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    <p>Chandra:</p>
    <p>I must have lost the reference to Chips paper but re-read the
      attached paper on the uncertainty principle and think it is a very
      good critique and warning why not to take analogies as proofs of
      otherwise theoretical/mathematical conjectures. I especially like
      the narrow beam laser summation of two independent single slit
      experiment that leads to the double slit pattern. One would think
      this proves wave interference not quantum particle splitting is
      the physical phenomena. I myself did a reverse double slit
      experiment by shining a laser on the edges of two razor blades,
      simply looking at these with my eye made it very clear that the
      interference pattern was produced by the excitation of two linear
      antennas i.e. the sharp parallel razor edges. A similar careful
      examination of a double slit one can actually see the each side of
      each slit being excited as well. The eye when properly used is a
      marvelous instrument.</p>
    <p>In any case elevating what looks to be an empirical description
      to a fundamental law feels more like dogma than science. but what
      to do about it? I feel ike I'm watching the marvelous street
      singer who gets a few dollars outside the Metropolitan opera. Its
      not the song that makes the difference.<br>
    </p>
    <p>thanks for sending it.</p>
    <p>Wolf<br>
    </p>
    <pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">Dr. Wolfgang Baer
Research Director
Nascent Systems Inc.
tel/fax 831-659-3120/0432
E-mail <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:wolf@NascentInc.com">wolf@NascentInc.com</a></pre>
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 5/2/2017 4:14 PM, Roychoudhuri,
      Chandra wrote:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote
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        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-size:11.0pt;color:windowtext">Hi Chip: <o:p>
            </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-size:11.0pt;color:windowtext">Your ambitious
            philosophical approach, “On the Foundation of Physics”, is
            definitely impressive. I have not spend enough time to
            assess whether your approach could yield any major
            breakthrough in physics. I hope it does.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-size:11.0pt;color:windowtext"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-size:11.0pt;color:windowtext">However, as you
            are aware, I am a very “classical” thinker when it comes to
            photon. I am with Planck, the real father of quantized
            energy release. Planck’s photon always propagates as a wave
            packet within the Blackbody cavity. Based on Planck’s views,
            I have defined “Photon = h-nu” as only a transient
            quantum-brick at the moment of quantum transition.
            Immediately thereafter, the “photon-brick” emergences as a
            quasi-exponential propagating harmonic of the CTF (Complex
            Tension Field). During absorption (transition) of  “h-Nu”
            out of the “spread out” EM waves, the atomic and molecular
            quantum dipoles function as “h-nu quantum cups”. We do not
            need any quantization of the EM waves.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-size:11.0pt;color:windowtext"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-size:11.0pt;color:windowtext">I based my model
            to accommodate the ancient and modern spectrometric
            observations and also based upon my causal theory of
            spectrometers (in my book). Old classical spectrometric
            theory is non-causal as it starts with infinitely existing
            Fourier mode. Formalism of Quantum Mechanics never developed
            proper concepts (or guidelines) as to how a spectrometer
            generates certain “spectral width” as the light passes
            through a spectrometer. In fact, this one of the most
            fundamental philosophical (methodology of thinking) problem
            of quantum mechanics.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-size:11.0pt;color:windowtext"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-size:11.0pt;color:windowtext">Sincerely,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-size:11.0pt;color:windowtext">Chandra.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-size:11.0pt;color:windowtext"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-size:11.0pt;color:windowtext">PS: Apparently, at
            his thesis defense, Heisenberg was asked by Wien to explain
            the root cause behind the “resolving power limit” of a
            microscope, or a telescope, or a spectroscope. Young
            Heisenberg was totally silent! He still passed the exam to
            write his famous paper rationalizing “Indeterminacy” as a
            nature’s inherent property, rather than as a pure functional
            limit of human constructed instruments. Today, we optically
            image molecules with resolving powers thousands of time
            smaller than “Lambda/2” known by people during Heisenberg’s
            time. I have a 1978 paper criticizing this kind of thinking
            (see attached).  <o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <div>
          <div style="border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1
            1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in">
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:windowtext">From:</span></b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:windowtext">
                General
[<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="mailto:general-bounces+chandra.roychoudhuri=uconn.edu@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">mailto:general-bounces+chandra.roychoudhuri=uconn.edu@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a>]<b>On
                  Behalf Of </b>Chip Akins<br>
                <b>Sent:</b> Monday, May 01, 2017 4:31 PM<br>
                <b>To:</b> 'Nature of Light and Particles - General
                Discussion'
                <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"><general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org></a><br>
                <b>Subject:</b> Re: [General] HA: Gravity<o:p></o:p></span></p>
          </div>
        </div>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal">Hi All<o:p></o:p></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal">Found an error in some of the math. 
          Corrected version of this working draft attached.<o:p></o:p></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal">Chip<o:p></o:p></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
        <div>
          <div style="border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1
            1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in">
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:windowtext">From:</span></b><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:windowtext">
                General [<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:general-bounces+chipakins=gmail.com@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">mailto:general-bounces+chipakins=gmail.com@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a>]
                <b>On Behalf Of </b>Dr Grahame Blackwell<br>
                <b>Sent:</b> Monday, May 01, 2017 5:15 AM<br>
                <b>To:</b> Nature of Light and Particles - General
                Discussion <<a moz-do-not-send="true"
                  href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a>><br>
                <b>Subject:</b> Re: [General] HA: Gravity<o:p></o:p></span></p>
          </div>
        </div>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
        <div>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:navy">Wolf
              (et al.),</span><o:p></o:p></p>
        </div>
        <div>
          <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
        </div>
        <div>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:navy">My
              response is below your response to Albrecht's response to
              a small fragment of my earlier response to your response
              to Al.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
        </div>
        <div>
          <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
        </div>
        <div>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:navy">Regards,</span><o:p></o:p></p>
        </div>
        <div>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:navy">Grahame</span><o:p></o:p></p>
        </div>
        <blockquote style="border:none;border-left:solid navy
          1.5pt;padding:0in 0in 0in
4.0pt;margin-left:3.75pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">-----
                Original Message -----
                <o:p></o:p></span></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal" style="background:#E4E4E4"><b><span
                  style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">
                <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                  href="mailto:wolf@nascentinc.com"
                  title="wolf@nascentinc.com">Wolfgang Baer</a>
                <o:p></o:p></span></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
                  style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">To:</span></b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">
                <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:phys@a-giese.de"
                  title="phys@a-giese.de">phys@a-giese.de</a> ; <a
                  moz-do-not-send="true"
                  href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"
                  title="general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">
                  general@lists..natureoflightandparticles.org</a> ; <a
                  moz-do-not-send="true"
                  href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de"
                  title="af.kracklauer@web.de">
                  af.kracklauer@web.de</a> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
                  style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Sent:</span></b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">
                Monday, May 01, 2017 2:47 AM<o:p></o:p></span></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
                  style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Subject:</span></b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"> Re:
                [General] HA: Gravity<o:p></o:p></span></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
          </div>
          <p><o:p> </o:p></p>
          <pre>Dr. Wolfgang Baer<o:p></o:p></pre>
          <pre>Research Director<o:p></o:p></pre>
          <pre>Nascent Systems Inc.<o:p></o:p></pre>
          <pre>tel/fax 831-659-3120/0432<o:p></o:p></pre>
          <pre>E-mail <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:wolf@NascentInc.com">wolf@NascentInc.com</a><o:p></o:p></pre>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal">On 4/29/2017 12:38 PM, Albrecht Giese
              wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
            <p><u>Grahame,</u><o:p></o:p></p>
            <p>you say:  " ... <span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:navy">
                the 'effects of gravity' are in fact the consequences of
                those distributed entities ALREADY being present to some
                degree at every point in the cosmos</span> ...   "<o:p></o:p></p>
            <p>But look at the following cases: 1.) There may be two
              twin stars which orbit each other. Their distance is
              rapidly changing during an orbit. So the gravitational
              influences to their environment will change. And for this
              change I see the question justified which the propagation
              speed of this influence is. I think that your statement
              above does not cover this case, true?  2.)  An even less
              regular case: I know a colleague (professor) who has built
              and performs an experiment to determine again the
              gravitational constant. In doing this he has two massive
              objects which he moves towards each other or apart from
              each other and measures the force between them. This
              process depends on his momentary decisions, so it is
              completely irregular compared to other physical processes.
              So, also in this case, nothing is constant or even
              predetermined.<o:p></o:p></p>
          </blockquote>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal">Perhaps Grahame was thinking more of a
              Block universe were everything is already determined and
              therefore in one state determined by the initial
              conditions, actually any single description in a time
              instance. Then we are talking about events in dynamic
              states which interact with other events also in dynamic
              states and the interactions change both states.<o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:navy">No
                - Grahame is simply referring to the universal principle
                of causality*, coupled with the well-established fact
                that a massive object at one location influences, to
                some degree, the behaviour of every other massive object
                at every other location.  This makes no suppositions as
                to what might be termed a 'clockwork universe', indeed
                it permits (without supposition of any of these
                options): a totally non-deterministic universe;
                underlying causation of supposed quantum non-determinism
                (I personally regard such causation as 100% consistent
                with so-called 'wavefunction collapse'); MWI (though I
                personally have a fair degree of contempt for this
                concept); influence at a sub-quantum level of
                nonphysical universal consciousness (aka panpsychism) on
                supposedly non-deterministic quantum events - a totally
                valid scientific option which is dismissed by most
                present-day mainstream physicists on grounds that appear
                ideological rather than scientifically-based (I have yet
                to see any scientific evidence for this dogmatism).</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:navy">I
                hope that clarifies my position - and I believe that
                you'll find this position 100% consistent with the
                proposal that I have put forward regarding gravitation.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:navy">[For
                completeness I'd agree that we're talking about events
                in dynamic states which interact with other events also
                in dynamic states and the interactions change both
                states; if we're not, then we're not talking about any
                universe that I've ever lived in.]</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:navy">[*
                It's possible that there is a higher principle of
                causality, not subject to time constraints.  This
                possibility is beyond the scope of this discussion - and
                probably beyond the scope of human understanding at its
                present state of evolution.]</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:navy">Grahame</span><o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
            <p><u>Wolf,</u><o:p></o:p></p>
            <p>there was an interesting development in our understanding
              of the physics of gravity. About a hundred years ago it
              was the general opinion that gravity is the simplest and
              most fundamental force in physics. This may also have been
              the reason that gravity is a fundamental parameter in the
              definition of the Planck units. At present, however, the
              representatives of the German Einstein Institute say that
              gravity is the least understood and perhaps most
              complicated force.
              <o:p></o:p></p>
          </blockquote>
          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">Newtonian
            gravity is still pretty simple but now we have learned more
            specifically that inertia is not just an intrinsic property
            a la N's 1st Law, but perhaps the result of a vector
            potential or a side effect of other forces like your theory.<o:p></o:p></p>
          <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
            <p>The idea to connect gravity in some way to the electric
              force comes up again and again. The reason is most
              probably that both follow the dependence of range of 1/r<sup>2</sup>.
              (But this dependence can be explained geometrically if we
              assume that forces are generally mediated by exchange
              particles.) The idea of Jefimenko that there is a
              cogravitation as a kind of different charge sign to make
              it compatible with electricity is a new and severe
              assumption. I find it better not to permanently introduce
              new - an unobserved - phenomena than to try to live with
              the existing ones (= Occam's razor).
              <o:p></o:p></p>
          </blockquote>
          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><br>
            I agree and Jefimenko goes beyond adding a cross product
            force to Newton he also adds a gravitational force to the
            field since it contains energy and ends up with 5 forces.
            However Sciamma's vector potential explaining inertia is
            Jefimenko's main point.<o:p></o:p></p>
          <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
            <p>Einstein has described gravity as a geometrical
              phenomenon, changing the understanding of space and time.
              On the other hand Theodor Kaluza has irritated Einstein
              with his hint that any force in physics can be explained
              by a specific geometry of space and time. (Einstein has
              accepted that but was not happy with it.) So, why not go
              back to physics and to forces in gravity rather than using
              space-time.<o:p></o:p></p>
          </blockquote>
          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">Yes I agree.
            It is best to remember that all theories and models are
            written drawn or imagined on a background space that is both
            fixed and meaningless as anything but a structural support.
            I Found it impossible to to imagine space time warping so
            from a heuristic necessity it is simply easier to imagine
            particles and forces between them. However there is clearly
            a tendency in physics to be proud of theories that no one
            understands. 
            <o:p></o:p></p>
          <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
            <p>Regarding the instantaneous propagation of gravity: To my
              knowledge this was carefully investigated in past decades
              with the result that also gravity is limited to c. I do
              not go back to the details. Should there be new arguments
              which are not covered by the past discussions then this
              would  be a good reason to investigate this case again.
              But are there new arguments?
              <o:p></o:p></p>
          </blockquote>
          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">The fact
            that Newtonian action at a distance works and is used by
            astronomers and orbital space engineers with great success
            yet requires the speed of light to be infinite or at least
            several orders of magnitude larger than "c" has never to my
            knowledge been explained. It like the twin paradox and the
            inconsistency of the perihelion of Mercury precession is
            brought up and then ignored and brought up again by the next
            generation and then ignored.
            <o:p></o:p></p>
          <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
            <p>If we want progress in the realm of gravitation, I expect
              an answer to at least one question: what is the cause of
              the weak equivalence principle, i.e. the fact that all
              objects are having the same gravitational acceleration
              independent of their inertial mass. Newton's theory of
              gravity does not answer this, Einstein's does not answer
              it as well. Gravity has to answer it!<o:p></o:p></p>
          </blockquote>
          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt">I agree but
            does the gravitational vector potential i.e Mach's principle
            not answer this question?<o:p></o:p></p>
          <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
            <p>Albrecht<o:p></o:p></p>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
            <div>
              <p class="MsoNormal">Am 29.04.2017 um 00:28 schrieb Dr
                Grahame Blackwell:<o:p></o:p></p>
            </div>
            <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
              <div>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:navy">Wolf
                    et al,</span><o:p></o:p></p>
              </div>
              <div>
                <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
              </div>
              <div>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:navy">You
                    will note that my proposal re gravity in my
                    recently-circulated paper, as the 'extended being'
                    of spatially distributed entities that we (with our
                    limited senses) perceive as localised 'particles',
                    implicitly proposes that the 'propagation speed of
                    gravity' is in fact infinite - since there is in
                    actuality NO propagation involved, the 'effects of
                    gravity' are in fact the consequences of those
                    distributed entities ALREADY being present to some
                    degree at every point in the cosmos.  I.e.
                    'everything is everywhere', to put it in simple
                    terms; as a 'physical massive object' moves (again,
                    a simplistic term), the WHOLE of its extended being
                    moves with it and is immediately in a position to
                    manifest 'gravitational' effects of that object
                    consistent with its changed position, no matter how
                    far spatially removed (more simplistic concepts!)
                    from what we perceive as the 'massive object'
                    itself.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
              </div>
              <div>
                <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
              </div>
              <div>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:navy">This
                    points to a far deeper truth - that 'locality' and
                    'time' are both over-simplifications of deeper
                    concepts, foisted on us by an evolutionary process
                    that's more interested that we (a) breed, (b) find
                    lunch and (c) don't become lunch - than it is in us
                    fathoming the underlying principles of cosmic
                    structure.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
              </div>
              <div>
                <p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
              </div>
              <div>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:navy">Best,</span><o:p></o:p></p>
              </div>
              <div>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:navy">Grahame</span><o:p></o:p></p>
              </div>
              <blockquote style="border:none;border-left:solid navy
                1.5pt;padding:0in 0in 0in
4.0pt;margin-left:3.75pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
                <div>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">-----
                      Original Message -----
                      <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                </div>
                <div>
                  <p class="MsoNormal" style="background:#E4E4E4"><b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">
                      <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                        href="mailto:wolf@nascentinc.com"
                        title="wolf@nascentinc.com">Wolfgang Baer</a>
                      <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                </div>
                <div>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
                        style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">To:</span></b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">
                      <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                        href="mailto:af.kracklauer@web.de"
                        title="af.kracklauer@web.de">af.kracklauer@web.de</a>
                      ;
                      <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                        href="mailto:phys@a-giese.de"
                        title="phys@a-giese.de">phys@a-giese.de</a> ; <a
                        moz-do-not-send="true"
                        href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org"
title="general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">
                        general@lists..natureoflightandparticles.org</a>
                      <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                </div>
                <div>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
                        style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Sent:</span></b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">
                      Friday, April 28, 2017 11:11 PM<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                </div>
                <div>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
                        style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Subject:</span></b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"> Re:
                      [General] HA: Gravity<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                </div>
                <div>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
                </div>
                <p>Al:<o:p></o:p></p>
                <p>I'm too concerned with gravity and charge as the
                  fundamental characteristics of mater in classic
                  physics to appreciate deeper explanations until the
                  discrepancies or simpler questions have been answered.<o:p></o:p></p>
                <p>Is not Einstein's connection between gravity and
                  space time based on the use of EM wave phase
                  measurements that define space time? In other words
                  masses interact with charges and EM propagation so
                  that the definition of a meter and a second with which
                  we measure space and time are the cause of the
                  warping.<o:p></o:p></p>
                <p>Even more important for me right now is the question
                  of the speed of gravity. I now had more of a chance to
                  read Jefimenko's Gravitation and Cogravitation which
                  Al recommended, where he expands on the idea that the 
                  equations correcting Newton's look more like EM with a
                  gravitational scalar and vector potential and a Lorenz
                  like force replacing newtons.  In his chapter 20 he
                  points out that the 43 seconds of arc precession of
                  Mercury rather than being a proof of Einstein's theory
                  is actually a cause for questioning the validity of
                  Einstein's equations,  Because Gerber's formula for
                  the 43secnds was based upon planetary calculations
                  based upon Newton's Action at a distance i.e. gravity
                  goes the speed of infinity. Jefimenko points out that
                  if Newton's theory was wrong and gravity is not
                  instantaneous than if Einstein's theory explaning
                  somthing wrong (the 43sec precession) is wrong and
                  Einstein's theory coming up with 43 seconds actually
                  proves Einstein's theory is wrong. Jefimenko
                  calculates the value of the precession from his theory
                  is 14 arc sec. <o:p></o:p></p>
                <p>If gravity propagates instantly we are talking about
                  a  completely different beast than Einstein's theory,
                  and trying to explain an error that is assumed correct
                  just leads to more errors although the errors may be
                  self consistent.<o:p></o:p></p>
                <p>Wolf<o:p></o:p></p>
                <p> <o:p></o:p></p>
              </blockquote>
              <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><br>
                <br>
                <o:p></o:p></p>
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