[General] double photon cycle, subjective v objective realities

Sun Jul 24 07:11:34 PDT 2016

Hi Richard, Grahame, Vivian, John D. and all

Over the years of research I have compiled a list of assumptions which seem to agree remarkably well with experiment.  I have tried to use the most theoretically economical approach throughout, simply because nature has taught me that Occam’s razor quite often applies.

Part of that work is contained in the text after this email.

All of the piece of the puzzle must eventually fit seamlessly in our theory, for that is how they fit in nature.

If you review the information below you will likely find a few outstanding issues.  One is the spin of the electron issue we have been discussing.  Another is the specific mechanism which causes the elementary charge. And the big one remaining is the specific cause for the quantization of mass. Meaning exactly why is it that the electron has the specific rest mass, rest energy content it has? And then the same question for the proton and the neutron.

The elementary charge question is interesting because it seems that charge is created only by two full loops of one wavelength. (See the electrical engineering formula as applied to the electron below.) It is not just the field divergence, but likely the field divergence and one or two other mechanisms working together to create electric charge.  

This all has led me to some conclusions which we have already discussed.  There is a relativity dictated by nature (which is not exactly SR).  And some things go faster than light (electric charge, meaning the Coulomb field, and gravity for two examples.) The evidence that this is true is actually quite abundant, but we have been conditioned to look for other answers by the prevalent acceptance of SR. Another example of things faster than light is the wavefront velocity in particles (photons and electrons, etc.).  In this I am not claiming that information in the form of electromagnetic radiation can travel forward through space faster than light, it simply cannot. But the Coulomb field and gravity are many times faster than light. If you would like to look at references I would be glad to share some.

If the approach implied below is correct there are many implications. For example if the force Fc discussed below is real, then it is the cause for Planck’s constant. And then Fc would cause the electron radius to contract by 1/gamma with velocity. And if electric charge is only created by two full loops of one wavelength then the electron must have a radius contraction with velocity which is equal to 1/gamma.

So now here is the math.  A work in progress… 

(An explanation of the variables follows at the end.)

………………………………………………………………………………………..

Physics Math

Subatomic Particle Dynamics

Chip Akins 1970 through 2016

Spin angular momentum

Transverse

Total

Formula to calculate spin ½ ħ radius

Therefore

Formula to calculate spin 1 ħ radius

Therefore

Momentum of a photon

Longitudinal and Transverse

Total 

Centripetal Force

Circular Acceleration

Force

Frequency

Wavelength

Angular velocity (frequency)

Spin 1 ħ

            Spin ½ ħ

Lorentz Factor

Mass

Energy

Confinement Force (Transverse)

For spin ½ ħ… 

The elementary charge

Planck Charge

Force of electric charge

Force of Planck charge

Planck’s constant

Reduced Planck’s constant

The fine structure constant

Compton’s wavelength

Speed of light

Permeability

Permittivity

Impedance of space

Velocity of simple longitudinal wave

Velocity of simple transverse wave

Some Results

Electron Model Assumptions

Based on Electrical Engineering

Current circulating within the electron

Where I is current in Amperes, e is the elementary charge, and f is Compton’s frequency for the electron.

Power (Joule seconds, Watts) in the electron

Where W is Watts, E is the energy of the electron in Joules, and f is Compton’s frequency for the electron.

Volts in the electron

Inductance of the electron (in Henrys)

Where L is inductance, V is volts, I is current, and f is Compton’s frequency for the electron.

Capacitance in Farads for the electron

Where C is capacitance in Farads, e in the elementary charge, and V is Volts.

Resonant frequency of the electron

Where f is frequency in Hertz (which exactly equals Compton’s frequency for the electron), L is inductance, and C is capacitance.

Internal electrical resistance of the electron

Where R is resistance in Ohms, V is volts, and I is current.

(This value is remarkably close to the von Klitzing constant Rk which is estimated at 25812.807557.)

Magnetic Flux Quantum

Where φ0 is the Magnetic Flux Quantum in Webers, V is volts, and f is Compton’s frequency for the electron.

Josephson’s Constant

Where Kj is Josephson’s constant in Hertz per volt, V is volts, and f is Compton’s frequency for the electron.

Note:  In this section the electrical engineering formula only work if we use the Compton frequency of the electron.  However we measure the spin of the electron to be ½ ħ which seems to indicate the circulation frequency is twice the Compton frequency. Therefore I am assuming that electric charge can only be generated by a double loop topology of the wave.

Any thoughts on this would be appreciated.

Variables

A acceleration

a acceleration

α The fine structure constant

c the speed of light

C capacitance

E energy

e The elementary electric charge

ε0 Electric permittivity of space

F force or

F Farads

Fc confinement force for particles

f frequency

h Planck’s constant

ħ reduced Planck’s constant 

Hz Hertz

I Inductance

K Longitudinal (bulk) modulus

L spin angular momentum or

L inductance

m mass

p momentum

ρ mass density of space

Qp Planck Charge

r radius

R resistance

S spin number (1 or ½)

μ Transverse (shear) modulus

μ0 Magnetic permeability of space

v velocity

V volts

Angular frequency (radians per second)

W Watts

Wb Webers

λ Compton’s wavelength

γ Lorentz Factor

Z0 Impedance of space

Warm Regards to All

Chip

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