
                                                          photon model.
                                                          The
                                                          superluminal
                                                          energy quantum
                                                          in the resting
                                                          electron moves
                                                          on the surface
                                                          of a
                                                          mathematical
                                                          horn torus. As
                                                          the speed v of
                                                          the electron
                                                          model
                                                          increases, the
                                                          radius of the
                                                          green helical
                                                          trajectory
                                                          decreases as
                                                          1/gamma^2 ,
                                                          while  the
                                                          radius of the
                                                          red trajectory
                                                          of the
                                                          superluminal
                                                          quantum
                                                          decreases as
                                                          1/gamma. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          <table
                                                          class="MsoNormalTable"
style="border:none;border-top:solid windowtext
                                                          1.0pt;border-top-color:rgb(170,
                                                          171,
 182)"
                                                          border="1"
                                                          cellpadding="0">
                                                          <tbody>
                                                          <tr>
                                                          <td
                                                          style="width:41.25pt;border:none;padding:13.5pt
                                                          .75pt .75pt
                                                          .75pt"
                                                          width="55">
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.avast.com/sig-email?utm_medium=email&utm_source=link&utm_campaign=sig-email&utm_content=emailclient"
target="_blank"><span style="text-decoration:none"><img
                                                          moz-do-not-send="true"
id="_x0000_i1027"
src="https://ipmcdn.avast.com/images/2016/icons/icon-envelope-tick-round-orange-v1.png"
                                                          border="0"></span></a><o:p></o:p></p>
                                                          </td>
                                                          <td
                                                          style="width:352.5pt;border:none;padding:15.0pt
                                                          .75pt .75pt
                                                          .75pt;color:rgb(65,
                                                          66,
 78)"
                                                          width="470">
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="line-height:13.5pt"><span
                                                          style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Virenfrei.<span
class="ecxyiv2438876326apple-converted-space"> </span><a
                                                          moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.avast.com"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.avast.com">www.avast.com</a></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </td>
                                                          </tr>
                                                          </tbody>
                                                          </table>
                                                          </blockquote>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Helvetica
                                                          Neue""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </blockquote>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </blockquote>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </blockquote>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue"">_______________________________________________<br>
                                                          If you no
                                                          longer wish to
                                                          receive
                                                          communication
                                                          from the
                                                          Nature of
                                                          Light and
                                                          Particles
                                                          General
                                                          Discussion
                                                          List at<span
                                                          class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a
moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com">richgauthier@gmail.com</a></a><br>
                                                          <a href="<a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://lists.natureoflightandparticles.org/options.cgi/general-natureoflightandparticles.org/richgauthier%40gmail.com?unsub=1&unsubconfirm=1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://lists.natureoflightandparticles.org/options.cgi/general-natureoflightandparticles.org/richgauthier%40gmail.com?unsub=1&unsubconfirm=1">http://lists.natureoflightandparticles.org/options.cgi/general-natureoflightandparticles.org/richgauthier%40gmail.com?unsub=1&unsubconfirm=1</a></a>">
                                                          <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          <div
                                                          id="ecxyiv2438876326yqtfd84749">
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Helvetica
                                                          Neue""><br>
                                                          Click here to
                                                          unsubscribe<br>
                                                          </a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          <div
                                                          id="ecxyqtfd65703">
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Helvetica Neue"">_______________________________________________<br>
                                                          If you no
                                                          longer wish to
                                                          receive
                                                          communication
                                                          from the
                                                          Nature of
                                                          Light and
                                                          Particles
                                                          General
                                                          Discussion
                                                          List at<span
                                                          class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a
moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:davidmathes8@yahoo.com"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:davidmathes8@yahoo.com">davidmathes8@yahoo.com</a></a><br>
                                                          <a href="<a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://lists.natureoflightandparticles.org/options.cgi/general-natureoflightandparticles.org/davidmathes8%40yahoo.com?unsub=1&unsubconfirm=1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://lists.natureoflightandparticles.org/options.cgi/general-natureoflightandparticles.org/davidmathes8%40yahoo.com?unsub=1&unsubconfirm=1">http://lists.natureoflightandparticles.org/options.cgi/general-natureoflightandparticles.org/davidmathes8%40yahoo.com?unsub=1&unsubconfirm=1</a></a>"><br>
                                                          Click here to
                                                          unsubscribe<br>
                                                          </a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"
style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Helvetica
                                                          Neue""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </blockquote>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </blockquote>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </blockquote>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <p
                                                          class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                        </div>
                                                      </div>
                                                    </blockquote>
                                                  </div>
                                                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                                </div>
                                              </div>
                                            </blockquote>
                                          </div>
                                          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                              style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><br>
                                              <br>
_______________________________________________ If you no longer wish to
                                              receive communication from
                                              the Nature of Light and
                                              Particles General
                                              Discussion List at<span
                                                class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a
                                                moz-do-not-send="true"
                                                href="mailto:vladimirtamari@hotmail.com"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:vladimirtamari@hotmail.com">vladimirtamari@hotmail.com</a></a><span
class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://lists.natureoflightandparticles.org/options.cgi/general-natureoflightandparticles.org/vladimirtamari%40hotmail.com?unsub=1&unsubconfirm=1"
                                                target="_blank">Click
                                                here to unsubscribe</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                        </div>
                                      </div>
                                    </div>
                                    <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                        style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">_______________________________________________<br>
                                        If you no longer wish to receive
                                        communication from the Nature of
                                        Light and Particles General
                                        Discussion List at<span
                                          class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><a
                                        moz-do-not-send="true"
                                        href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com"><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com">richgauthier@gmail.com</a></a><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><br>
                                        <a href="</span><a
                                        moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://lists.natureoflightandparticles.org/options.cgi/general-natureoflightandparticles.org/richgauthier%40gmail.com?unsub=1&unsubconfirm=1"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://lists.natureoflightandparticles.org/options.cgi/general-natureoflightandparticles.org/richgauthier%40gmail.com?unsub=1&unsubconfirm=1">http://lists.natureoflightandparticles.org/options.cgi/general-natureoflightandparticles.org/richgauthier%40gmail.com?unsub=1&unsubconfirm=1</a></a><span
style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">"><br>
                                        Click here to unsubscribe<br>
                                        </a></span><o:p></o:p></p>
                                  </div>
                                </blockquote>
                              </div>
                              <p class="MsoNormal"><br>
                                <br>
                                <br>
                                <br>
                                <o:p></o:p></p>
                              <pre>_______________________________________________<o:p></o:p></pre>
                              <pre>If you no longer wish to receive communication from the Nature of Light and Particles General Discussion List at <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:phys@a-giese.de">phys@a-giese.de</a><o:p></o:p></pre>
                              <pre><a href=<a moz-do-not-send="true" href="http://lists.natureoflightandparticles.org/options.cgi/general-natureoflightandparticles.org/phys%40a-giese.de?unsub=1&unsubconfirm=1">"http://lists.natureoflightandparticles.org/options.cgi/general-natureoflightandparticles.org/phys%40a-giese.de?unsub=1&unsubconfirm=1"</a>><o:p></o:p></pre>
                              <pre>Click here to unsubscribe<o:p></o:p></pre>
                              <pre></a><o:p></o:p></pre>
                            </blockquote>
                            <p class="MsoNormal"
                              style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></p>
                            <table class="MsoNormalTable"
                              style="border:none;border-top:solid
                              #D3D4DE 1.0pt" border="1" cellpadding="0">
                              <tbody>
                                <tr>
                                  <td
                                    style="width:41.25pt;border:none;padding:13.5pt
                                    .75pt .75pt .75pt" width="55">
                                    <p class="MsoNormal"><a
                                        moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.avast.com/sig-email?utm_medium=email&utm_source=link&utm_campaign=sig-email&utm_content=emailclient"
                                        target="_blank"><span
                                          style="text-decoration:none"><img
                                            moz-do-not-send="true"
                                            id="_x0000_i1028"
src="https://ipmcdn.avast.com/images/2016/icons/icon-envelope-tick-round-orange_184x116-v1.png"
                                            border="0"></span></a><o:p></o:p></p>
                                  </td>
                                  <td
                                    style="width:352.5pt;border:none;padding:12.75pt
                                    .75pt .75pt .75pt" width="470">
                                    <p class="MsoNormal"
                                      style="line-height:13.5pt"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#41424E">Virenfrei.
                                        <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.avast.com/sig-email?utm_medium=email&utm_source=link&utm_campaign=sig-email&utm_content=emailclient"
                                          target="_blank"><span
                                            style="color:#4453EA">www.avast.com</span></a>
                                        <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                  </td>
                                </tr>
                              </tbody>
                            </table>
                          </div>
                        </div>
                      </blockquote>
                    </div>
                    <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
                  </blockquote>
                  <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><o:p> </o:p></p>
                  <table class="MsoNormalTable"
                    style="border:none;border-top:solid #D3D4DE 1.0pt"
                    border="1" cellpadding="0">
                    <tbody>
                      <tr>
                        <td
                          style="width:41.25pt;border:none;padding:13.5pt
                          .75pt .75pt .75pt" width="55">
                          <p class="MsoNormal"><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.avast.com/sig-email?utm_medium=email&utm_source=link&utm_campaign=sig-email&utm_content=emailclient"
                              target="_blank"><span
                                style="text-decoration:none"><img
                                  moz-do-not-send="true"
                                  id="_x0000_i1029"
src="https://ipmcdn.avast.com/images/2016/icons/icon-envelope-tick-round-orange_184x116-v1.png"
                                  border="0"></span></a><o:p></o:p></p>
                        </td>
                        <td
                          style="width:352.5pt;border:none;padding:12.75pt
                          .75pt .75pt .75pt" width="470">
                          <p class="MsoNormal"
                            style="line-height:13.5pt"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#41424E">Virenfrei.
                              <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.avast.com/sig-email?utm_medium=email&utm_source=link&utm_campaign=sig-email&utm_content=emailclient"
                                target="_blank"><span
                                  style="color:#4453EA">www.avast.com</span></a>
                              <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                        </td>
                      </tr>
                    </tbody>
                  </table>
                </div>
              </div>
            </blockquote>
          </div>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
        </blockquote>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    <br>
  </body>
</html>