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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'>Hi Richard<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'>Given the description below, would you then expect that the electron would possess less (internal) total momentum than the total momentum of the half photon prior to the reaction? (Since the half photon gave up part of its forward momentum to the nucleus in the process.)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'>Do you suspect that the half photon also lost the same amount momentum of spin to the nucleus? (Increasing its radius and maintaining spin 1 angular momentum.)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'>And, do you know the absolute minimum energy level that this photon (E> 2 mc<sup>2</sup>) must have in order to convert to an electron positron pair? If there is conservation of momentum in the process, would you think that the photon must always have at least 2*sqrt(2) more than the energy of the electron at rest, and that the nucleus would <u>always</u> recoil based on the forward momentum (E/c) of the incoming photon and the angle of incidence?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'>Chip<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'> General [mailto:general-bounces+chipakins=gmail.com@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Richard Gauthier<br><b>Sent:</b> Monday, July 23, 2018 3:34 PM<br><b>To:</b> Nature of Light and Particles - General Discussion <general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org><br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [General] Superluminal electron model<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Hi Chip<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal> You also wrote" What is it that overcomes the momentum to confine the model in 3 dimensions?"<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal> Electron-positron pair production usually happens in the close vicinity of an atomic nucleus, which absorbs momentum and recoils during the e-p production process. The recoiling atomic nucleus has absorbed the excess momentum when a sufficiently energetic photon (with E> 2 mc^2) converts to an electron-positron pair having less forward momentum than the photon carried. But the atomic nucleus exerts an equal and opposite force on the photon during e-p production. This force (or impulse= force x time) on the photon from the atomic nucleus apparently causes the double-helix photon to destabilize and separate into two separate spin-1/2 charged half-photons which then restabilize by curling up to form a quantum vortex electron and positron, transferring to the atomic nucleus much of the forward momentum that the spin-1/2 charged half-photons carried as components of the double-helix photon. <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal> Richard<o:p></o:p></p></div></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal>On Mon, Jul 23, 2018 at 6:55 AM, <<a href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com" target="_blank">richgauthier@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p><blockquote style='border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0in'><div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Hi Chip and all,<o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal> The internally-superluminal charged spin-1/2 half-photon can only travel forward at light-speed in a linear direction when it moves alongside a second, oppositely-charged spin-1/2 charged half-photon to form a stable (through Coulomb attraction) double-helix photon, in which case both oppositely charged half-photons are also stable in forming the double-helix photon. But when one spin-1/2 half-photon is separated from the other spin-1/2 half-photon during e-p pair production, each separated half-photon becomes unstable, and curls up its trajectory into a MORE STABLE quantum vortex configuration, where it stabilizes itself by constructive-self-interference with its own single-looping Lambda-Compton/2-wavelength quantum wave and zitterbewegung frequency. A double-looping one-Compton-wavelength photon-like object would be inherently UNSTABLE due to destructive seif-interference after one loop, as it would arrive 180 degrees out of phase with its own one-Compton-wavelength quantum wave after one loop. A unstable one-Compton-wavelength (originated from where?) photon-like object would perhaps require force to curve it into an even more unstable, self-interfering double-looping photon model of an electron, But a 1/2 Compton wavelength half-photon forms a stable constructively-self-interfering quantum vortex electron without external force.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal> At least that’s how I see it now. Your comments are welcome.<o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><br><br><o:p></o:p></p><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><p class=MsoNormal>On Jul 22, 2018, at 9:20 AM, Chip Akins <<a href="mailto:chipakins@gmail.com" target="_blank">chipakins@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><div><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Hi Richard<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Really nice work!!!<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>I have a question you may have already sorted out regarding forces.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>What is the source for the force which causes half of the photon to curl up and form the electron model you propose? What is it that overcomes the momentum to confine the model in 3 dimensions?<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Or do you have another explanation for the cause of the confinement?<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Warmest Regards<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Chip<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><div><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>From:</span></b><span class=m5196363156944367336apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'> </span></span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>General [<a href="mailto:general-bounces+chipakins=gmail.com@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org" target="_blank">mailto:general-bounces+chipakins=gmail.com@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a>]<span class=m5196363156944367336apple-converted-space> </span><b>On Behalf Of<span class=m5196363156944367336apple-converted-space> </span></b><a href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com" target="_blank">richgauthier@gmail.com</a><br><b>Sent:</b><span class=m5196363156944367336apple-converted-space> </span>Sunday, July 22, 2018 10:50 AM<br><b>To:</b><span class=m5196363156944367336apple-converted-space> </span>Nature of Light and Particles - General Discussion <<a href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org" target="_blank">general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a>><br><b>Cc:</b><span class=m5196363156944367336apple-converted-space> </span>Oreste Caroppo <<a href="mailto:orestecaroppo@yahoo.it" target="_blank">orestecaroppo@yahoo.it</a>>; martin Mark van der <<a href="mailto:martin.van.der.mark@philips.com" target="_blank">martin.van.der.mark@philips.com</a>><br><b>Subject:</b><span class=m5196363156944367336apple-converted-space> </span>Re: [General] Superluminal electron model</span><o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div><div><p class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Hello Wolfgang, Albrecht, John W, Martin and all,<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span class=m5196363156944367336apple-converted-space> </span><span style='font-size:9.0pt'> I want to let you know that my new article </span>“<span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:#333333;background:#F1F1F1'>Quantum-Vortex Electron Formed From Superluminal Double-Helix Photon in Electron-Positron Pair Production</span>” is now available at (and can be downloaded from)<span class=m5196363156944367336apple-converted-space> </span><a href="https://richardgauthier.academia.edu/research" target="_blank"><span style='color:purple'>https://richardgauthier.academia.edu/research</span></a><span class=m5196363156944367336apple-converted-space> </span>. I welcome your comments. For your convenience I’ve also appended the pdf file below.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal> Richard<o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'>_______________________________________________<br>If you no longer wish to receive communication from the Nature of Light and Particles General Discussion List at <a href="mailto:richgauthier@gmail.com" target="_blank">richgauthier@gmail.com</a><br><a href="<a href="http://lists.natureoflightandparticles.org/options.cgi/general-natureoflightandparticles.org/richgauthier%40gmail.com?unsub=1&unsubconfirm=1" target="_blank">http://lists.natureoflightandparticles.org/options.cgi/general-natureoflightandparticles.org/richgauthier%40gmail.com?unsub=1&unsubconfirm=1</a>"><br>Click here to unsubscribe<br></a></span><o:p></o:p></p></div></blockquote></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div></div></div></blockquote></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div></div></body></html>