<html><head></head><body><div style="color:#000; background-color:#fff; font-family:times new roman, new york, times, serif;font-size:16px"><div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1465427444393_3414"><span id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1465427444393_4031">Wolf,</span></div><div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1465427444393_3414" dir="ltr"><span id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1465427444393_4032">The field transmits frequency information/energy in the case of light. That is the easy part. For the matter-wave, there are rich enough ways to encode an element's identity. That is the hard part. But with what I call <i id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1465427444393_12101">the ratio trick</i>, and a <i id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1465427444393_12100">threshold interpretation of our fundamental constants</i>, matter-waves are workable. It seems I need to express what a photon is. Please, IMHO a photon is a model, not a thing. There is energy transmitted of <i>hf</i>, but the photon model excludes the loading theory of continuous absorption. QM wave-particle duality immediately implies wave-function collapse. entanglement, and all these acts-of-desperation's-worth of imaginative models for QM. That is how QM works. Interestingly, if you look at Einstein's 1905<i> Heuristic paper,</i> he considered continuous absorption. My tests show continuous absorption. If one wants to make things more difficult, one can lobby for changing the definition of the photon to a puff of light or something. That would be far too confusing. But a particle that can be many places at once is just double-speak to be transcended. A wave can very easily carry detailed properties. What I think is wrong with Bell's theory is that they are<i id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1465427444393_11183"> sending</i> quantized, but not realizing things <i id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1465427444393_11278">absorb</i> continuous, with its pre-loaded state. You see it right away in Bell's early equations. Those equations bother me so deeply, I am not able to explain them. I do not need to. QM gets the same result as Malus' law, Bell gets a linearity whereas Malus is a cos^2 relation. I can see it in my Bell-polarizer-simulator, a thing I built, also. We expect Malus with the loading theory. I expect all sorts of waves-guiding-particles arguments here. I know about it. That is the distinction my experiments draw.</span></div><div class="qtdSeparateBR" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1465427444393_4033">Eric<br><br></div><div class="yahoo_quoted" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1465427444393_5327" style="display: block;"> <blockquote style="border-left: 2px solid rgb(16, 16, 255); margin-left: 5px; margin-top: 5px; padding-left: 5px;" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1465427444393_5326"> <div style="font-family: times new roman, new york, times, serif; font-size: 16px;" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1465427444393_5325"> <div style="font-family: HelveticaNeue, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, Lucida Grande, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1465427444393_5324"> <div dir="ltr" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1465427444393_9227"> <font size="2" face="Arial" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1465427444393_9226"> <hr size="1" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1465427444393_9225"> <b><span style="font-weight:bold;">From:</span></b> Wolfgang Baer <wolf@nascentinc.com><br> <b><span style="font-weight: bold;">To:</span></b> general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org <br> <b><span style="font-weight: bold;">Sent:</span></b> Wednesday, June 8, 2016 3:02 PM<br> <b><span style="font-weight: bold;">Subject:</span></b> Re: [General] inertia<br> </font> </div> <div class="y_msg_container" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1465427444393_5323"><br><div id="yiv7290211889">
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1465427444393_5322">
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1465427444393_9228">Albrecht and Richard:</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1465427444393_5321">This is an interesting discussion and certainly the nature of
inertia an interesting topic <br>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1465427444393_9229">But if ' "Field" is a human abstraction to describe the effect
of a charge onto another charge.' <br>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1465427444393_9230">Then the charges are located at the absorber and emitter , the
photon is a structure of disturbance that propagates from one
charge to the other.</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1465427444393_9235">How do you possibly get to the "if a photon has a field" ?</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1465427444393_5329">If I eat a lot of garlic and walk into a closed room containing
you. Then when I say "hello" I am emitting a field of garlic
smelling particles and lucky you would pick up the smell by
absorbing those particles. You would then say that the garlic
smell is contained in the particles which make up the field of
particles. Which is Albrecht's view of photons - they are carriers
of hidden properties.<br>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1465427444393_15864">However the sound I make when saying "hello" is a pressure
disturbance producing a pressure field in the media NOT a particle
field. THere is no garlic property attached to the pressure wave
picked up by my ear. <br>
</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1465427444393_15850">So you are arguing over the fundamental nature of a photon. Is it
a particle that can carry hidden properties from one place to
another. Have not Bell's theorem experiments discounted this
possibility?</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>best</div>
<div>wolf<br>
</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<pre class="yiv7290211889moz-signature" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1465427444393_19810">Dr. Wolfgang Baer
Research Director
Nascent Systems Inc.
tel/fax 831-659-3120/0432
E-mail <a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:wolf@NascentInc.com" target="_blank" href="mailto:wolf@NascentInc.com">wolf@NascentInc.com</a></pre>
<div class="yiv7290211889moz-cite-prefix">On 6/8/2016 1:34 PM, Albrecht Giese
wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1465427444393_19814">
<div>Hello Richard,</div>
<div id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1465427444393_19816">thank you for your response. - My comments again in the text
below.<br>
</div>
Am 04.06.2016 um 20:20 schrieb Richard Gauthier:<br>
<blockquote type="cite" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1465427444393_19824">
Hello Albrecht,
<div class="yiv7290211889" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1465427444393_19823"><br class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889" id="yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1465427444393_19822"> I understand your deductive logic for
thinking that photons are composite, but I think your
beginning premise "electric charges can only interact with
other electric charges” is faulty. And although your second
premise “electrons can interact with photons” is correct,
your conclusion "a photon must contain electric charges” is
therefore, like your first premise, also faulty. Electric
charges can interact with electric fields which are not
electric charges.</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
What is a field? "Field" is a human abstraction to describe the
effect of a charge onto another charge. If we notice that at a
specific position in the space is a force acting on a charge, we
call this phenomenon a "field". What else is a field? It is the
effect of a charge at a certain distance, nothing else. - So, the
natural consequence is that if a photon has a field, which means
that it has an interaction with a charge, it must contain a
charge. Or, what else can the notion of a "field" mean?<br>
<blockquote type="cite">
<div class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889"> For example, an electron is accelerated to
radiate a photon. The electron then annihilates with a
positron to produce two photons. So there are no more
electric charges, and only photons remain.</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
I think that this is a quite easy situation. If an electron
"annihilates" with a positron then both charges unify to build the
photon. - The situation with an accelerated electron is a bit
different. If there is enough energy, then obviously a pair of a
positive and a negative charge can be built. This generation of
pairs of charges also takes place at particle collisions in an
accelerator or a storage ring (like the LHC). At each collision a
lot of new particles is generated, most of which are charged, so a
lot of new pairs of charge is generated.<br>
<blockquote type="cite">
<div class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889"><br class="yiv7290211889">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"> Your second explanation also is faulty. No
one knows the composition of a photon. A photon may consist
of a single particle with a helical spatio-temporal
movement. For example, my model of a spin-1 photon is that a
photon is composed of a single transluminal energy quantum
(TEQ) moving helically at speed c sqrt(2) but having a
longitudinal speed of c. It has energy E=hf. It has the
photon’s momentum p=h/lambda and it has spin 1 hbar.</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
TEQ? What is energy? In my understanding (which is generally
critical about QM) energy is a property of an object, like speed
or momentum or spin are properties of an object. You cannot have a
piece of velocity somewhere, similarly you cannot have a piece of
energy, without having an object which carries this. - I know that
in QM energy is something by itself, but just this is a core point
of the weirdness of QM in my understanding. And, what is an
object? In my understanding candidates for objects are charges,
like the electrical charge or the charge of the strong force. A
configuration of such charges can build a higher order object. Do
we really need more?<br>
<blockquote type="cite">
<div class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889"> Its forward helical angle is 45 degrees for all
different energies of photons. Now I think that this TEQ
generates speed-of-light quantum Huygens wavelets which
predict where it will be found in the future, and which
allow the photon to display reflection, refraction,
diffraction, and interference and to go through double slits
as a quantum wave pattern, and yet be detected as a single
localized particle on the other side.</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
What is a wavelet? Not so familiar for me. But phenomena like
reflection, refraction, diffraction and interference can be
explained by the superposition of oscillating fields which are the
extended influences of moving charges. A particle model like the
one which I have proposed with mass-less constituents can
perfectly explain these phenomena like reflection, diffraction and
interference and also the fact that behind a double slit there is
still a particle present. This particle existed the entire time,
so as it was assumed by de Broglie when he introduced the pilot
wave. I think that it is really not necessary to assume all the
further properties of nature (like a Huygens wavelet), the
situation seems to be much easier. And why should we make it more
complicated than necessary?<br>
<blockquote type="cite">
<div class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889"><br class="yiv7290211889">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"> Richard</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
Albrecht<br>
<blockquote type="cite">
<div class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889"><br class="yiv7290211889">
<div>
<blockquote type="cite" class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889">On Jun 4, 2016, at 7:41 AM, Albrecht Giese
<<a rel="nofollow" ymailto="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de" target="_blank" href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de" class="yiv7290211889">genmail@a-giese.de</a>>
wrote:</div>
<br class="yiv7290211889Apple-interchange-newline">
<div class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889">Hello Richard,</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889">the experimental evidence that a photon
must be a composite object happens e.g. in every
radio exchange. The photon interacts with electric
charges, this is only possible if one assumes that
the photon has electric charge. Now, as it is
electrically neutral as a whole, there must be a
balance of positive and negative electric
charge(s). Those have to have some separation as
otherwise they could not react with an outside
charge. This is one of the indications that a
photon has to be composite.</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889">The other way to understand the photon
is the way of quantum mechanics. In the view of QM
the photon is merely a quantum of energy. Any
further understanding of it is - by the view of QM
- not possible. To treat a photon physically and
quantitatively requires the use of the QM
formalism, however, (as usual at QM) without a
direct understanding. - This is the position of QM
which is formally allows for a point-like photon.
But I think that no one in our group is willing to
follow QM in this respect. All efforts undertaken
here come from the desire to have a physical
understanding. And this includes necessarily (in
my view) that the photon is composite.</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889">Albrecht<br class="yiv7290211889">
<br class="yiv7290211889">
<br class="yiv7290211889">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889moz-cite-prefix">Am 03.06.2016 um 00:53
schrieb Richard Gauthier:<br class="yiv7290211889">
</div>
<blockquote type="cite" class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889">Hello Albrecht,</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"> My electron model is built of a
single circulating spin-1/2 charged photon. It
is not built “by photons”. I know of no
experimental evidence that a photon is a
composite particle as you claim. Please cite any
accepted experimental evidence that a photon is
a composite particle. Thanks.</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"> Richard</div>
<br class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889">
<blockquote type="cite" class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889">On Jun 2, 2016, at 1:37 PM,
Albrecht Giese <<a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de" target="_blank" href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de">genmail@a-giese.de</a>>
wrote:</div>
<br class="yiv7290211889Apple-interchange-newline">
<div class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889">Hello Richard,</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889">Zero evidence for a composite
particle? I think that the evidence for
a composite particle model is very
obvious:</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889">- The model explains the mass
and the momentum of a particle with NO
new parameters, from the scratch<br class="yiv7290211889">
- The model explains the magnetic
moment of a particle classically with no
new parameters<br class="yiv7290211889">
- The model explains the constancy of
the spin classically<br class="yiv7290211889">
- The model explains the equation E =
h*f classically (was never deduced
before)<br class="yiv7290211889">
- The model explains the relativistic
increase of mass and the mass-energy
relation E=m*c^2 independent of
Einstein's space-time ideas.</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889">And what is the evidence that
the electron is NOT a composite
particle? Your electron model is built
by photons, where the photon is also a
composite particle. So, what?<br class="yiv7290211889">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889">I do not know any other
particle models with this ability. Do
you? Such properties are taken as a good
evidence in physics. Or why do main
stream physics trust in the existence of
an up-quark and a down-quark? For both
there was no direct evidence in any
experiment. The reason to accept their
existence is the fact that this
assumption makes some other facts
understandable. - The model of a
composite particle is in no way weaker.</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889">Albrecht</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"><br class="yiv7290211889">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889moz-cite-prefix">Am 31.05.2016
um 20:19 schrieb Richard Gauthier:<br class="yiv7290211889">
</div>
<blockquote type="cite" class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889">Hello Albrecht and all,</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"><br class="yiv7290211889">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"> Since there is zero
experimental evidence that the
electron is a composite particle, I
will no longer comment on Albrecht's
electron model, which postulates as a
principal feature that the electron is
a composite particle, unless new
experimental evidence is found that
the electron is a composite particle
after all.</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"><br class="yiv7290211889">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"> Galileo’s and Newton's
“law of inertia" is clearly an
expression of conservation of momentum
of objects or “bodies” in the absence
of an imposed external net force. It
revolutionized mechanics because
Aristotle had taught otherwise. </div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"><br class="yiv7290211889">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"> If a resting electron is
a circulating light-speed electrically
charged photon with circulating
momentum Eo/c, then an external force
F on the electron equals the
additional rate of change of momentum
dp/dt of the circulating charged
photon corresponding to that external
force: F=dp/dt , beyond the constant
rate of change of momentum of the
circulating charged photon. The ratio
of this applied force F (for example
due to an applied electric field) to
the circulating charged photon’s
additional acceleration “a" is called
the electron's inertial mass and is
defined by F=ma or m=F/a . There is no
separate mass-stuff or inertia-stuff
to be accelerated in a particle. There
is only the circulating momentum Eo/c
of the circling speed-of-light
particle with rest energy Eo , that is
being additionally accelerated by the
applied force F. Since the value m =
Eo/c^2 of a resting particle (derived
from the rate of change of the
circulating momentum Eo/c as compared
to its centripetal acceleration) is
the same value in different reference
frames, it is called the particle’s
invariant mass m, but this invariant
mass m is still derived from the
resting particle’s internally
circulating momentum Eo/c . If the
electron is moving relativistically at
v < c, it has an additional linear
momentum p=gamma mv, which when added
vectorially to the transverse
circulating momentum Eo/c gives by the
Pythagorean theorem a total
circulating vector momentum P=gamma
Eo/c = gamma mc=E/c where E is the
electron’s total energy E=gamma mc^2.
This is the origin of the electron’s
relativistic energy-momentum equation
E^2 = p^2 c^2 + m^2 c^4 which is just
another way to write the Pythagorean
momentum vector relationship above:
P^2 = p^2 + (Eo/c)^2 .</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"><br class="yiv7290211889">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"> In my understanding, the
Higgs field gives a non-zero invariant
mass (without being able to predict
the magnitude of that mass) to
certain particles according to the
relativistic energy-momentum equation,
so that any particle moving at v <
c in a Higgs field has invariant mass
m > 0. But the inertia of that
invariant mass m is not explained by
the action of the Higgs field, in my
understanding.</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"><br class="yiv7290211889">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"> To try to theoretically
explain why a photon has momentum p =
hf/c and energy E=hf is a separate
topic beyond trying to explain why a
particle has inertial mass, or
resistance to acceleration by an
applied force.</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"><br class="yiv7290211889">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"> Richard</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"> </div>
<br class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889">
<blockquote type="cite" class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889">On May 30, 2016, at
1:04 PM, Albrecht Giese <<a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de" target="_blank" href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de"></a><a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de" target="_blank" href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de">genmail@a-giese.de</a>>
wrote:</div>
<br class="yiv7290211889Apple-interchange-newline">
<div class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889">Hello Richard,</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889">your new paper has
again a lot of nice
mathematics. However, it again
does not answer the question
of inertia. As earlier, you
relate the inertial mass of an
electron to the mass of the
circling photon which builds
in your understanding the
electron. Then the mass and
the momentum of the electron
is calculated from the mass
and momentum of the photon. <br class="yiv7290211889">
<br class="yiv7290211889">
Such calculation is of course
possible if one follows this
picture of an electron.
However, it does not answer
the question of what the cause
of inertia and momentum of the
photon is. You take this as an
'a priory' fact. But this is
not our present state of
understanding. Physics are
able to go deeper. <br class="yiv7290211889">
<br class="yiv7290211889">
You write in your paper: "The
fact is that the inertial
property of the mass of
elementary particles is not
understood". How can you write
this? Main stream physics have
the Higgs model which is
assumed to describe the mass
of elementary particles. And I
have presented a model which
uses the fact that any
extended object inevitably has
inertia. The reason is, as you
know, that the fields of the
constituents of an extended
object propagate with the
finite speed of light. If the
extension of an elementary
particle is taken from its
magnetic moment, this model
provides very precisely the
mass, the momentum, and a lot
of other parameters and
properties of a particle. <br class="yiv7290211889">
<br class="yiv7290211889">
If you intend to explain the
mass of an electron by the
mass of a photon, you should
have an appropriate
explanation of the mass and
other parameters of a photon.
Otherwise I do not see any
real progress in the
considerations of your paper.
<br class="yiv7290211889">
<br class="yiv7290211889">
Albrecht</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"><br class="yiv7290211889">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889moz-cite-prefix">Am
30.05.2016 um 07:40 schrieb
Richard Gauthier:<br class="yiv7290211889">
</div>
<blockquote type="cite" class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889">Hello Vladimir,</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"> Thanks. That
could be an explanation. But
I’m hoping I can find a
simpler explanation, if
possible.</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"> Richard</div>
<br class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889">
<blockquote type="cite" class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889">On May 29,
2016, at 7:29 PM,
Vladimir Tamari <<a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:vladimirtamari@hotmail.com" target="_blank" href="mailto:vladimirtamari@hotmail.com"></a><a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:vladimirtamari@hotmail.com" target="_blank" href="mailto:vladimirtamari@hotmail.com">vladimirtamari@hotmail.com</a>>
wrote:</div>
<br class="yiv7290211889Apple-interchange-newline">
<div class="yiv7290211889">
<div dir="ltr" style="font-family:Calibri;font-size:16px;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;line-height:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;" class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889"><font class="yiv7290211889" size="3"><br class="yiv7290211889Apple-interchange-newline">
Richard, </font></div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"><font class="yiv7290211889" size="3"><br class="yiv7290211889">
</font></div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"><font class="yiv7290211889" size="3">without
going into the
details of your
model, you
mentioned:</font></div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"><font class="yiv7290211889" size="3"><br class="yiv7290211889">
</font></div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"><span style="line-height:21.3px;background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255);" class="yiv7290211889"><font class="yiv7290211889" color="#ac193d" size="3">"It may
be that vector
momentum is just
not conserved
within
fundamental
particles even
though it is
conserved
between two or
more particles
in their mutual
interactions"</font></span></div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"><span style="color:rgb(68, 68, 68);line-height:21.3px;background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255);" class="yiv7290211889"><font class="yiv7290211889" size="3"><br class="yiv7290211889">
</font></span></div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"><font class="yiv7290211889" color="#444444" size="3"><span style="line-height:21.3px;background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255);" class="yiv7290211889">In
cellular-automata schemes, such as my<span class="yiv7290211889Apple-converted-space"> </span><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://vladimirtamari.com/beautiful_univ_rev_oct_2011.pdf" class="yiv7290211889">Beautiful
Universe</a>,
a particle is
made up of a
pattern of
spinning nodes
in a matrix. The
same type of
spinning nodes
also form the<span class="yiv7290211889Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span style="line-height:21.3px;" class="yiv7290211889">surrounding
magnetic,
gravitational or
electrostatic
field etc. Any
changes in the
angular momentum
or the axis of
spin of
the constituent nodes
of a particle
(or photon wave)
is transmitted
as a domino
effect adjusting
the angular
momentum of
surrounding
nodes both
internally and
externally. The
domino effect is
diffused unto
infinity in
inverse-square
fashion. Nothing
is hidden or
lost or subject
to uncertainty,
and energy is
always
conserved. </span></font></div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"><font class="yiv7290211889" color="#444444" size="3"><span style="line-height:21.3px;" class="yiv7290211889"><br class="yiv7290211889">
</span></font></div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"><font class="yiv7290211889" color="#444444" size="3"><span style="line-height:21.3px;" class="yiv7290211889">In your
case by taking
the photon and
electron in
isolation
conservation
issues seem to
be arising? </span></font><span style="line-height:21.3px;color:rgb(68, 68, 68);font-size:12pt;" class="yiv7290211889">Hope this
helps.</span></div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"><font class="yiv7290211889" color="#444444" size="3"><span style="line-height:21.3px;" class="yiv7290211889">Best
wishes</span></font></div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"><font class="yiv7290211889" color="#444444" size="3"><span style="line-height:21.3px;" class="yiv7290211889">Vladimir</span></font></div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"><font class="yiv7290211889" color="#444444"><span style="font-size:15px;line-height:21.3px;" class="yiv7290211889"><br class="yiv7290211889">
</span></font></div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"><br class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889">
<hr id="yiv7290211889stopSpelling" class="yiv7290211889">From: <a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com" target="_blank" href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com"></a><a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com" target="_blank" href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com">richgauthier@gmail.com</a><br class="yiv7290211889">
Date: Sat, 28 May
2016 17:31:33
-0700<br class="yiv7290211889">
To: <a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org" target="_blank" href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"></a><a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org" target="_blank" href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a><br class="yiv7290211889">
CC: <a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:jsarfatti@aol.com" target="_blank" href="mailto:jsarfatti@aol.com"></a><a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:jsarfatti@aol.com" target="_blank" href="mailto:jsarfatti@aol.com">jsarfatti@aol.com</a><br class="yiv7290211889">
Subject: Re:
[General] inertia<br class="yiv7290211889">
<br class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889">Hello
all,</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"> I’ve
been thinking
about the
unexplained
0.424 Newtons
force acting on
a circulating
double-looped
charged photon
to keep it in
its trajectory.
Any
double-looping-photon
electron model
should have this
force acting on
the circling
photon, such
John and
Martin’s model
and Chip’s
model. The
force doesn’t
have an obvious
source. It
continuously
changes the
direction of the
circling
momentum without
changing the
resting energy
of the photon.
It may be that
vector momentum
is just not
conserved within
fundamental
particles even
though it is
conserved
between two or
more particles
in their mutual
interactions. I
believe that the
Dirac equation
solution for a
free electron
hints at this
internal
non-conservation
of momentum
also during
zitterbewegung
motion of the
free electron
whose average
velocity is v
but whose
eigenvalue for
speed is c. The
position-momentum relations for the double-looped photon model of the
electron, as I
recall, are
below or just at
the the exact
uncertainty
expression of
the Heisenberg
uncertainty
principle: delta
x times delta p
> 1/2 hbar
, for position
and momentum of
an object in a
particular
coordinate
direction. So it
might not be
possible to
experimentally
determine if
linear momentum
is conserved or
not within a
particle. The
indirect
evidence that
there is such
circulating
momentum in a
particle is the
inertial mass
m=Eo/c^2 of the
particle as it
is derived from
the photon’s
circulating
momentum p=Eo/c
. If there is
circling
momentum for a
single particle,
then momentum
conservation
within the
particle IS
being violated.
An analogy: just
as an electron
has spin but it
not
experimentally
known what
inside it is
“spinning", an
electron has
inertial mass
but it is not
known what
inside the
particle is
“massing”. But
but the spin and
the inertial
mass are known
experimentally.
A double-looping
photon model
explains both
what is
“spinning" and
what is
“massing" in an
electron.</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889">
Richard</div>
<br class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889">
<blockquote class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889">On
May 27, 2016,
at 11:50 AM,
Richard
Gauthier <<a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com" target="_blank" href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com"></a><a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com" target="_blank" href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com">richgauthier@gmail.com</a>>
wrote:</div>
<br class="yiv7290211889ecxApple-interchange-newline">
<div class="yiv7290211889">
<div style="word-wrap:break-word;" class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889">Hello
all,</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889">Jack
Sarfatti, a
well-known
physicist,
wrote back to
me about my
article saying
that no one
cares about
this work,
that it is
just
re-inventing
the wheel and
that it is not
a good problem
to work on.
Comments?</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889">
Richard</div>
<br class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889">
<blockquote class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889">On
May 26, 2016,
at 8:25 PM,
Richard
Gauthier <<a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com" target="_blank" href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com"></a><a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com" target="_blank" href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com">richgauthier@gmail.com</a>>
wrote:</div>
<br class="yiv7290211889ecxApple-interchange-newline">
<div class="yiv7290211889">
<div style="word-wrap:break-word;" class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889">Dear
John W,
Martin,
Chandra,
Alexander,
Chip, Andrew,
Vivian,
Albrecht, John
M, David and
all,</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"><br class="yiv7290211889">
</div>
</div>
<span class="yiv7290211889"><A
New Derivation
of E=mc^2
explains a
particle's
inertia.pdf></span>
<div style="word-wrap:break-word;" class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889"><br class="yiv7290211889">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889">Here’s
my latest
input to the
inertia/particles
discussion: my
proposed new
derivation of
Eo=mc^2 and
the inertial
mass of a
particle from
the momentum
of a circling
photon.</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889">
Richard</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"> </div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"><br class="yiv7290211889">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"><br class="yiv7290211889">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"><br class="yiv7290211889">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"><br class="yiv7290211889">
</div>
<br class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889">
<blockquote class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889">On
May 17, 2016,
at 6:47 PM,
Richard
Gauthier <<a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com" target="_blank" href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com"></a><a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com" target="_blank" href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com">richgauthier@gmail.com</a>>
wrote:</div>
<br class="yiv7290211889ecxApple-interchange-newline">
<div class="yiv7290211889">
<div style="word-wrap:break-word;" class="yiv7290211889">David
<div class="yiv7290211889">
These newly
discovered
photons seem
very similar
to
helically-moving
spin-1/2
charged
photons,
except for
their lack of
electric
charge.
Perhaps these
new spin-1/2
photons become
spin-1/2
charged
photons when
they curl up
in pairs of
photons with
opposite
charge, as in
e-p pair
production : "<span style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);font-family:Roboto;font-size:16px;background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255);" class="yiv7290211889">Researchers made their
discovery
after passing
light through
special
crystals to
create a light
beam with a
hollow,
screw-like
structure.
Using quantum
mechanics, the
physicists
theorized that
the beam's
twisting
photons were
being slowed
to a
half-integer
of Planck's
constant.</span><font class="yiv7290211889" face="Roboto" color="#333333" size="3">”</font></div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"><font class="yiv7290211889" face="Roboto" color="#333333" size="3"><span style="background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255);" class="yiv7290211889">
Richard</span></font></div>
<div class="yiv7290211889"><font class="yiv7290211889" face="Roboto" color="#333333" size="3"><span style="background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255);" class="yiv7290211889"><br class="yiv7290211889">
</span></font>
<div class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889">
<blockquote class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889">On
May 17, 2016,
at 1:56 PM,
<<a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:davidmathes8@yahoo.com" target="_blank" href="mailto:davidmathes8@yahoo.com"></a><a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:davidmathes8@yahoo.com" target="_blank" href="mailto:davidmathes8@yahoo.com">davidmathes8@yahoo.com</a>>
<<a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:davidmathes8@yahoo.com" target="_blank" href="mailto:davidmathes8@yahoo.com"></a><a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:davidmathes8@yahoo.com" target="_blank" href="mailto:davidmathes8@yahoo.com">davidmathes8@yahoo.com</a>>
wrote:</div>
<br class="yiv7290211889ecxApple-interchange-newline">
<div class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889">
<div style="background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family:HelveticaNeue, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif;font-size:16px;" class="yiv7290211889">
<div id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5808" class="yiv7290211889"><span id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_6124" class="yiv7290211889">Richard</span></div>
<div id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5808" class="yiv7290211889"><span class="yiv7290211889"><br class="yiv7290211889">
</span></div>
<div id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5808" class="yiv7290211889"><span id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_6125" class="yiv7290211889">If pbotons weren't
confusing
enough...just
as Williams
proposed a
quantum number
for energy,
these
researchers
are proposing
a quantum
number for
angular
momentum.</span></div>
<div id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5808" class="yiv7290211889"><span class="yiv7290211889"><br class="yiv7290211889">
</span></div>
<div id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_6237" class="yiv7290211889"><span id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_6238" class="yiv7290211889">The article</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_6239" class="yiv7290211889"><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.upi.com/Science_News/2016/05/17/Scientists-discover-new-form-of-light/9061463490086/" id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_6240" class="yiv7290211889">Scientists
discover new
form of light</a><br id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_6241" class="yiv7290211889">
</div>
<div dir="ltr" id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_6242" class="yiv7290211889"><br id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_6243" class="yiv7290211889">
</div>
<div id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5808" dir="ltr" class="yiv7290211889"><span id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_6193" style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);font-family:Roboto;" class="yiv7290211889">"The
newly
discovered
form of light,
however,
features
photons with
an angular
momentum of
just half the
value of
Planck's
constant. The
difference
sounds small,
but
researchers
say the
significance
of the
discovery is
great.'</span><span class="yiv7290211889"><br class="yiv7290211889">
</span></div>
<div id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5808" class="yiv7290211889"><span class="yiv7290211889"><br class="yiv7290211889">
</span></div>
<div id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5808" class="yiv7290211889">The
paper<br class="yiv7290211889">
</div>
<div id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5825" dir="ltr" class="yiv7290211889"><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://advances.sciencemag.org/content/2/4/e1501748.full" id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5937" class="yiv7290211889ecxenhancr2_bf135610-f16d-2671-d86c-6194a194d730">There
are many ways
to spin a
photon:
Half-quantization
of a total
optical
angular
momentum |
Science
Advances</a><br class="yiv7290211889">
</div>
<div id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5946" class="yiv7290211889"><br class="yiv7290211889">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxqtdSeparateBR" id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5807">Best</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxqtdSeparateBR" id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5807"><br class="yiv7290211889">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxqtdSeparateBR" id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5807">David</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxqtdSeparateBR" id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5807"><br class="yiv7290211889">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyahoo_quoted" id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5860" style="display:block;">
<blockquote id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5859" style="border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(16, 16, 255);padding-left:5px;" class="yiv7290211889">
<div id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5858" style="font-family:HelveticaNeue, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif;font-size:16px;" class="yiv7290211889">
<div id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5857" style="font-family:HelveticaNeue, 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, 'Lucida Grande', sans-serif;font-size:16px;" class="yiv7290211889">
<div dir="ltr" id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5862" class="yiv7290211889"><font id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5983" class="yiv7290211889" face="Arial" size="2">
<hr class="yiv7290211889" size="1"><b class="yiv7290211889"><span style="font-weight:bold;" class="yiv7290211889">From:</span></b><span class="yiv7290211889Apple-converted-space"> </span>Richard
Gauthier <<a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com" target="_blank" href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com"></a><a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com" target="_blank" href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com">richgauthier@gmail.com</a>><br class="yiv7290211889">
<b class="yiv7290211889"><span style="font-weight:bold;" class="yiv7290211889">To:</span></b><span class="yiv7290211889Apple-converted-space"> </span>Nature
of Light and
Particles -
General
Discussion
<<a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org" target="_blank" href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"></a><a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org" target="_blank" href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a>><span class="yiv7290211889Apple-converted-space"> </span><br class="yiv7290211889">
<b class="yiv7290211889"><span style="font-weight:bold;" class="yiv7290211889">Cc:</span></b><span class="yiv7290211889Apple-converted-space"> </span>Alexander
Burinskii <<a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:bur@ibrae.ac.ru" target="_blank" href="mailto:bur@ibrae.ac.ru"></a><a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:bur@ibrae.ac.ru" target="_blank" href="mailto:bur@ibrae.ac.ru">bur@ibrae.ac.ru</a>><br class="yiv7290211889">
<b class="yiv7290211889"><span style="font-weight:bold;" class="yiv7290211889">Sent:</span></b><span class="yiv7290211889Apple-converted-space"> </span>Saturday,
May 14, 2016
12:30 AM<br class="yiv7290211889">
<b id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_6278" class="yiv7290211889"><span id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_6277" style="font-weight:bold;" class="yiv7290211889">Subject:</span></b><span class="yiv7290211889Apple-converted-space"> </span>Re: [General] inertia<br class="yiv7290211889">
</font></div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxy_msg_container" id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5856"><br class="yiv7290211889">
<div id="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" class="yiv7290211889">
<div id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5855" class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5861">Hello Chandra and all,</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" id="yiv7290211889ecxyui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1463518019710_5854"> This is very good news.
I’ve been
reading
several of
Alexander
Burinskii’s
recent (2015
and 2016)
published
papers on his
Kerr-Newman
bag model of
the electron
(2 pdf’s
attached). His
approach
integrates
black-hole
gravitational
theory, Higgs
theory and
electromagnetism
to produce a
internally-light-speed
model of the
electron with
radius
hbar/2mc like
John W and
Martin’s,
Chip’s,
Vivian’s and
my
double-looping-photon
electron
models.
Alexander's
electron model
is
energetically
stable,
contains a
circulating
light-speed
singularity (a
photon?) in
addition to an
electromagnetic wave circling along its outer rim along a circular
gravitational
string, has
g=2 (Dirac
magnetic
moment of
magnitude 1
Bohr
magneton), is
a fermion and
carries the
electron’s
charge. I
think
Alexander’s
electron model
has much to
offer, coming
from a
different
perspective
than much of
our group’s
electron
modeling. I
request
Alexander to
give us a
summary of the
key features
(and perhaps a
brief history)
of his
electron
model,
emphasizing
the nature of
its stability
(an important
issue in
circling-photon
electron
models.) I
hope that this
will stimulate
a critical
discussion of
his approach
in comparison
with our
various
approaches to
electron
modeling,
which could
lead to better
light-speed-based electron models coming up to the next SPIE “What are
photons”
conference in
San Diego in
August 2017.</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326yqt7623502451" id="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326yqtfd01392">
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">
Richard </div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326"><br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326"><br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<br class="yiv7290211889">
<br class="yiv7290211889">
<div id="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889"><br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
<div class="yiv7290211889">
<blockquote class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">On
May 12, 2016,
at 6:12 PM,
Roychoudhuri,
Chandra <<a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:chandra.roychoudhuri@uconn.edu" target="_blank" href="mailto:chandra.roychoudhuri@uconn.edu"></a><a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:chandra.roychoudhuri@uconn.edu" target="_blank" href="mailto:chandra.roychoudhuri@uconn.edu">chandra.roychoudhuri@uconn.edu</a>>
wrote:</div>
<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326Apple-interchange-newline" clear="none">
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889">
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" style="word-wrap:break-word;">
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">I
will request
Burinskii to
participate in
our next
conference. </div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">Chandra. </div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326"><br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326"><br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326"><br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" id="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326composer_signature">
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" style="font-size:14px;color:rgb(87, 87, 87);">Sent via the Samsung
Galaxy S® 5
ACTIVE™, an
AT&T 4G
LTE smartphone</div>
</div>
<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
--------
Original
message
--------<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
From: Richard
Gauthier <<a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com" target="_blank" href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com"></a><a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com" target="_blank" href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com">richgauthier@gmail.com</a>><span class="yiv7290211889Apple-converted-space"> </span><br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
Date:
5/12/2016 2:09
AM (GMT-05:00)<span class="yiv7290211889Apple-converted-space"> </span><br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
To: Nature of
Light and
Particles -
General
Discussion
<<a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org" target="_blank" href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"></a><a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org" target="_blank" href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a>><span class="yiv7290211889Apple-converted-space"> </span><br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
Cc: Alexander
Burinskii <<a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:bur@ibrae.ac.ru" target="_blank" href="mailto:bur@ibrae.ac.ru"></a><a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:bur@ibrae.ac.ru" target="_blank" href="mailto:bur@ibrae.ac.ru">bur@ibrae.ac.ru</a>><span class="yiv7290211889Apple-converted-space"> </span><br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
Subject: Re:
[General]
inertia<span class="yiv7290211889Apple-converted-space"> </span><br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">Dear
John W,
Martin,
Chandra,
Vivian,
Andrew, John
M, Chip,
Albrecht,
Hodge and
others,</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326"><br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">
I am in
contact with
the Russian
physicist and
academician
Alexander
Burinskii
(arXiv page of
his articles
at<a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-freetext" target="_blank" href="http://arxiv.org/find/all/1/all:+AND+Alexander+Burinskii/0/1/0/all/0/1"></a><a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-freetext" target="_blank" href="http://arxiv.org/find/all/1/all:+AND+Alexander+Burinskii/0/1/0/all/0/1">http://arxiv.org/find/all/1/all:+AND+Alexander+Burinskii/0/1/0/all/0/1</a> ,
biography at<a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-freetext" target="_blank" href="http://www.scirp.org/journal/DetailedInforOfEditorialBoard.aspx?personID=10183"></a><a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-freetext" target="_blank" href="http://www.scirp.org/journal/DetailedInforOfEditorialBoard.aspx?personID=10183">http://www.scirp.org/journal/DetailedInforOfEditorialBoard.aspx?personID=10183</a> ),
who has
written a very
interesting
article on
arXiv:
“Gravity vs.
quantum
theory: Is the
electron
really
pointlike?”
at <a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-freetext" target="_blank" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1112.0225"></a><a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-freetext" target="_blank" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1112.0225">http://arxiv.org/abs/1112.0225</a> .
He draws on
the
interesting
resemblance of
Kerr-Newman
gravity
formulations
to the
properties of
the Dirac
electron as a
light-speed
particle that
can only be
measured at
sub-light
speeds. Here’s
part of the
abstract:</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326"><br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326"><span class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" style="font-family:'Lucida Grande', helvetica, arial, verdana, sans-serif;font-size:14px;background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255);">"Contrary
to the
widespread
opinion that
gravity plays
essential role
only on the
Planck scales,
the
Kerr-Newman
gravity
displays a new
dimensional
parameter </span><span class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326MathJax_Preview" style="color:rgb(136, 136, 136);font-family:'Lucida Grande', helvetica, arial, verdana, sans-serif;font-size:14px;"></span><span class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326MathJax" id="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326MathJax-Element-5-Frame" style="display:inline;font-size:14px;word-wrap:normal;white-space:nowrap;direction:ltr;max-width:none;max-height:none;min-width:0px;min-height:0px;border:0px;padding:0px;font-family:'Lucida Grande', helvetica, arial, verdana, sans-serif;"><span class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326math" id="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326MathJax-Span-30" style="display:inline-block;border:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:0px;width:5.722em;"><span class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" style="display:inline-block;border:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:0px;width:4.788em;height:0px;font-size:17px;"><span class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" style="border:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:0px;"><span class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326mrow" id="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326MathJax-Span-31" style="display:inline;border:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:0px;"><span class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326mi" id="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326MathJax-Span-32" style="display:inline;border:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:0px;font-family:STIXGeneral-Italic;">a</span><span class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326mo" id="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326MathJax-Span-33" style="display:inline;border:0px;padding:0px 0px 0px 0.295em;vertical-align:0px;font-family:STIXGeneral-Regular;">=</span><span class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326mi" id="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326MathJax-Span-34" style="display:inline;border:0px;padding:0px 0px 0px 0.295em;vertical-align:0px;font-family:STIXVariants;">ℏ</span><span class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326texatom" id="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326MathJax-Span-35" style="display:inline;border:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:0px;"><span class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326mrow" id="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326MathJax-Span-36" style="display:inline;border:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:0px;"><span class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326mo" id="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326MathJax-Span-37" style="display:inline;border:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:0px;font-family:STIXGeneral-Regular;">/</span></span></span><span class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326mo" id="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326MathJax-Span-38" style="display:inline;border:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:0px;font-family:STIXGeneral-Regular;">(</span><span class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326mn" id="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326MathJax-Span-39" style="display:inline;border:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:0px;font-family:STIXGeneral-Regular;">2</span><span class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326mi" id="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326MathJax-Span-40" style="display:inline;border:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:0px;font-family:STIXGeneral-Italic;">m</span><span class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326mo" id="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326MathJax-Span-41" style="display:inline;border:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:0px;font-family:STIXGeneral-Regular;">)</span><span class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326mo" id="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326MathJax-Span-42" style="display:inline;border:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:0px;font-family:STIXGeneral-Regular;">,</span></span><span class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" style="display:inline-block;border:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:0px;width:0px;height:2.512em;"></span></span></span><span class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" style="display:inline-block;border-width:0px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px;vertical-align:-0.274em;overflow:hidden;width:0px;height:1.184em;"></span></span></span><span class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" style="font-family:'Lucida Grande', helvetica, arial, verdana, sans-serif;font-size:14px;background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255);"> which
for parameters
of an electron
corresponds to
the Compton
wavelength and
turns out to
be very far
from the
Planck scale.
Extremely
large spin of
the electron
with respect
to its mass
produces the
Kerr geometry
without
horizon, which
displays very
essential
topological
changes at the
Compton
distance
resulting in a
two-fold
structure of
the electron
background.
The
corresponding
gravitational
and
electromagnetic
fields of the
electron are
concentrated
near the Kerr
ring, forming
a sort of a
closed string,
structure of
which is close
to the
described by
Sen heterotic
string. The
indicated by
Gravity
stringlike
structure of
the electron
contradicts to
the statements
of Quantum
theory that
electron is
pointlike and
structureless.
However, it
confirms the
peculiar role
of the Compton
zone of the
"dressed"
electron and
matches with
the known
limit of the
localization
of the Dirac
electron." </span></div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326"><span class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" style="font-family:'Lucida Grande', helvetica, arial, verdana, sans-serif;font-size:14px;background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
</span></div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">
I think that
there some
potential for
Alexander
Burinskii's
Kerr-Newman
gravity
approach to
the electron
and the
various
double-looping
photon models
of the
electron to
find some
common ground
which may
benefit both
approaches to
modeling the
electron. In
particular the
centripetal
force of 0.424
N causing a
photon of
energy 0.511
MeV to move in
a closed
double-looping
trajectory of
radius
Ro=hbar/2mc in
a resting
electron model
could be
related to the
gravitational
and
electromagnetic
fields and
gravity
stringlike
structure of
the
Kerr-Newman
electron
model. </div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">
Richard</div>
<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">
<blockquote class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">On
May 9, 2016,
at 4:37 AM,
Albrecht Giese
<<a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de" target="_blank" href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de"></a><a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de" target="_blank" href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de">genmail@a-giese.de</a>>
wrote:</div>
<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326Apple-interchange-newline" clear="none">
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326moz-cite-prefix">Hello
Richard,<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
it is true
that we do not
know
everything in
physics
(otherwise
there would be
no reason for
further
research).
However, many
facts and
rules are
understood,
and I do not
see a good
reason to go
behind this
knowledge.<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
From my
2-particle
model it
follows for
leptons and
for quarks
that there is
E = h*ny. The
frequency is
the
circulation,
the energy
follows from
the mass which
the model
yields, when
using E =
m*c^2. This
latter
relation also
follows from
this model. (I
have presented
all this in
San Diego; it
was also
discussed here
earlier as I
remember; and
it is on my
web site "The
Origin of
Mass". Of
course I can
explain it
here again if
there is a
demand.)<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
As these
relations
obviously also
apply to the
photon, it
seems very
plausible that
the photon has
a similar
structure like
a lepton and a
quark. The
rules apply if
c is inserted
for the speed.
This also
leads to
p=h*ny/c.<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
And which
further
details do we
know about the
photon? It
must have an
extension as
it has a spin
which is
physically not
possible
without an
extension. And
it must have
charges as it
reacts with an
electric field
which is
otherwise not
explainable.
There must be
at least two
charges, a
positive and a
negative one,
as the photon
as a whole is
neutral. The
spin is twice
the one of a
lepton or a
quark, this
may be an
indication
that the
photon is
built by 4
sub-particles
rather than 2
of the kind
which I have
described.<span class="yiv7290211889Apple-converted-space"> </span><br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
So, if the
photon has
positive and
negative
charges, which
means that it
has
sub-particles
with positive
and negative
charges, it is
quite
plausible that
the photon can
decompose into
a positive and
a negative
elementary
particle, so
into a
positron and
an electron.<span class="yiv7290211889Apple-converted-space"> </span><br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
(You may call
this
speculative.
But it has
some strongly
plausible
aspects which
I am missing
in the other
models
presented
here.)<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
The curling-up
which you have
mentioned has
an orbital
component. To
move on an
orbit needs
some physical
conditions.
E.g. an
influence
which causes
the
acceleration
to its center.
This should be
physically
explained.<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
The conflict
between the
necessary
Higgs field
and the vacuum
field in the
universe is
treated in the
article of
F.J. Tipler in<span class="yiv7290211889Apple-converted-space"> </span><br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
<span class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326st"><em class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">arXiv</em>:<em class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">astro</em>-<em class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">ph</em>/<em class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">0111520v1
.<span class="yiv7290211889Apple-converted-space"> </span></em>It
is well known
by particle
physicists I
have at
conferences
here<span class="yiv7290211889Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326st">asked<span class="yiv7290211889Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326st">several times the presenters of the Higgs
model for this
discrepancy.
They have
always
admitted that
this conflict
exists, but
some have
tried to blame
the
astronomers
for it. No one
ever has
presented a
solution for
the conflict.<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
Albrecht</span><br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
Am 07.05.2016
um 23:32
schrieb
Richard
Gauthier:<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
</div>
<blockquote class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">Hello
Albrecht,</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326"><br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">
Thank your
for your
further
comments and
questions.</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326"><br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">
Your are
asking me why
photons have
momentum
p=hv/c .
That’s like
asking why
photons have
energy E=hv .
In physics
nobody knows
“why” anything
happens.
“Why?”
questions
always lead
back to a big
unknown.
Physicists
observe nature
qualitatively
and
quantitatively
and search for
cause-effect
relations,
equations,
theoretical
models and
symmetry
relations that
work ("save
the
appearances"),
and lead to
further and
better (more
accurate)
physical
predictions
that often
lead to
practical
applications
and hopefully
deeper
“understanding”
of physical
phenomena.</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326"><br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">
You ask why
a spin-1/2
photon curls
up. You could
just as well
ask why a
spin-1 photon
doesn’t curl
up, since it
has spin. (My
transluminal
energy quantum
model of a
spin-1 photon
at<a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-freetext" target="_blank" href="https://www.academia.edu/4429810/Transluminal_Energy_Quantum_Models_of_the_Photon_and_the_Electron"></a><a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-freetext" target="_blank" href="https://www.academia.edu/4429810/Transluminal_Energy_Quantum_Models_of_the_Photon_and_the_Electron">https://www.academia.edu/4429810/Transluminal_Energy_Quantum_Models_of_the_Photon_and_the_Electron</a><span class="yiv7290211889Apple-converted-space"> </span> is a helical model that is
consistent
with both a
photon's
spin-1 hbar
and its
forward linear
momentum
p=h/lambda). </div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326"><br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">
Your own
comments on
the possible
nature and
make-up of
photons are
extremely
speculative to
say the least.
You have no
photon model
at all. There
is zero
experimental
evidence that
a photon is
composite. You
should at
least try to
show how a
sufficiently
energetic
photon leads
to your
electron model
in
electron-positron
pair
production.</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326"><br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">
You claim
that
astronomers
deny the
existence of a
Higgs field
strong enough
to explain
noticeable
forces in
elementary
particles.
That is a
blanket
statement that
needs
supporting
evidence.
Please support
your claim
here with
sources. It’s
like claiming
that
“scientists
say”. Thanks.</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326"><br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">
Richard</div>
<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">
<blockquote class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">On
May 7, 2016,
at 10:23 AM,
Albrecht Giese
<<a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de" target="_blank" href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de"></a><a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-abbreviated" ymailto="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de" target="_blank" href="mailto:genmail@a-giese.de">genmail@a-giese.de</a>>
wrote:</div>
<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326Apple-interchange-newline" clear="none">
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326moz-cite-prefix" style="font-family:Helvetica;font-size:12px;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;line-height:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255);">Hello
Richard,<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
thank you for
your mail. I
still have
questions to
your
explanations:<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
To para 1):<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
According to
you
explanations
the circular
motion is
mainly
achieved by
the fact that
the particles
are "curling
up". Which
physical law
do you have in
mind that
causes them to
curl up? What
are the
quantitative
consequences?
- You say that
there is a
"configurational"
force which
controls the
internal
motion of an
electron and a
positron. You
assume that
this may come
from the Higgs
field. I think
that this is
highly
speculative as
astronomers
deny the
existence of a
Higgs field
which is
strong enough
to be an
explanation
for noticeable
forces in
elementary
particles.<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
To para 2):<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
The momentum
of a photon is
h<span class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" style="font-family:Symbol;">*n</span><span class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326Apple-converted-space"> </span>y/c,
true. But what
is the
physical
mechanism
causing this
momentum?
Still not
answered.<span class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326Apple-converted-space"> </span><br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
I believe that
my mass
mechanism is
applicable to
the photon.
The photon has
an extension,
so it has
inertia by the
standard
mechanism for
extended
objects. And
in addition I
think that the
photon may be
composed by
the same
sub-particles
("basic
particles")
like leptons
and quarks.
The question
still open for
me is, why the
photon moves
steadily with
c. An
explanation
may be that it
moves always
into a certain
direction with
respect to its
internal set
up. On the
other hand,
the fact that
the rest mass
of the photon
is zero is
nothing more
than a
mathematical
result. Was
never
measured.<span class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326Apple-converted-space"> </span><br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
Albrecht<span class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326Apple-converted-space"> </span><br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
Am Sat, 30 Apr
2016 um
17:22:00
schrieb
Richard
Gauthier:<br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
</div>
<blockquote class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" style="font-family:Helvetica;font-size:12px;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;line-height:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px;background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255);">
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326moz-forward-container">
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">Hello
Albrecht,</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">
<span class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326Apple-converted-space"> </span>Thank
you for your
two thoughtful
questions.</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326"><br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">To
try to answer
them:</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326"><br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">1)
I think it is
an incorrect
assumption
that only a
second
electric
charge or a
corresponding
permanent
field can
cause a
spin-1/2
charged photon
to move in a
circular or
helical
configuration.
Have you
considered
other possible
explanations?
One I have
considered, in
the context of
e-p
production, is
that two
uncharged
spin-1/2
photons of are
formed in the
process of
electron-positron
pair
production
from a spin-1
photon of
sufficient
energy
(greater than
1.022 MeV). At
first the two
uncharged
spin-1/2
photons both
move forward
together in a
kind of
unstable
equilibrium.
One has a
negative
charge
potentiality
and the other
has a positive
charge
potentiality,
yet both are
still neutral.
These two
uncharged
spin-1/2
photons can
either then
unite with
each other to
form a spin-1
photon, or
they can
separate in
the presence
of a nearby
charged
nucleus and
each curl up,
gaining
negative and
positive
charge
respectively,
as well as
rest mass
Eo/c^2, and
slowing down
(as they
become an
electron and
positron) to
less than
light-speed as
they curl up.
(Internally
these spin-1/2
charged
photons
maintain
light-speed c
in their
forward
direction, but
their
curled-up
configurations
as a electron
and a positron
have v < c
.) Once they
are both fully
curled up to
form a fully
charged
electron and
positron, they
continue to
move apart.
Now they each
have a stable
internal
equilibrium
(because of
conservation
of electric
charge) and
they cannot
individually
unroll (except
perhaps
virtually) to
become an
uncharged
spin-1/2
photon, and so
they remain a
stable
electron and a
stable
positron.
Their own
charged
curled-up
stable
equilibrium
maintains them
in their
curled-up
configurations,
supplying the
necessary
configurational
force that
maintains
their
circulating
motion to form
an electron or
a positron.
This
configurational
force that
maintains each
of them curled
up would be a
non-electrical
force. Perhaps
this
configurational
force that
maintains the
electron and
the positron
curled up with
rest mass and
moving at less
than
light-speed c,
comes from the
Higgs field.</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">
<span class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326Apple-converted-space"> </span>When
an electron
and positron
meet, they may
first form a
positronium
atom. Then
they both
uncurl and
unite to form
an unstable
neutral
particle which
decays
immediately
into two or
three spin-1
photons, in
the process of
electron-positron annihilation.</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326"><br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">2)
Why does the
spin-1/2
charged photon
have momentum?
you ask. It
is because it
is a photon
with momentum
hv/c . My
model of the
spin-1/2
charged photon
is similar to
my internally
transluminal
model of an
uncharged
photon, except
that the
spin-1/2
charged photon
makes two
helical loops
instead of one
per photon
wavelength,
and the
spin-1/2
charged photon
model's
helical radius
is 1/2 that of
the helical
radius of a
spin-1 photon
model , being
R=lambda/4pi
instead of
lambda/2 pi.
The uncurled
transluminal
spin-1/2
uncharged
photon model
curls up
nicely into a
curled-up
double-looping
spin-1/2
charged photon
model of an
electron. You
can read about
my
superluminal
uncharged
photon model
at <a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-freetext" target="_blank" href="https://www.academia.edu/4429810/Transluminal_Energy_Quantum_Models_of_the_Photon_and_the_Electron"></a><a rel="nofollow" class="yiv7290211889moz-txt-link-freetext" target="_blank" href="https://www.academia.edu/4429810/Transluminal_Energy_Quantum_Models_of_the_Photon_and_the_Electron">https://www.academia.edu/4429810/Transluminal_Energy_Quantum_Models_of_the_Photon_and_the_Electron</a> or
I can e-mail
you a copy. I
have only
talked about
my current
model of the
superluminal
spin-1/2
charged photon
on the “Nature
of Light and
Particles”
e-list during
the past year.</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326"><br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">I
hope these
possible
explanations
of the
spin-1/2
charged-photon
model are
helpful. I
don’t think
that you have
a photon model
yet that is
consistent
with your
two-particle
electron
model, in
terms of e-p
production and
e-p
annihilation.</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326"><br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
</div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326">The
figure below,
which I
included in
this e-list
some months
ago, shows a
curled-up spin
1/2 charged
photon forming
a resting
electron (top
graphic) and
at different
increasing
relativistic
speeds (lower
graphics). The
green line is
the
double-looping
helical
trajectory of
the
circulating
charged photon
forming the
electron,
while the red
line is the
trajectory of
the
superluminal
energy quantum
of the
spin-1/2
photon model.
The
superluminal
energy quantum
in the resting
electron moves
on the surface
of a
mathematical
horn torus. As
the speed v of
the electron
model
increases, the
radius of the
green helical
trajectory
decreases as
1/gamma^2 ,
while the
radius of the
red trajectory
of the
superluminal
quantum
decreases as
1/gamma. </div>
<div class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326"><br class="yiv7290211889ecxyiv2438876326" clear="none">
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