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<div>Pretty cool. I have the threshold model. <a href="http://www.thresholdmodel.com" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" class="enhancr_card_0785984860">Resolution of Wave-particle Duality - Threshold Model Physics - Unquantum Effect</a></div><div><br></div><div id="ydpc08c864benhancr_card_0785984860" class="ydpc08c864byahoo-link-enhancr-card ydpc08c864bymail-preserve-class ydpc08c864bymail-preserve-style" style="max-width:400px;font-family:"Helvetica Neue", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;" data-url="http://www.thresholdmodel.com" data-type="YENHANCER" data-size="MEDIUM" contenteditable="false"><a href="http://www.thresholdmodel.com" style="text-decoration:none !important;color:#000 !important;" class="ydpc08c864byahoo-enhancr-cardlink" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><table border="0" class="ydpc08c864bcard-wrapper ydpc08c864byahoo-ignore-table" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="max-width:400px;"><tbody><tr><td width="400"><table border="0" class="ydpc08c864bcard ydpc08c864byahoo-ignore-table" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%" style="max-width:400px;border-width:1px;border-style:solid;border-color:rgb(224, 228, 233);border-radius:2px;"><tbody><tr><td class="ydpc08c864bcard-primary-image-cell" background="https://s.yimg.com/lo/api/res/1.2/0w.MvYFCUQSi5lY3n.xtmQ--~A/Zmk9ZmlsbDt3PTQwMDtoPTIwMDthcHBpZD1pZXh0cmFjdA--/http://nebula.wsimg.com/5393a0e5641c732366f50374d3f76127?AccessKeyId=8D0075DD5A568B9FECD4&disposition=0&alloworigin=1.cf.jpg" bgcolor="#000000" valign="top" height="175" style="background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-size: cover; position: relative; border-radius: 2px 2px 0px 0px; min-height: 175px;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><v:rect fill="true" stroke="false" style="width:396px;height:175px;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;"><v:fill type="frame" color="#000000" src="https://s.yimg.com/lo/api/res/1.2/0w.MvYFCUQSi5lY3n.xtmQ--~A/Zmk9ZmlsbDt3PTQwMDtoPTIwMDthcHBpZD1pZXh0cmFjdA--/http://nebula.wsimg.com/5393a0e5641c732366f50374d3f76127?AccessKeyId=8D0075DD5A568B9FECD4&disposition=0&alloworigin=1.cf.jpg"/></v:rect><![endif]--><table border="0" class="ydpc08c864bcard-overlay-container-table ydpc08c864byahoo-ignore-table" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="ydpc08c864bcard-overlay-cell" background="https://s.yimg.com/cv/ae/nq/storm/assets/enhancrV21/1/enhancr_gradient-400x175.png" bgcolor="transparent" valign="top" style="background-color: transparent; border-radius: 2px 2px 0px 0px; min-height: 175px;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><v:rect fill="true" stroke="false" style="width:396px;height:175px;position:absolute;top:-18px;left:0;"><v:fill type="pattern" color="#000000" src="https://s.yimg.com/cv/ae/nq/storm/assets/enhancrV21/1/enhancr_gradient-400x175.png"/><v:textbox inset="0,0,20px,0"><![endif]--><table border="0" class="ydpc08c864byahoo-ignore-table" height="175" style="width: 100%; min-height: 175px;"><tbody><tr><td class="ydpc08c864bcard-richInfo2" style="text-align:left;padding:15px 0 0 15px;vertical-align:top;"></td><td class="ydpc08c864bcard-actions" style="text-align:right;padding:15px 15px 0 0;vertical-align:top;"><div class="ydpc08c864bcard-share-container"></div></td></tr></tbody></table><!--[if gte mso 9]></v:textbox></v:rect><![endif]--></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td><table border="0" align="center" class="ydpc08c864bcard-info ydpc08c864byahoo-ignore-table" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background:#fff;position:relative;z-index:2;width:100%;max-width:400px;border-radius:0 0 2px 2px;border-top:1px solid rgb(224, 228, 233);"><tbody><tr><td style="background-color:#ffffff;padding:16px 0 16px 12px;vertical-align:top;border-radius:0 0 0 2px;"></td><td style="vertical-align:middle;padding:12px 24px 16px 12px;width:99%;font-family:"Helvetica Neue", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;border-radius:0 0 2px 0;"><h2 class="ydpc08c864bcard-title" style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px 0px 6px; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(38, 40, 42);">Resolution of Wave-particle Duality - Threshold Model Physics - Unquantu...</h2><p class="ydpc08c864bcard-description" style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 16px; margin: 0px; color: rgb(151, 155, 167);">Experiments and theory toward resolving the wave-particle-duality problem in quantum mechanics. Refutation of: e...</p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></a></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div>
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<div>On Thursday, June 28, 2018, 1:03:58 PM PDT, general-request@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org <general-request@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org> wrote:</div>
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<div><div dir="ltr">Send General mailing list submissions to<br></div><div dir="ltr"> <a href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a><br></div><div dir="ltr"><br></div><div dir="ltr">To subscribe or unsubscribe via the World Wide Web, visit<br></div><div dir="ltr"> <a href="http://lists.natureoflightandparticles.org/listinfo.cgi/general-natureoflightandparticles.org" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">http://lists.natureoflightandparticles.org/listinfo.cgi/general-natureoflightandparticles.org</a><br></div><div dir="ltr"><br></div><div dir="ltr">or, via email, send a message with subject or body 'help' to<br></div><div dir="ltr"> <a href="mailto:general-request@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">general-request@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a><br></div><div dir="ltr"><br></div><div dir="ltr">You can reach the person managing the list at<br></div><div dir="ltr"> <a href="mailto:general-owner@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">general-owner@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a><br></div><div dir="ltr"><br></div><div dir="ltr">When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific<br></div><div dir="ltr">than "Re: Contents of General digest..."<br></div>Today's Topics:<br><br> 1. Superluminal electron model (<a href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">richgauthier@gmail.com</a>)<br> 2. Re: Superluminal electron model (<a href="mailto:davidmathes8@yahoo.com" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">davidmathes8@yahoo.com</a>)<br> 3. Re: Superluminal electron model (John Williamson)<br><div id="ydp7be72ee2ymsg43155" class="ydp7be72ee2ymsg5246005283"><div id="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927"><div><div class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927">Hello all,</div><div class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927"> I thought some of you might like to see a new electron model, composed of a superluminal spin-1/2 charged half-photon. In the stationary electron model the superluminal energy quantum moves along the surface of a horn torus, with an internal frequency equal to the zitterbewegung frequency f=2mc^2/h. The relativistic electron model contracts with increasing gamma. The electron model’s closed helix's radius is R=hbar/2mc as in several electron models. I’ve started writing a short paper about the model. The working title: “Is the electron a superluminal half-photon with toroidal topology?” The electron model is formed from one wavelength of the helical trajectory of one of the two half-photons composing a double-helix photon energetically capable of producing an electron-positron pair in e-p pair production, i.e. with photon energy E=2mc^2 and photon frequency equal to the electron’s zitterbewegung frequency f=2mc^2/h. The helical radius of this half-photon is R = Lcompton/4pi = hbar/2mc. The circulating superrluminal particle is actually a point-like particle. The resting electron model's energy Eo will be one-half of the originating photon’s minimum energy of 2mc^2, and therefore Eo=mc^2.</div><div class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927"> Comments or questions?</div><div class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927"> Richard </div><div class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927"><br class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927"></div><div class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927"><br class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927"></div><div class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927"><img id="ydp7be72ee2yiv26873099279563BD1E-74BE-419C-A2D7-2720E22AED25" src="cid:yc9HljasdzAMm32swgdE" class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927" data-inlineimagemanipulating="true" data-id="1530249662777" draggable="false"><img id="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927C917E5D3-59BD-4971-A58F-45314ED8F45F" src="cid:UCb3cUTxyKQ8ParBFd97" class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927" data-inlineimagemanipulating="true" data-id="1530249662777" draggable="false"></div></div></div></div><div id="ydp7be72ee2ymsg48112" class="ydp7be72ee2ymsg5246005283"><div id="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927"><div><div style="font-family:Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;"><div style="font-family:Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;"><div></div>
<div>Richard,</div><div><br></div><div>A few questions...</div><div><br></div><div>0. How many electron models are there now? Is there a diagram or mapping showing how all the zitterbewegung models are related?</div><div><br></div><div>1. Within your model, does the new electron embody the Majorna characteristic that the particle is it's own antiparticle, in particular, does it explain how both matter and antimatter are within it? </div><div><br></div><div>2. Can the new electron be described using the mathematical formalism of Dirac, Majorna and Weyl?</div><div><br></div><div>3. What is the mechanism for creating a local FTL environment to permit FTL photons or quanta?</div><div><span><div>Superluminal wave velocities within the electron "shell" are possible using the definition of </div><div>c = SQRT(permittivity * permittivity) by simply decreasing either permittivity or permeability...or both.</div><div><br></div></span></div><div>4. How does this new electron model - or any other electron model for that matter - sustain a shell barrier?</div><div> </div><div>5. Are the superluminal versions of other electron models? That is, how widespread is this conjecture? </div><div><br></div><div>6. Does the new electron model explain charge? That is, is charge considered invariant within the "shell"?</div><div><br></div><div>7. </div><div><br></div><div><span><div>IMHO, this new electron model looks like a Majorna particle. In fact, there seems to be a mapping between Dirac, Majorna and Weyl (DMW) particles to the ring toroid, horn toroid and the spindle toroid. One could take this one step further which would link the math of DMW to the geometry of circulating photons or quanta with variations including subliminal models and superluminal models. And there are various electron models, notably Williamson/van der Mark, that address charge.</div><div><br></div><div>8. Does this model address stochastic electrodynamics where <span style="color:rgb(34, 34, 34);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Zitterbewegung is explained as an interaction of a classical particle? Does this model fit within </span><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/collective-electrodynamics" class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927enhancr_card_0221840877" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Collective Electrodynamics</a> (Carver Meade) </div><div><br></div><div><br></div></span><span><div>9. Does the new electron model - a zbw model - have sufficient linkage to the confirmed conjectures of Dirac, Majorna and Weyl fermions?</div><div><br></div><div>While I like the geometric approach based on experimental evidence, linking the matrix math of Dirac, Majorna and Weyl particles to zitterbewegung models is essential to wider acceptance. </div><div><br></div><div>Notes:</div><div>Most of the time, we use Dirac electrons which up until 2015 were the only confirmed prediction. The Weyl fermion was predicted in 1929 and confirmed in 2015. The Majorna fermion was predicted 1937 and confirmed in 2017.</div><div><br></div><div>Notably, zitterbewegung was predicted by Schroedinger in 1930 and confirmed using BEC in 2013.</div><div><br></div></span></div><div>ref:</div><div><br></div><div><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1006.1718" class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927enhancr_card_0779676588" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">[1006.1718] Dirac, Majorana and Weyl fermions</a><br></div><div><br></div><div><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/525293e" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Condensed-matter physics: Weyl particles discovered (2015)</a><br></div><div><br></div><div><a href="https://news.stanford.edu/2017/07/20/evidence-particle-antiparticle/" class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927enhancr_card_1025704008" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Evidence for a particle that is its own antiparticle (2017)| Stanford News</a> <br></div><div><br></div><div><a href="https://www.sciencealert.com/this-new-proof-of-majorana-fermions-is-going-to-be-massive-for-quantum-devices" class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927enhancr_card_0888238275" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">This New Proof of Majorana Fermions Is Going to Be Massive For Quantum Devices</a><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div>
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<div>On Wednesday, June 27, 2018, 5:50:16 PM PDT, richgauthier@gmail.com <richgauthier@gmail.com> wrote:</div>
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<div><div id="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927ydp70006240yiv1559197444"><div class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927ydp70006240yiv1559197444">Hello all,</div><div class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927ydp70006240yiv1559197444"> I thought some of you might like to see a new electron model, composed of a superluminal spin-1/2 charged half-photon. </div><div class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927ydp70006240yiv1559197444"><br></div><div class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927ydp70006240yiv1559197444">In the stationary electron model the superluminal energy quantum moves along the surface of a horn torus, with an internal frequency equal to the zitterbewegung frequency f=2mc^2/h. The relativistic electron model contracts with increasing gamma. The electron model’s closed helix's radius is R=hbar/2mc as in several electron models.</div><div class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927ydp70006240yiv1559197444"><br></div><div class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927ydp70006240yiv1559197444"> I’ve started writing a short paper about the (new electron) model. The working title: “Is the electron a superluminal half-photon with toroidal topology?” The electron model is formed from one wavelength of the helical trajectory of one of the two half-photons composing a double-helix photon energetically capable of producing an electron-positron pair in e-p pair production, i.e. with photon energy E=2mc^2 and photon frequency equal to the electron’s zitterbewegung frequency f=2mc^2/h. The helical radius of this half-photon is R = Lcompton/4pi = hbar/2mc. The circulating superrluminal particle is actually a point-like particle. The resting electron model's energy Eo will be one-half of the originating photon’s minimum energy of 2mc^2, and therefore Eo=mc^2.</div><div class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927ydp70006240yiv1559197444"> Comments or questions?</div><div class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927ydp70006240yiv1559197444"> Richard </div><div class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927ydp70006240yiv1559197444"><br class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927ydp70006240yiv1559197444"></div><div class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927ydp70006240yiv1559197444"><br class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927ydp70006240yiv1559197444"></div><div class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927ydp70006240yiv1559197444"><img id="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927ydp70006240yiv15591974449563BD1E-74BE-419C-A2D7-2720E22AED25" src="cid:5VbJ7WBoZqk7OV8tI6L9" class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927ydp70006240yiv1559197444" data-inlineimagemanipulating="true" data-id="1530249662777" draggable="false"><img id="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927ydp70006240yiv1559197444C917E5D3-59BD-4971-A58F-45314ED8F45F" src="cid:8ZcbQUGLHGXFqtaHrDfX" class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927ydp70006240yiv1559197444" data-inlineimagemanipulating="true" data-id="1530249662778" draggable="false"></div></div>_______________________________________________<br>If you no longer wish to receive communication from the Nature of Light and Particles General Discussion List at <a href="mailto:davidmathes8@yahoo.com" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">davidmathes8@yahoo.com</a><br><a href="<a href="http://lists.natureoflightandparticles.org/options.cgi/general-natureoflightandparticles.org/davidmathes8%40yahoo.com?unsub=1&unsubconfirm=1" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">http://lists.natureoflightandparticles.org/options.cgi/general-natureoflightandparticles.org/davidmathes8%40yahoo.com?unsub=1&unsubconfirm=1</a>"><br>Click here to unsubscribe<br></a><br></div>
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<div style="direction:ltr;font-family:Tahoma;color:#000000;font-size:10pt;">Here you go David, a few answers ...<br>
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<div id="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927divRpF752793" style="direction:ltr;"><font size="2" face="Tahoma" color="#000000"><b>From:</b> General [general-bounces+john.williamson=glasgow.ac.uk@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org] on behalf of davidmathes8@yahoo.com [davidmathes8@yahoo.com]<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Thursday, June 28, 2018 3:19 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> Nature of Light and Particles - General Discussion<br>
<b>Cc:</b> Oreste Caroppo; martin Mark van der<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [General] Superluminal electron model<br>
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<div>Richard,</div>
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<div>A few questions...</div>
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<div>0. How many electron models are there now? Is there a diagram or mapping showing how all the zitterbewegung models are related?</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Mu: Lots!<br>
</div>
<div><br>
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<div>1. Within your model, does the new electron embody the Majorna characteristic that the particle is it's own antiparticle, in particular, does it explain how both matter and antimatter are within it? <br>
</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>No - the electron is not, and has never been, its own antiparticle. That is the positron.<br>
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<div>2. Can the new electron be described using the mathematical formalism of Dirac, Majorna and Weyl?</div>
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<div>No, Dirac is strictly (and famously) lightspeed. Hence the "zitterbewegung" at all.<br>
</div>
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<div>3. What is the mechanism for creating a local FTL environment to permit FTL photons or quanta?</div>
<div><span> <div>Superluminal wave velocities within the electron "shell" are possible using the definition of </div>
<div>c = SQRT(permittivity * permittivity) by simply decreasing either permittivity or permeability...or both.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>NRI papers have been fashionable, but I do not think Richard uses them<br>
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</div> </span></div>
<div>4. How does this new electron model - or any other electron model for that matter - sustain a shell barrier?</div>
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<div>Why would it need to? If one proposes a shell that is simply another thing one has to explain. Electrons are necessarily "boxless" or how would they inter-act?<br>
</div>
<div> </div>
<div>5. Are the superluminal versions of other electron models? That is, how widespread is this conjecture?</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Yes - Superluminal charge though, is, I think this is the major weakness of Richards model, as it messes up mass in relativity. Not good!<br>
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<div>6. Does the new electron model explain charge? That is, is charge considered invariant within the "shell"?</div>
<div><br>
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<div>Charge invariance is inconsistent with FTL - as outlined above.<br>
</div>
<div><br>
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<div>7. </div>
<div><br>
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<span> <div>IMHO, this new electron model looks like a Majorna particle. In fact, there seems to be a mapping between Dirac, Majorna and Weyl (DMW) particles to the ring toroid, horn toroid and the spindle toroid. One could take this one step further which would link the math of DMW to the geometry of circulating photons or quanta with variations including subliminal models and superluminal models. And there are various electron models, notably Williamson/van der Mark, that address charge.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>8. Does this model address stochastic electrodynamics where <span style="color:rgb(34,34,34);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:14px;">Zitterbewegung is explained as an interaction of a classical particle? Does this model fit within </span><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/collective-electrodynamics" class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927enhancr_card_0221840877" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Collective Electrodynamics</a> (Carver Meade)</div>
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<div>No .. Carver Meade uses lightspeed. Also he starts from Plank's constant as a given, an uses this as the starting basis (excellent!) for much of the rest of his thesis.<br>
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</div> </span><span> <div>9. Does the new electron model - a zbw model - have sufficient linkage to the confirmed conjectures of Dirac, Majorna and Weyl fermions?</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Regards, John.<br>
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<div><span> <div>While I like the geometric approach based on experimental evidence, linking the matrix math of Dirac, Majorna and Weyl particles to zitterbewegung models is essential to wider acceptance. </div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Notes:</div>
<div>Most of the time, we use Dirac electrons which up until 2015 were the only confirmed prediction. The Weyl fermion was predicted in 1929 and confirmed in 2015. The Majorna fermion was predicted 1937 and confirmed in 2017.</div>
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</div>
<div>Notably, zitterbewegung was predicted by Schroedinger in 1930 and confirmed using BEC in 2013.</div>
<div><br>
</div> </span></div>
<div>ref:</div>
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<div><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1006.1718" class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927enhancr_card_0779676588" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">[1006.1718] Dirac, Majorana and Weyl fermions</a><br>
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<div><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/525293e" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Condensed-matter physics: Weyl particles discovered (2015)</a><br>
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<div><a href="https://news.stanford.edu/2017/07/20/evidence-particle-antiparticle/" class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927enhancr_card_1025704008" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Evidence for a particle that is its own antiparticle (2017)| Stanford News</a> <br>
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<div><a href="https://www.sciencealert.com/this-new-proof-of-majorana-fermions-is-going-to-be-massive-for-quantum-devices" class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927enhancr_card_0888238275" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">This New Proof of Majorana Fermions Is Going to Be Massive For Quantum Devices</a><br>
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<div>On Wednesday, June 27, 2018, 5:50:16 PM PDT, richgauthier@gmail.com <richgauthier@gmail.com> wrote:</div>
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<div class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927ydp70006240yiv1559197444">Hello all,</div>
<div class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927ydp70006240yiv1559197444"> I thought some of you might like to see a new electron model, composed of a superluminal spin-1/2 charged half-photon. </div>
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<div class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927ydp70006240yiv1559197444">In the stationary electron model the superluminal energy quantum moves along the surface of a horn torus, with an internal frequency equal to the zitterbewegung frequency f=2mc^2/h. The relativistic electron model contracts with increasing gamma. The electron model’s closed helix's radius is R=hbar/2mc as in several electron models.</div>
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<div class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927ydp70006240yiv1559197444"> I’ve started writing a short paper about the (new electron) model. The working title: “Is the electron a superluminal half-photon with toroidal topology?” The electron model is formed from one wavelength of the helical trajectory of one of the two half-photons composing a double-helix photon energetically capable of producing an electron-positron pair in e-p pair production, i.e. with photon energy E=2mc^2 and photon frequency equal to the electron’s zitterbewegung frequency f=2mc^2/h. The helical radius of this half-photon is R = Lcompton/4pi = hbar/2mc. The circulating superrluminal particle is actually a point-like particle. The resting electron model's energy Eo will be one-half of the originating photon’s minimum energy of 2mc^2, and therefore Eo=mc^2.</div>
<div class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927ydp70006240yiv1559197444"> Comments or questions?</div>
<div class="ydp7be72ee2yiv2687309927ydp70006240yiv1559197444"> Richard </div>
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