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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'>Hi Grahame<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'>You Said…<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:navy'>I'd also again put out a plea to anyone who can give me a compelling reason (if there is one) why 'confinement' of an electron-forming photon cannot be as a result of self-interference across the interior of such a structure (as per the attachment with my last mailing).</span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'>I must have missed this attachment. I have searched the email thread and can’t find it. Could you send it to me again? (<a href="mailto:chipakins@gmail.com">chipakins@gmail.com</a>)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'>I am quite interested in seeing this.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'>So far my work on the force of confinement has led me to the following assumptions:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMathPara><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>F</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>c</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>= </m:r></span><m:f><m:fPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> ħ </m:r><m:r><i>c</i></m:r></span></m:num><m:den><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> </m:r></span><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></m:sup></m:sSup></m:den></m:f><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty 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style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>m</m:r></span></i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> </m:r></span><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>c</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></m:sup></m:sSup></m:num><m:den><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>= </m:r></span><m:f><m:fPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:d><m:dPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:dPr><m:e><m:f><m:fPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>E</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>c</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></m:sup></m:sSup></m:den></m:f></m:e></m:d><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> </m:r></span><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>c</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></m:sup></m:sSup><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> </m:r></span></m:num><m:den><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f></m:oMath></m:oMathPara><![endif]--><![if !msEquation]><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><img width=250 height=48 id="_x0000_i1025" src="cid:image002.png@01D1E522.3981ED40"></span><![endif]><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMathPara><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>F</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>c</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>=</m:r></span><m:f><m:fPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>E</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>= </m:r></span><m:f><m:fPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> </m:r><m:r><i>Q</i></m:r></span></m:e><m:sub><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>p</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:e><m:sup><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></m:sup></m:sSup></m:num><m:den><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>4</m:r><m:r><i>π</i></m:r><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> </m:r></span><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>ε</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>0</m:r></span></m:sub></m:sSub><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> </m:r></span><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></m:sup></m:sSup></m:den></m:f><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>=</m:r></span><m:f><m:fPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> 4</m:r><m:r><i>π</i></m:r><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> </m:r></span><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>ε</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>0</m:r></span></m:sub></m:sSub><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>ħ </m:r><m:r><i>c</i></m:r></span></m:num><m:den><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>4</m:r><m:r><i>π</i></m:r><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> </m:r></span><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>ε</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>0</m:r></span></m:sub></m:sSub><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> </m:r></span><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></m:sup></m:sSup></m:den></m:f><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>= </m:r></span><m:f><m:fPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>S</m:r></span></i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> ħ </m:r><m:r><i>c</i></m:r></span></m:num><m:den><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></m:sup></m:sSup></m:den></m:f></m:oMath></m:oMathPara><![endif]--><![if !msEquation]><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><img width=267 height=45 id="_x0000_i1025" src="cid:image004.png@01D1E522.3981ED40"></span><![endif]><span style='font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMathPara><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>F</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>c</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>= </m:r></span><m:f><m:fPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>L</m:r></span></i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> </m:r><m:r><i>c</i></m:r></span></m:num><m:den><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></m:sup></m:sSup></m:den></m:f><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>=</m:r></span><m:f><m:fPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>E</m:r></span></i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> </m:r><m:r><i>r</i></m:r><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> </m:r></span><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>ω</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></m:sup></m:sSup></m:num><m:den><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>c</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></m:sup></m:sSup></m:den></m:f></m:oMath></m:oMathPara><![endif]--><![if !msEquation]><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><img width=122 height=37 id="_x0000_i1025" src="cid:image006.png@01D1E522.3981ED40"></span><![endif]><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'>For spin ½ ħ… <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMathPara><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>F</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>c</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>=</m:r></span><m:f><m:fPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>m</m:r></span></i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> </m:r></span><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>c</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></m:sup></m:sSup></m:num><m:den><m:d><m:dPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:dPr><m:e><m:f><m:fPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>λ</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>4</m:r><m:r><i>π</i></m:r></span></m:den></m:f></m:e></m:d></m:den></m:f><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>=</m:r></span><m:f><m:fPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>m</m:r></span></i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> 4</m:r><m:r><i>π</i></m:r><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> </m:r></span><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>c</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></m:sup></m:sSup></m:num><m:den><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>λ</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>= </m:r></span><m:f><m:fPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>E</m:r></span></i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> 4</m:r><m:r><i>π</i></m:r><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> </m:r></span><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>c</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></m:sup></m:sSup></m:num><m:den><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>λ</m:r></span></i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> </m:r></span><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>c</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></m:sup></m:sSup></m:den></m:f><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>=</m:r></span><m:f><m:fPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>E</m:r></span></i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> 4</m:r><m:r><i>π</i></m:r><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> </m:r></span></m:num><m:den><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>λ</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f></m:oMath></m:oMathPara><![endif]--><![if !msEquation]><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><img width=270 height=54 id="_x0000_i1025" src="cid:image008.png@01D1E522.3981ED40"></span><![endif]><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><b> </b>Where S is the Spin mode 1 or ½, L is spin angular momentum, Fc is the confinement force, and the rest of the variables are of normal usage.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><o:p> </o:p></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b>Planck Charge</b><b><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMathPara><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>Q</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>p</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>= </m:r></span><m:rad><m:radPr><m:degHide m:val="on"/><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:radPr><m:deg></m:deg><m:e><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>4</m:r><m:r><i>π</i></m:r><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> </m:r></span><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>ε</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>0</m:r></span></m:sub></m:sSub><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> ħ </m:r><m:r><i>c</i></m:r></span></m:e></m:rad><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r> </m:r></span></i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>= </m:r></span><m:rad><m:radPr><m:degHide m:val="on"/><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:radPr><m:deg></m:deg><m:e><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r><m:r><i>π</i></m:r><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> </m:r></span><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>ε</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>0</m:r></span></m:sub></m:sSub><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> h </m:r><m:r><i>c</i></m:r></span></m:e></m:rad></m:oMath></m:oMathPara><![endif]--><![if !msEquation]><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><img width=209 height=25 id="_x0000_i1025" src="cid:image010.png@01D1E522.3981ED40"></span><![endif]><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt'>This work has also led me to believe that…</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><b>Planck’s constant</b><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMathPara><m:oMath><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>h</m:r></span></i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>=2π </m:r><m:r><i>c</i></m:r><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> </m:r></span><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>Q</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>p</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:e><m:sup><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></m:sup></m:sSup><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> </m:r></span><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>10</m:r></span></m:e><m:sup><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>-</m:r><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>7</m:r></span></m:sup></m:sSup></m:oMath></m:oMathPara><![endif]--><![if !msEquation]><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><img width=126 height=22 id="_x0000_i1025" src="cid:image012.png@01D1E522.3981ED40"></span><![endif]><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><b>Reduced Planck’s constant</b><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMathPara><m:oMath><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>ħ</m:r></span></i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>=</m:r><m:r><i>c</i></m:r><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> </m:r></span><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>Q</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>p</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:e><m:sup><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>2</m:r></span></m:sup></m:sSup><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> </m:r></span><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>10</m:r></span></m:e><m:sup><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>-</m:r><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>7</m:r></span></m:sup></m:sSup></m:oMath></m:oMathPara><![endif]--><![if !msEquation]><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><img width=103 height=22 id="_x0000_i1025" src="cid:image027.png@01D1E522.3981ED40"></span><![endif]><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><b>The fine structure constant<o:p></o:p></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMathPara><m:oMath><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>α</m:r><m:r>=</m:r></span></i><m:f><m:fPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>e</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:num><m:den><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>2 h </m:r><m:r>c</m:r><m:r> </m:r></span></i><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>ε</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>0</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:den></m:f><i><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>=</m:r></span></i><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r> </m:r></span></i><m:f><m:fPr><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>F</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>e</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:num><m:den><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>F</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>c</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:den></m:f></m:oMath></m:oMathPara><![endif]--><![if !msEquation]><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><img width=119 height=42 id="_x0000_i1025" src="cid:image029.png@01D1E522.3981ED40"></span><![endif]><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><b>Force of electric charge</b><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMathPara><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>F</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>e</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>=</m:r></span></i><m:f><m:fPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>e</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:num><m:den><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>4</m:r><m:r>π</m:r><m:r> </m:r></span></i><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>ε</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>0</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r> </m:r></span></i><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:den></m:f><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>=</m:r></span></i><m:f><m:fPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>α</m:r><m:r> h </m:r><m:r>c</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>2</m:r><m:r>π</m:r><m:r> </m:r></span></i><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:den></m:f><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>= </m:r></span></i><m:f><m:fPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>α</m:r><m:r> ħ </m:r><m:r>c</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r> </m:r></span></i><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:den></m:f><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>=</m:r></span></i><m:f><m:fPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>α</m:r><m:r> </m:r></span></i><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>E</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:num><m:den><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>ħ </m:r><m:r>c</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f></m:oMath></m:oMathPara><![endif]--><![if !msEquation]><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><img width=253 height=42 id="_x0000_i1025" src="cid:image030.png@01D1E522.3981ED40"></span><![endif]><i><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><o:p></o:p></span></i></p><p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></i></p><p class=MsoNormal><b>Force of Planck charge</b> (which is NOT an electric charge, or a fictitious charge but the stuff which holds particles together).<span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMathPara><m:oMath><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>F</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>c</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>=</m:r></span></i><m:f><m:fPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>Q</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>p</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:e><m:sup><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:num><m:den><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>4</m:r><m:r><i>π</i></m:r><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> </m:r></span><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>ε</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>0</m:r></span></m:sub></m:sSub><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r> </m:r></span></i><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:den></m:f></m:oMath></m:oMathPara><![endif]--><![if !msEquation]><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><img width=90 height=45 id="_x0000_i1025" src="cid:image031.png@01D1E522.3981ED40"></span><![endif]><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><b>Energy</b><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMathPara><m:oMath><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>E</m:r><m:r>=</m:r></span></i><m:f><m:fPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>Q</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>p</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:e><m:sup><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> 10</m:r></span></m:e><m:sup><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>-</m:r><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>7</m:r></span></m:sup></m:sSup><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r> 2</m:r><m:r>π</m:r><m:r> </m:r></span></i><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>c</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:num><m:den><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>λ</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f></m:oMath></m:oMathPara><![endif]--><![if !msEquation]><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><img width=135 height=40 id="_x0000_i1025" src="cid:image037.png@01D1E522.3981ED40"></span><![endif]><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMathPara><m:oMath><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>E</m:r><m:r>=</m:r><m:r>m</m:r><m:r> </m:r></span></i><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>c</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>=</m:r></span></i><m:f><m:fPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>m</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>ε</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>0</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r> </m:r><m:r>μ</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>0</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:den></m:f><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>=</m:r></span></i><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>F</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>c</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r> </m:r><m:r>r</m:r></span></i></m:oMath></m:oMathPara><![endif]--><![if !msEquation]><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><img width=164 height=36 id="_x0000_i1025" src="cid:image038.png@01D1E522.3981ED40"></span><![endif]><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><b>Mass</b><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMathPara><m:oMath><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>m</m:r><m:r>=</m:r></span></i><m:f><m:fPr><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>E</m:r></span></i></m:num><m:den><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>c</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sup><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup></m:den></m:f><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>=</m:r></span></i><m:f><m:fPr><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:fPr><m:num><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>2</m:r><m:r>π</m:r></span></i><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r> </m:r><m:r>Q</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>p</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:e><m:sup><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>2</m:r></span></i></m:sup></m:sSup><m:sSup><m:sSupPr><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSupPr><m:e><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> E 10</m:r></span></m:e><m:sup><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>-</m:r><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>7</m:r></span></m:sup></m:sSup></m:num><m:den><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>h</m:r><m:r> </m:r><m:r>c</m:r></span></i></m:den></m:f><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>=</m:r><m:r>E</m:r><m:r> </m:r></span></i><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>ε</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>0</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub><m:sSub><m:sSubPr><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif;font-style:italic'><m:ctrlPr></m:ctrlPr></span></m:sSubPr><m:e><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r> </m:r><m:r>μ</m:r></span></i></m:e><m:sub><i><span style='font-family:"Cambria Math",serif'><m:r>0</m:r></span></i></m:sub></m:sSub></m:oMath></m:oMathPara><![endif]--><![if !msEquation]><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><img width=237 height=40 id="_x0000_i1025" src="cid:image039.png@01D1E522.3981ED40"></span><![endif]><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'>Chip<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'> General [mailto:general-bounces+chipakins=gmail.com@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Richard Gauthier<br><b>Sent:</b> Saturday, July 23, 2016 3:05 PM<br><b>To:</b> Nature of Light and Particles - General Discussion <general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org><br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [General] double photon cycle, subjective v objective realities<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal>Hello Grahame, Chip, John W and all,<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal> I appreciate your persistence with this question about the calculated spin of electron models at relativistic energies, and also about the evidence for an experimental value of electron spin of 1/2 at high energies. The second requires a knowledgeable expert high energy physics experimenter’s answer, I think, based on the experimental evidence for this. The first needs to be resolved by people like us who don’t necessarily accept the idea of a point-like electron with intrinsic spin 1/2, but who want our electron models to match the experimental evidence about the electron as closely as possible. I believe that John W said that his latest electron model has spin 1/2 at all energies. I asked him several e-mails back if he knows this about his electron model from a spin calculation with his electron model, or by some symmetry argument. I think we would like to know that this invariant spin 1/2 result for his relativistic electron model comes from a calculation if possible. But I don’t see how John W or anyone else can start with a circling spin 1 photon to get a spin 1/2 resting electron (that part is OK for a double looping 1 Compton wavelength h/mc photon and I think we “double-loopers" are agreed about this), and also also get a spin 1/2 relativistic electron model from the same circulating spin 1 photon, for the reason that we have discussed: more and more of the spin 1 photon’s spin is in the longitudinal direction for a fast moving electron model as the speed of the electron increases towards highly relativistic velocities, so how does this relativistic circulating-spin-1-photon electron model’s spin ever fall much below 1 hbar at highly relativistic velocities?<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal> This is one reason why I think that an electron model has to be composed of a circling spin 1/2 (and charged) photon from the beginning (in the resting electron), so that this spin 1/2 of the photon model will dominate in the electron model at relativistic velocities, while the contribution to the electron model’s spin in the double-looping resting photon (which is 1/2 hbar in the resting electron) drops off (as 1/gamma^2) towards zero at relativistic electron velocities.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><p class=MsoNormal>On Jul 23, 2016, at 6:24 AM, Dr Grahame Blackwell <<a href="mailto:grahame@starweave.com">grahame@starweave.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:navy'>Hi Chip & Richard (et al.),</span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:navy'>Chip, I'd fully agree with you that the formative photon for an electron must be a circularly polarised wave (which is what I think you're describing) - a plane or elliptically polarised wave is just superposition of elements of left and right circular polarisation, that doesn't fit for me in formation of an elementary particle.</span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:navy'>I'm still a little puzzled, though, about aspects of your electron model. If radius contracts with motion at exactly the inverse of the wave frequency - which itself relates to speed as in the Relativistic Energy-Momentum Relation - this would seem to lead to a complete double-cycle completing in a moving electron in the same time from the perspective of the static observer as it does for the static electron; if an atomic clock is now placed alongside that electron, first static with it then moving with it, that atomic clock will slow down from the static observer's perspective - but the photon will take the same time to complete its double-cycle. If we now consider this scenario from the perspective of an observer moving with the electron, presumably they will see the photon completing its double-cycles as the static observer does - but they'll see the clock ticking off LESS time per double-cycle (as the static observer does) than the static observer sees for clock and electron when static. How do you reconcile this with SR? Or don't you? [I know you don't consider an elementary particle to be subject to time dilation internally - but this is a different 'observer experience' for an EXTERNAL observer.]</span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:navy'>Likewise I'm not clear how you can derive the Lorentz Transformation from this setup (as I believe you say you have)? How do you DEFINE the passage of time?</span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:navy'>Thirdly, you note that your setup conserves spin angular momentum; this is true if we only take into account the angular momentum caused by the photon's linear momentum acting cyclically - but what of the spin angular momentum of the photon itself (hbar): in the helical motion of the photon when the electron is moving, there will be a component of photon spin acting around the axis of the direction of motion of the electron. [I don't consider this a serious issue, but it seems Richard might - see below.]</span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:navy'>Richard</span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:navy'>You ask Alex and Chip whether their electron models maintain spin-1/2 at all velocities; I'd be interested to know whether you have any reference to empirical evidence that electron spin is conserved at relativistic speeds (rather than just conjecture). I'm finding it extremely difficult (as I may have said before) to envisage ANY configuration in which a photon moves helically in a moving electron in such a way that the increasing (with electron speed) component of photon spin in the electron's direction of motion at all times exactly balances the decrease (which there must be, if the books are to balance as you require) in the angular momentum conferred on the electron by the cyclic motion of the photon with its increasing linear momentum. I'm wondering, therefore, whether this is an absolute requirement for a photon-formed electro model (since it's beginning to look a bit like an impossibility!) or whether this is just supposition based on text-book stuff which may itself regard spin as inviolate for reasons that might broadly be regarded as 'dogma'?</span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:navy'>I'd also again put out a plea to anyone who can give me a compelling reason (if there is one) why 'confinement' of an electron-forming photon cannot be as a result of self-interference across the interior of such a structure (as per the attachment with my last mailing).</span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:navy'>Many thanks,</span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:navy'>Grahame</span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'>----- Original Message -----<span class=apple-converted-space> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><blockquote style='border:none;border-left:solid navy 1.5pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 4.0pt;margin-left:3.75pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.0pt;orphans: auto;text-align:start;widows: auto;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;word-spacing:0px'><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:#E4E4E4'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>From:</span></b><span class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><a href="mailto:chipakins@gmail.com" title="chipakins@gmail.com"><span style='color:purple'>Chip Akins</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>To:</span></b><span class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><a href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org" title="general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"><span style='color:purple'>'Nature of Light and Particles - General Discussion'</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>Sent:</span></b><span class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>Saturday, July 23, 2016 12:17 PM<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>Subject:</span></b><span class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'> </span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>Re: [General] double photon cycle, subjective v objective realities<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'>Hi Richard<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'>Electron:<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'>My electron model is still evolving. At this point in its development it is a wave, one Compton wavelength long, looped around twice. The radius is the wavelength divided by 4 pi. With relativistic motion the radius contracts with 1/gamma and the energy in the wave (and the momentum of the wave) increase with gamma. The spin angular momentum therefore remains ½ hbar.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'>(My view of the structure of the wave however is not the same as many interpretations of Maxwellian waves.)<span class=apple-converted-space> </span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'>Photon:<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'>In my view the photon is a rotational wave, not just a transverse planar wave. Therefore the energy distribution in my imagined photon remains constant and we just sense the electric portion and then the magnetic portion as the wave turns and travels forward. The energy in the electric field of the photon does not magically fall to zero and then reappear as energy in the magnetic field, but rather the energy in both is always constant, and rotating at the photon’s frequency. The electric and magnetic fields are perpendicular. So when we measure the effects of the wave (fields) perhaps on a wire, we see alternating electric and magnetic effects. Multiple photons, with different spin directions, phases, and slight frequency variations can then yield all forms of wave polarization we observe. Plane, circular, with apparent spin and orbital angular momentum, etc.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'>Chip<span class=apple-converted-space> </span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>From:</span></b><span class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'> </span></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>General [<a href="mailto:general-bounces+chipakins=gmail.com@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"><span style='color:purple'>mailto:general-bounces+chipakins=gmail.com@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</span></a>]<span class=apple-converted-space> </span><b>On Behalf Of<span class=apple-converted-space> </span></b>Richard Gauthier<br><b>Sent:</b><span class=apple-converted-space> </span>Friday, July 22, 2016 11:27 PM<br><b>To:</b><span class=apple-converted-space> </span>Nature of Light and Particles - General Discussion <<a href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"><span style='color:purple'>general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</span></a>><br><b>Subject:</b><span class=apple-converted-space> </span>Re: [General] double photon cycle, subjective v objective realities</span><o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'>Hello Alex and Chip, <o:p></o:p></p></div></div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'> Do your bag model of the electron and your electromagnetic model of the electron have clear predictions about the radius of your moving electron models? Does the bag model of the electron move in a helical trajectory as the electron moves relativistically, or does it move as a ring? Same for the electromagnetic model? Does it maintain its spin 1/2 hbar at all velocities of the electron model? In this forum there is a variety of views and predictions on this important topic of the energy and momentum structure of a relativistic electron, and it would be good to narrow these down as we get more and deeper insights, both from experiment and from theory. <o:p></o:p></p></div></div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'> Richard<o:p></o:p></p></div></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'> <o:p></o:p></p></div></blockquote><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;background:white'>_______________________________________________</span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'><br><span style='background:white'>If you no longer wish to receive communication from the Nature of Light and Particles General Discussion List at<span class=apple-converted-space> </span></span></span><a href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com"><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:purple;background:white'>richgauthier@gmail.com</span></a><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'><br><span style='background:white'><a href="</span></span><a href="http://lists.natureoflightandparticles.org/options.cgi/general-natureoflightandparticles.org/richgauthier%40gmail.com?unsub=1&unsubconfirm=1"><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:purple;background:white'>http://lists.natureoflightandparticles.org/options.cgi/general-natureoflightandparticles.org/richgauthier%40gmail.com?unsub=1&unsubconfirm=1</span></a><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;background:white'>"></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'><br><span style='background:white'>Click here to unsubscribe</span><br><span style='background:white'></a></span></span><o:p></o:p></p></div></blockquote></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div></body></html>