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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D">Dear Oliver, Albrecht, Chip, Hodge and the rest of our participants:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D">Here is my personal opinion about the velocity of Gravity Wave.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"><![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">1.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D">I accept Einstein’s interpretation of gravity as a “Potential Gradient”, or the “Curvature of Space” literally, where the space is the Cosmic Tension Field (CTF). It is the universal
stationary reference frame in which all the cosmic evolutionary games are taking place.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"><![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">2.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D">All the forces, extending above concept, are various forms of potential gradients around the particles and their assemblies. The elementary particles are torus-like or doughnut-like
self-looped in-phase EM waves. These self-looped oscillations and their assemblies generate various kinds of potential gradients around themselves including various new properties, like, charge, spin, etc.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"><![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">3.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D">These potential gradients would definitely get distorted if the parent body moves with very high velocity in the stationary CTF. Fortunately, most particles and natural bodies like
stars and galaxies move with very modest velocities through the stationary CTF. So, the effective potential gradients remain mostly undistorted. Minute distortions, if exists, remain stable with uniform velocity. That is why the laws of physics are same in
all galaxies and their stars, as we know through spectrometry and other measurements.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"><![if !supportLists]><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">4.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D">Supernova explosion: This process would suddenly destroy the effective gravitational center and hence the previously steady-state gravitational potential gradient would collapse and
shrink. I believe, the collapse of this far-extended-gradient should have a finite velocity in the CTF and is measurable at opportune moments.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D">Sincerely,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D">Chandra. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a name="_MailEndCompose"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></a></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif""> General [mailto:general-bounces+chandra.roychoudhuri=uconn.edu@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Hodge John<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, February 12, 2019 12:19 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> Nature of Light and Particles - General Discussion<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [General] Velocity of gravitation<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"">de Sangro, et al., 2012, {\it{Measuring Propagation Speed of Coulomb Fields}}, <a href="https://na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Farxiv.org%2Fabs%2F1211.2913&data=02%7C01%7Cchandra.roychoudhuri%40uconn.edu%7C0ec21ec2020743875cbb08d6910e378e%7C17f1a87e2a254eaab9df9d439034b080%7C0%7C0%7C636855887585906654&sdata=Hq242KHVMWQFPAMo47nuVYU493khj3LlzBw5uG9dGzA%3D&reserved=0" target="_blank">Measuring
Propagation Speed of Coulomb Fields</a> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Segoe UI","sans-serif";color:#26282A">Measuring Propagation Speed of Coulomb Fields<o:p></o:p></span></h2>
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<span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Segoe UI","sans-serif";color:#979BA7">The problem of gravity propagation has been subject of discussion for quite a long time: Newton, Laplace and, in...<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"">Hodge<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#26282A">On Tuesday, February 12, 2019, 11:58:03 AM EST, Albrecht Giese <phys@a-giese.de> wrote:
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#26282A">Hi Chip,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#26282A">I have found a paper from S. Carlip which is published in a publication of CERN. You can find it via the link<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#26282A"><a href="https://na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fcds.cern.ch%2Frecord%2F401893%2Ffiles%2F9909087.pdf&data=02%7C01%7Cchandra.roychoudhuri%40uconn.edu%7C0ec21ec2020743875cbb08d6910e378e%7C17f1a87e2a254eaab9df9d439034b080%7C0%7C0%7C636855887585916663&sdata=yVZA18ZeHpCYyhPu9rLSgVAFK9MFqT62vikSrd8WVyc%3D&reserved=0" target="_blank">http://cds.cern.ch/record/401893/files/9909087.pdf</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#26282A">This paper also refers to the paper of van Flandern. The paper of Carlip presents a velocity dependent component of the force vector. This is deduced for the electric field
by Maxwell's equations and special relativity (which essentially means the same). For the gravitational field by the use of general relativity. - This velocity dependent component can also be understood by imagination if we understand a field as a stream of
exchange particles. This latter case is easily understandable if we are willing to accept an ether as a medium. Because for the propagation in an ether there is generally no aberration.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#26282A">BTW: Einstein has once stated that the existence of aberration of light (as visible in astronomy) was for him the most convincing fact for rejecting an ether. This was at a
time when Einstein did not accept light to be a stream of photons. For the latter case there is no conflict between an ether and aberration of light (as particles).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#26282A">Thank you, Oliver Consa, for the literature. And thank you, Al Kracklauer, for your comment, I shall come back to it.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#26282A">Albrecht<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#26282A"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#26282A">Am 12.02.2019 um 12:34 schrieb Chip Akins:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="yiv3799900511msonormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#26282A">Hi Albrecht<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="yiv3799900511msonormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#26282A"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="yiv3799900511msonormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#26282A">I find this very interesting. Where can I get more information and data about the non-aberration of the electric field? Are there papers and
publications you recommend?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="yiv3799900511msonormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#26282A"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="yiv3799900511msonormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#26282A">Chip Akins<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="yiv3799900511msonormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#26282A"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="yiv3799900511msonormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#26282A"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="yiv3799900511msonormal"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#26282A">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#26282A"> General [<a href="mailto:general-bounces+chipakins=gmail.com@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org" target="_blank">mailto:general-bounces+chipakins=gmail.com@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org</a>]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Albrecht Giese<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Monday, February 11, 2019 2:18 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> 'Nature of Light and Particles - General Discussion' <a href="mailto:general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org" target="_blank">
<general@lists.natureoflightandparticles.org></a>; Wolfgang Baer <a href="mailto:wolf@nascentinc.com" target="_blank">
<wolf@nascentinc.com></a><br>
<b>Subject:</b> [General] Velocity of gravitation</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#26282A"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="yiv3799900511msonormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#26282A"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#26282A">Hi Wolf, hi All,
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="yiv3799900511msonormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#26282A">some time ago we had a discussion here about gravity. In particular about the question whether the propagation speed of the gravitational field
is <b>c</b> or infinite. The problem behind is the fact that a finite propagation speed of gravity should cause rotating pairs of stars to permanently increase their speed, because the other star appears at a retarded position and so the force between the
stars should have a tangential component. Our discussion ended at that time with the result that the Liénard-Wiechert potential would solve the problem.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="yiv3799900511msonormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#26282A">This was not very satisfying because the Liénard-Wiechert formalism is only about the field at a retarded time, and this description by itself
does not solve this problem. I found that the solution is a completely different phenomenon. It is the fact (and as such well known in the physical literature) that fields like the electric field and also the gravitational field (our case) never show aberration.
This is – according to literature – a well-known fact which is also theoretically well understood. But most are not aware of it, like me.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="yiv3799900511msonormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#26282A">Experimentally it can in the case of the electrical field be proven in the laboratory. And the motion of stars show it for the gravitational
case. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="yiv3799900511msonormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#26282A">Do you feel that this helps?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="yiv3799900511msonormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#26282A">Albrecht<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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