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<DIV><FONT color=#000080 size=2 face=Arial>Dear Viv,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#000080 size=2 face=Arial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#000080 size=2 face=Arial>I'll try just once
again:</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#000080 size=2 face=Arial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#000080 size=2 face=Arial>(a) I don't believe I've heard
anyone in this group propose that there's an absolute reference point in the
cosmos. Such a suggestion would of course be meaningless without a defined
set of axes accompanying it - and even then the concept would be highly
problematic. It appears that you may be confusing this with the point that
IS at issue, since you don't appear to have addressed that point in any
way (repeated yet again under (d) below).</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#000080 size=2 face=Arial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#000080 size=2 face=Arial>(b) As far as I know, nobody in
this group takes issue with the abundance of experimental evidence showing that
the speed of light measures identically from/in every inertial reference frame;
I myself have reiterated time and time again (including most recently in my post
yesterday) that the experimental evidence precisely fits the accepted model of
SR, including the measured invariance of light speed from all such frames
(please note my use of the term 'measured'). [The fact that you feel the
need to reproduce such copious evidence in support of this point again suggests
to me that you appear to have misunderstood the absolutely fundamental point at
issue.]</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#000080 size=2 face=Arial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#000080 size=2 face=Arial>(c) Also, I agree with you 100%
- as I believe certain others in this group do also - that the cyclic-photon (or
whatever one chooses to call it) model of particle structure fully accounts for
this observed phenomenon, together with others grouped under 'Relativity'.
I've made this point myself many times, as I believe Chip has also. I
agree totally, therefore, that this structure provides for the causation of
'Relativistic' phenomena, including the invariance of the measured speed of
light (there's that 'measured' again!).</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#000080 size=2 face=Arial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#000080 size=2 face=Arial>(d) That last point actually
underlines the whole crux of the matter: (i) there is <STRONG>no need</STRONG>
for the generally accepted proposal that all inertial reference frames are
<STRONG>objectively</STRONG> equivalent; (ii) there is <STRONG>no
evidence</STRONG> to support this assertion (which is <STRONG>not</STRONG> the
same as the truism that <STRONG>measured</STRONG> speed of light in all frames
is invariant); (iii) there is <STRONG>no causation</STRONG> offered to support
that notion. <STRONG>This</STRONG> is the issue that exercises and drives
me and others who question the veracity of SR as it is generally preached: the
claim that all inertial frames are objectively symmetric does
<STRONG>not</STRONG> follow logically from the data showing that this
<STRONG>appears</STRONG> to be the case - in fact, as you yourself have noted,
that appearance is fully explained by cyclic-photon particle structure. [Just to
briefly clarify the distinction between this and "an absolute reference
point" somewhere in the cosmos: the CMB defines a unique reference frame -
but I don't think anyone would suggest that it defines a reference
point of any kind.]</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#000080 size=2 face=Arial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#000080 size=2 face=Arial>I really don't know how else to put
this. This issue does not question <STRONG>any</STRONG> of the points
you've made - it agrees with them 100% - <STRONG>apart</STRONG> from your non
sequitur (in my view) that "SR is not a good [consideration] to
challenge". Certainly SR as an observer effect is beyond question; to
claim that it should be accepted without question in its present widely-accepted
form - as an objective reality rather than a subjective experience, in relation
to frame symmetry - is in my view totally counter to the best principles of
scientific inquiry.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#000080 size=2 face=Arial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#000080 size=2 face=Arial>Viv, I really don't know how to put
this as strongly as I feel it needs to be put. All the evidence that I've
seen points to 100+ years of self-delusion by the scientific mainstream,
painting itself into a corner with unquestioning acceptance of a proposal that's
illogical, unproven, unexplained and now counter to our understanding of the
structure of material particles which renders it totally superfluous. This
is not in any way to discount the raft of evidence that you've provided - simply
to state that it has no bearing on the point I'm making. To propose
"Nothing to see here, let's consider something more worthwhile" (as you seem to
be in your last sentence) is IMO to advocate perpetuation of a
misconception that's arguably blocking our access to a potentially vast
field of new scientific discoveries. Some of those potential
discoveries could be make-or-break for the future of our species.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#000080 size=2 face=Arial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#000080 size=2 face=Arial>That's all.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#000080 size=2 face=Arial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#000080 size=2 face=Arial>Grahame</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#000080 size=2 face=Arial></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#000080 size=2 face=Arial>==========</FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style="BORDER-LEFT: #000080 2px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
<DIV
style="FONT: 10pt arial; BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; font-color: black"><B>From:</B>
<A title=viv@universephysics.com href="mailto:viv@universephysics.com">Viv
Robinson</A> </DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A
title=general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org
href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org">Nature of Light and
Particles - General Discussion</A> </DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Tuesday, November 07, 2017 9:43
PM</DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> [General] SR</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV style="MARGIN: 0px; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0)" id=bloop_customfont><FONT
face=Helvetica><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">Dear All,</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
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<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 36pt; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0)" class=MsoNormal><FONT
face=Helvetica><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">I note there are still some
concerns about Einstein’s Special Relativity (SR) theory corrections. They
were made on the basis that the speed of light is the same for all observers.
His calculations have proved to be accurate. Despite that there are different
schools of thought about SR. The “standard model”, ie, that which is accepted
by mainstream physicists, is that the SR corrections are accurate because the
speed of light is indeed constant for all observers. That is usually
accompanied by “<I>That is the way it is. We don’t need to know why</I>”.
Others suggest that SR implies an absolute reference point is required,
against which the speed of light can be measured. This is a brief attempt to
shed some light from an observer’s perspective. </SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 36pt" class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Helvetica><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">The speed of light has been measured by different
people and organizations, under different circumstances, using different
equipment at different times of the day and year. The results have been
refined to the accepted value of 2.99792458 x m/sec. (That value is now
used to define the length of a metre). This is accurate
to about 1 : 10</SPAN><SUP
style="COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); FONT-SIZE: 14px">8</SUP><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">. This can be compared to the motions of Earth based
observers relative to our surroundings, see table 1. The values are
approximate only and were taken from Wikipedia. The values for Earth rotating
and revolving about the sun came from direct observation. The others came from
Doppler redshift measurements. </SPAN></FONT></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Helvetica><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">Origin of speed<O:P></O:P></SPAN></FONT></P></TD>
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<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Helvetica><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">Speed (km/sec)<O:P></O:P></SPAN></FONT></P></TD>
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<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Helvetica><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">Speed, c<O:P></O:P></SPAN></FONT></P></TD>
<TD
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<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 1">
<TD
style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 161.35pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt"
vAlign=top width=161>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Helvetica><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">Earth equatorial
rotation<O:P></O:P></SPAN></FONT></P></TD>
<TD
style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 92.15pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt"
vAlign=top width=92>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Helvetica><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">< 0.5<O:P></O:P></SPAN></FONT></P></TD>
<TD
style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 77.95pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt"
vAlign=top width=78>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Helvetica><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">1.5 x <O:P></O:P></SPAN></FONT><SPAN
style="TEXT-INDENT: 48px; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; FONT-SIZE: 14px">10</SPAN><SUP
style="TEXT-INDENT: 48px; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica">-6</SUP></P></TD>
<TD
style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 134.65pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black ..5pt"
vAlign=top width=135>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Helvetica><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">≈
1.0000000000..<O:P></O:P></SPAN></FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 2">
<TD
style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 161.35pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt"
vAlign=top width=161>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Helvetica><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">Earth revolving around
sun<O:P></O:P></SPAN></FONT></P></TD>
<TD
style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 92.15pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt"
vAlign=top width=92>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Helvetica><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">≈
30<O:P></O:P></SPAN></FONT></P></TD>
<TD
style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 77.95pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt"
vAlign=top width=78>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Helvetica><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">1
x 10<O:P></O:P></SPAN></FONT><SPAN
style="TEXT-INDENT: 48px; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; FONT-SIZE: 14px">10</SPAN><SUP
style="TEXT-INDENT: 48px; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica">-4</SUP></P></TD>
<TD
style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 134.65pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black ..5pt"
vAlign=top width=135>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Helvetica><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">≈
1.00000002<O:P></O:P></SPAN></FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 3">
<TD
style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 161.35pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt"
vAlign=top width=161>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Helvetica><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">Sun revolving around
galaxy<O:P></O:P></SPAN></FONT></P></TD>
<TD
style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 92.15pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt"
vAlign=top width=92>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Helvetica><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">≈
230<O:P></O:P></SPAN></FONT></P></TD>
<TD
style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 77.95pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt"
vAlign=top width=78>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Helvetica><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">7.7 x </SPAN></FONT><SPAN
style="TEXT-INDENT: 48px; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; FONT-SIZE: 14px">10</SPAN><SPAN
style="TEXT-INDENT: 48px; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; FONT-SIZE: 11px">-4</SPAN></P></TD>
<TD
style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 134.65pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black ..5pt"
vAlign=top width=135>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Helvetica><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">≈
1.0000003<O:P></O:P></SPAN></FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 4; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes">
<TD
style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 161.35pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt"
vAlign=top width=161>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Helvetica><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">Galaxy towards “Great
Attractor”<O:P></O:P></SPAN></FONT></P></TD>
<TD
style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 92.15pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt"
vAlign=top width=92>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Helvetica><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">≈
600<O:P></O:P></SPAN></FONT></P></TD>
<TD
style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 77.95pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt"
vAlign=top width=78>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Helvetica><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">2.2 x </SPAN></FONT><SPAN
style="TEXT-INDENT: 48px; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; FONT-SIZE: 14px">10</SPAN><SUP
style="TEXT-INDENT: 48px; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica">-3</SUP></P></TD>
<TD
style="BORDER-BOTTOM: black 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 134.65pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: black 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid black ..5pt"
vAlign=top width=135>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Helvetica><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">≈
1.0000048</SPAN></FONT></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 36pt; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0)" class=MsoNormal><FONT
face=Helvetica><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14px"><BR></SPAN></FONT></P><!--EndFragment--></DIV><FONT
face=Helvetica><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">Origin of speed<SPAN
style="WHITE-SPACE: pre" class=Apple-tab-span> </SPAN>Speed (km/sec)<SPAN
style="WHITE-SPACE: pre" class=Apple-tab-span> </SPAN>Speed (c) <SPAN
style="WHITE-SPACE: pre" class=Apple-tab-span> </SPAN>𝛾 (gamma)</SPAN></FONT>
<DIV><FONT face=Helvetica><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">Earth equatorial
rotation<SPAN style="WHITE-SPACE: pre" class=Apple-tab-span> </SPAN><
0.5<SPAN style="WHITE-SPACE: pre" class=Apple-tab-span> </SPAN>1.5 x
10^−6<SPAN style="WHITE-SPACE: pre" class=Apple-tab-span> </SPAN>≈
1.0000000000</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Helvetica><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">Exert revolving around
sun<SPAN style="WHITE-SPACE: pre" class=Apple-tab-span> </SPAN>≈ 30<SPAN
style="WHITE-SPACE: pre" class=Apple-tab-span> </SPAN>1 x 10^−4<SPAN
style="WHITE-SPACE: pre" class=Apple-tab-span> </SPAN>≈
1.00000002</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Helvetica><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">Sun revolving around
galaxy<SPAN style="WHITE-SPACE: pre" class=Apple-tab-span> </SPAN>≈ 230<SPAN
style="WHITE-SPACE: pre" class=Apple-tab-span> </SPAN>7.7
x <O:P></O:P>10^−4<SPAN style="WHITE-SPACE: pre" class=Apple-tab-span>
</SPAN>≈ 1.0000003</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Helvetica><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">Galaxy towards “Great
Attractor”<SPAN style="WHITE-SPACE: pre" class=Apple-tab-span> </SPAN>≈
600<SPAN style="WHITE-SPACE: pre" class=Apple-tab-span> </SPAN>2.2
x <O:P></O:P>10^−3<SPAN style="WHITE-SPACE: pre" class=Apple-tab-span>
</SPAN>≈ 1.0000048<BR></SPAN></FONT>
<DIV id=bloop_sign_1510084570000893184 class=bloop_sign></DIV></DIV>
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<P class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; FONT-SIZE: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">Table
1</SPAN></B><FONT face=Arial><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt"> Summary of
Earth based observers’ movements through space relative to nearby objects. Two
versions are given in case of difficulties </SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 15px">during</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt"> downloading.</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 36pt" class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Helvetica><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">The important feature of table 1 is that, except for
Earth’s rotation, all other measurements are well within the current
experimental error in the measurement of c. If there were a fixed and absolute
reference in space against which all measurements of c were made, that would
be detected in measurements made. Table 1 indicates the constant speed of
light has been measured with Earth having different speeds wrt “nearby”
objects. Their SR corrections, 𝛾, are close to unity, but are still
sufficient to be measured. Most of us are happy to believe we are at rest when
sitting down in our office/laboratory etc. Relative to our local
environment we are at rest.</SPAN></FONT><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; FONT-SIZE: 14px"> </SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; FONT-SIZE: 14px">iMHO they are called
relativity theories because all measurements are made relative to the observer
making them.</SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 36pt" class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Helvetica><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">There is nothing in the above that suggests there was
any error in Einstein’s assumption of the constancy of the speed of light.
That does not mean that his calculations are the only way of deriving the SR
corrections. It does mean that the SR corrections are not an inherent property
of space to be imposed upon travellers relative to a fixed reference in space
that has no other cause. It does mean that the SR corrections are a property
of each individual particle, as has been deduced from the toroidal or rotating
photon model of individual sub-atomic particles.<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 36pt" class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Helvetica><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">That brings us to the other question about intrepid
space travellers encountering each other. SR suggests their clocks will show
different times. How do they know which traveller is going the fastest? It is
here that a little practicality is required. To a first approximation, stars
in our local region of the Milky Way, say within 5,000 light years (LYs),
would have approximately the same rotational speed around the galaxy as has
our sun. (There is no evidence to suggest that stars in our local region are
moving at significant speeds towards or away from each other.) The only
difference would be in the rotational speed of the planet around their star of
origin. That limits any speed difference to say 60 km/sec at the origin of
both intrepid travelers.</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 36pt" class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Helvetica><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">Consider the situation of the intrepid
space travelers setting out on their interstellar
journey. </SPAN></FONT><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; FONT-SIZE: 14px">Their origins would be
relatively at rest wrt each other.</SPAN><SPAN
style="TEXT-INDENT: 36pt; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; FONT-SIZE: 14px"> As
the traveled their internal clocks would be subject to the SR corrections. If
at some time in the future their two paths were to cross, both would have
those SR corrections to their internal clocks relative to their point of
origin. If their speeds from their origins were less than the planetary
rotation differences, they would not know which traveller was moving the
fastest. Under the circumstances where at least one of their speeds was much
greater than their orbital origin speeds, their clocks would be SR adjusted
from their starting points. A comparison of clocks that took into account
their Doppler frequency change would indicate which traveller was moving the
fastest. </SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 36pt" class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Helvetica><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">There is no absolute fixed point in space about which
all speeds must be measured. From the practical viewpoint, there is a local
reference point set by the fixed nature of the stars in our local neighborhood
(some thousands of light years around us). Outside that distance,
the corrections required are given above. They are still quite small compared
to c. Any travelers measuring a speed difference that is a significant
fraction of c will know which one of them is traveling
the fastest. From a practical point of view, this gives an
approximate “fixed point” against which all speeds can be determined. It
is set by the relatively stationary nature of the origins of those
intrepid travelers who will travel for a few thousand light years.
For travelers originating further than those few thousand light years
apart, other corrections, minor compared to c, need too be
applied.</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 36pt" class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Helvetica><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">The above is forwarded to suggest there is no
experimental evidence for any flaw in SR. I hope others can gain a similar
understanding. The “standard model” is wrong to assume: “<I>That is
the way it is. We don’t need to know why</I>”. There has to be a cause, a
physical reason why “<I>it is the way it is</I>”. The toroidal or
rotating photon model of matter offers a physical reason of that cause.
Others may be possible. There is no experimental evidence, accurate to
< 1 : </SPAN></FONT><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; FONT-SIZE: 14px">10</SPAN><SUP
style="FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica">8</SUP><FONT face=Helvetica><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">, to suggest it is wrong in its
interpretation. </SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 36pt" class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Helvetica><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">We should challenge aspects of modern science’s
understanding of the universe around us. Without such challenges there will
not be much progress. I merely suggest that SR is not a good one to
challenge. </SPAN></FONT><SPAN
style="TEXT-INDENT: 36pt; FONT-FAMILY: Helvetica; FONT-SIZE: 14px">
</SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 36pt" class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Helvetica><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">Cheers,</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 36pt" class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Helvetica><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 14px">Vivian
Robinson</SPAN></FONT></P><!--EndFragment--></DIV>
<P>
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